Abstract: Herbicidal 3-(bicyclic heterocyclyl)-6-fuoroalkyluracils of the formula ##STR1## in which M is fluoroalkyl(C.sub.1-6); R is hydrogen, alkyl(C.sub.1-6), 2-alkynyl(C.sub.3-6); 2-alkenyl(C.sub.3-6,), or cyanoalkyl(C.sub.1-6); R.sup.1 is hydrogen or alkyl(C.sub.1-6); R.sup.2 is hydrogen or alkyl (C.sub.1-6); Y is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, or bromine; X is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, alkyl(C.sub.1-6), or fluoroalkyl(C.sub.1-6); and n is 0 or 1.

Abstract: Herbicidal compounds, compositions containing them, and a method for controlling weeds by application of the compositions are disclosed. The herbicidal compounds are 2-[(4-heterocyclic-phenoxymethyl)phenoxy]alkanoates of the formula ##STR1## in which A is a derivative of an alkanoate bonded to the phenoxy oxygen at the alpha carbon, and Q is 4-difluoromethyl-4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-l,2,4-triazol-5(1H)-on-1-yl, 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimid-1-yl, 1-(1-methylethyl)imidazolidin-2,4-dion-3-yl, 1,4-dihydro-4-(3-fluoropropyl)-5H-tetrazol-5-on-1-yl, 3-chloro-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindazol-2-yl, 4-methyl-l,