Abstract: A tray particularly adapted for containing a flowable material, such as, a food product which may be heated prior to consumption, wherein the tray is formed from a single blank of foldable sheet material, for example, paperboard having a heat resistant coating, which blank is cut, creased and folded so as to provide a rectangular bottom wall with upstanding sidewalls which are joined at the ends by integral web sections folded and secured so as to provide relatively rigid posts at each of the corners with inwardly bowed generally rectangular inside surfaces and with the bottom ends on curved lines which bridge the ends of spaced parallel fold lines at the juncture of the bottom wall forming panel and the sidewall forming panels whereby the interior of the tray presents curved surfaces in the areas where the walls intersect.

Abstract: A machine for piling metal sheets in dual piling areas in which are positioned pile accumulating mechanisms having sheet end stop and side edge guide mechanisms, which machine includes an infeed conveyor positioned to normally deliver sheets fed thereto into the first pile accumulating mechanism and an overhead magnetic conveyor overlying the discharge end of the infeed conveyor which may be activated to lift selected sheets from the infeed conveyor and deliver them onto an associated conveyor which serves to feed sheets to a second pile accumulating mechanism and which is supported in cantilevered arrangement on the supporting frame of the second pile accumulating mechanism and extends rearwardly thereof and above the first pile accumulating mechanism.

Abstract: A wraparound type carrier package for a group of bottles arranged in row relation and transversely aligned pairs, which carrier is especially adapted for use in marketing of bottled products, and which permits removal of the bottles without damaging the carrier and ready return of empty bottles therein so as to encourage return to the store or bottling plant for reuse or recycling, which is characterized by being formed from a flat blank of paper-board or similar foldable sheet material which is cut and scored so that it may be wrapped about the top and bottom of the bottles, with end margins of the end panels thereof being secured to each other, and with means to restrain endwise movement of the bottles out of the ends of the carrier while permitting ready removal of the bottles through apertures formed in the top wall, also having finger accommodating apertures in the top wall for carrying the package which are reinforced by underlying panels cut from material in the top wall and sidewalls in providing the

Abstract: A shadow box style carton for merchandise, such as a product packaged in a tube or bottle, which carton is formed from a single paperboard blank and which is in the form of a collapsible tube with end closure flaps and a partially open front or top through which at least part of the merchandise may be viewed, the carton having display receiving panels extending inwardly in diagonal planes from hinged connections at opposite sides of the opening and connected to an inside wall remote from the hinged connections so that space for the merchandise is provided which is flanked by display receiving panel space on each side of the merchandise.

Abstract: A tray-type container, particularly adapted for bakery products is disclosed which is formed with a single blank of paperboard and which comprises, when set up, a bottom wall forming panel with hingedly connected sidewall forming panels having narrow reinforcing flanges extending, in hinged relation outwardly along the top edges, the sidewall panels being held in upstanding relation to the bottom wall panel by integral web members connecting adjoining sidewall ends and folded so as to lie along an end margin of one of the connected sidewalls with an upwardly projecting locking tab on the top edge engaged in a cooperating locking slit cut on the hinge line between the one sidewall and its associated reinforcing flange.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in machines for cracking shell eggs and separating the yolks from the albumen which comprises a separating assembly having a top bowl-forming member for receiving the egg contents which is mounted above a bottom pan or tray for collecting the albumen, which bowl member is constructed to provide an open top portion into which the egg contents is adapted to be dumped and a bottom portion in which the yolk settles while the albumen is separated by draining into the bottom collecting pan through a specially formed slot in the upstanding wall of the bowl.

Abstract: A machine is disclosed for packaging a group of beverage bottles, or similar articles, in a wrap-around type blank of foldable sheet material which machine is characterized by a traveling conveyor onto which successive cut and scored blanks are fed and advanced through successive work areas where there are mechanisms for partially folding handle and wall forming panels into which the blanks are divided, which mechanisms include continuously traveling pairs of forming die members which are arranged to move into mating relation against opposite faces of successive blanks so as to fold certain of the panels while the blanks are advanced to a transporting conveyor which carries the partially folded blanks to an assembly area and deposits them on a group of bottles advancing on a bottle conveyor traveling beneath the blank transporting conveyor, mechanism at the assembly area which is operative to seat the partially folded blanks in telescoping relation on the bottles with the handle panels depending between pairs

Abstract: A packaging container which is die formed or stamped from a single blank of paperboard, or like material, and characterized by a pair of tray-like members, each having an outturned peripheral edge flange formation, with a hinge connection along one side so that the members may be closed upon each other with the edge flange formations overlying each other, and cooperating latching members formed in outward extensions of the flange portions along the side opposite the hinge connection which are engageable to securely hold the container members in closed condition and prevent accidental opening of the same when subjected to careless handling.

Abstract: A rail-type conveyor unit is disclosed for handling metal sheets or similar articles which is characterized by an elongate frame having sprocket assemblies at opposite ends on which are supported a pair of parallel, roller-type, endless chains, and having a series of electromagnets mounted in longitudinally spaced relation thereon which are operative for holding the sheets against padded cross members connecting the chains as the latter traverse a path along the bottom of the conveyor, the cross members being mounted on chain link pivot pins and the chain rollers riding on transversely spaced, track-forming rail members which constitute a part of depending extensions of the electromagnet pole members, and the electromagnet assemblies and associated rail members being arranged in the form of separate, longitudinally spaced units with connecting members of non-magnetic material.

Abstract: A berry box or basket and a method of forming the same from a rectangular blank of foldable stock material which is cut and scored to provide, when set up, a square bottom wall, side wall members slanted upwardly and outwardly therefrom with one pair thereof which are disposed opposite each other reinforced and rigidified by connecting glue flaps which are cut from the material at the corners of the blank and hinged to the vertical edges of the adjoining side wall members and which have top marginal portions folded down and secured to the face of the remainder of the flaps so as to stiffen and reinforce the top edge of the wall, and the top margins of the adjoining side wall members being reinforced by a folded down edge strip while the corners are reinforced by small tab members which are each integrally hinged to the edge reinforcing strip or flap on the adjoining wall member.

Abstract: A wraparound type carrier package for a group of bottles arranged in double row relation and transversely aligned pairs, which package is especially adapted for use in the marketing of bottled beverages and which is designed to satisfy railway requirements for shipping containers or packages of this type with respect to bottle separation, the package being formed from a flat blank of paperboard or similar foldable sheet material which is cut and scored so that it may be wrapped about the top and bottom of two rows of bottles and the ends of the blank overlapped and connected by cooperating interengaging locking elements, with one margin having an extension panel cut therein which is folded upwardly to a bottle separating position between upper portions of the bottles in the two rows and which is arranged to provide a double thickness of the wrapper material between the bottle areas which would otherwise be in contact.

Abstract: A method of gravure printing which comprises preparing a tone chart having tone scale images with known density values and known gradations between a series of steps between a deep shadow tone density value and a light shadow tone density value, etching a test tone cylinder to reproduce the tone chart and measuring and recording the cell geometry of each tone image on the test cylinder, placing the test cylinder on the press to be used and operating the press with ink and substrate selected for the copy to be reproduced, measuring the tone densities of the printed product samples obtained during the test run and recording this data along with the data on density values of the tone chart and the cell geometry of the test cylinder, determining from this data the tone scale and press operating conditions which will produce theoretically optimum reproduction on the press, preparing specifications, in terms of cell geometry, for engraving of production cylinders and preparing production cylinders according to the

Abstract: A container which is especially adapted for packaging products for shipment and a method of vacuum forming the same, as an integral unit, from sheet or web stock of a continuous plastic material so as to provide integrally connected wall sections which are adapted to hinge to product enclosing position and to support the product or a group of products in an inner portion of the double walled container, the contour of the inner walls being drawn, if desired, to conform to the contour of the product or products to be enclosed and there being spaced rib formations interposed between the walls of the inner container and the outer container which are drawn integrally with the inner or outer wall members and which serve to support the product containing portion of the inner container in spaced relation within the outer container.

Abstract: An apparatus for applying a longitudinal line or strip of marking material on a roadway which employs a fluid marking material and which provides spaced transverse strip areas of increased depth, the apparatus comprising a supply hopper for the marking material which opens at the rear to allow material to flow onto the roadway surface between spaced side edge defining members and a rear end plate member which is mounted for intermittent vertical reciprocation so as to provide for deposit of cross strips of the marking material which are of different depth or height. The end plate is also mounted for reciprocation longitudinally of the apparatus so as to push the marking material back into the hopper at the end of each section of the longitudinal strip.

Abstract: An orbital rotary piston-type internal combustion engine in which a series of pistons are mounted for co-operation on a pair of rotors which are carried on a drive shaft and travel in an annular combustion chamber, with associated pre-combustion chambers which are charged with rich fuel-air mixture while the annular combustion chamber is charged with a relatively lean fuel-air mixture, the mixture in the pre-combustion chambers being ignited by primary spark plugs and the expanding gas being forced through ports into the annular combustion chamber where secondary spark plugs adjacent the ports assist in more complete combustion and help force the pistons past exhaust ports, and with a variable ratio, overriding clutch-bearing for transmitting power from the rotors to the drive shaft, a solid state ignition system, a pressurized fuel injection system, a drive shaft mounted timing system and an electromagnetic controlled starting device, the disengagement of the latter being effected by means of an engine veloc

Abstract: A carton structure adapted to be fabricated of paperboard or other suitable foldable, sheet-like material and provided with a dispensing opening having a pouring spout arrangement which comprises an insert positioned on an inside wall near the top end of the carton with a pull tab extending through a transverse slot in the wall at the top of an area which is defined, at least, along one side, by a tearing line, which may be broken by pulling outwardly on the tab, and along an adjoining side by a hinge line thereby enabling the wall portion within the area to be hinged outwardly along with a wall portion of the insert, the latter being hingedly connected to a side wall forming portion of the insert which is pulled outwardly to a position where it forms a side wall of the pouring spout.

Abstract: An article carrier for bottled beverages or similar articles which is characterized by a generally rectangular blank of paperboard or similar foldable sheet material cut and scored so that it may be folded and its opposite ends connected to form a sleeve for encompassing a row assembly of the articles with connected side and end wall panels disposed about the sides and ends of the assembly, and having a pair of bottom wall forming panels hinged to the bottom edges of the side wall panels which are overlapped and connected to form the bottom wall, together with a pair of top wall panels hinged to the top edges of the side wall panels which are overlapped and connected to form a top wall. In one form of the carrier the end walls terminate short of the top wall and in another form thereof the end walls extend to the top wall to form a complete enclosure.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatically closing the end panels or flaps of cartons or carriers of the type which are in the form of a tube disposed over an assembly of bottles or the like, specifically, bottom loaded beverage bottle carriers or cartons, in which there is a conveyor means for advancing the carton and bottle assemblies along a path between oppositely disposed runs of horizontally disposed, traveling conveyors having panel engaging fingers which co-operate with associated plow members in closing the top end panels and in holding the same in properly aligned and closed position while overlapped margins are locked together by interengaging latching and locking elements thereon, together with fixed plow type members disposed along the path of advance of the assemblies for closing bottom wall forming panels and interengaging latching and locking elements on these panels so as to lock the same in bottom wall forming position.

Abstract: A collapsible carrier for bottled beverages which is formed from a blank of paperboad or similar material and which is cut and creased so that it may be folded and glued to provide, when set up, a bottom wall, upstanding side and end walls, and a handle and partition structure which includes a longitudinal center partition and cross straps extending on opposite sides thereof which divide the carrier into bottle receiving cells, the longitudinal partition including a handle portion at the top and inturned riser panels at the ends thereof which connect the same to the end walls. The carrier is collapsible on corner hinge lines with bottom wall forming panels extending from the side walls in disconnected relation and having interlocking elements for connecting these panels when the carrier is set up and the panels are moved into coplanar bottom wall forming relation.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of treating sea or land carbonaceous ore or reconstituted, formerly carbonaceous ore to recover therefrom noble metal values. If sea ore is used, noble metal containing composite organic material is first separated from any shells or sand that may be present. Flotation techniques are then utilized to form a carbonaceous concentrate, which is next mixed with a strong oxidizing agent. The mixture may either be heated to provide autogenously ignition or ignition may alternatively be accomplished by compounding the mixture into electrodes and using electric arc. If stoichiometric quantities of the oxidizing agent are used, the oxidation-reduction reaction, which consumes all carbon present, is of sufficient energy to drive the noble metals and/or their compounds into the vapor phase forming a particulate plasma, from which the elemental metals or their compounds may be condensed and/or precipitated.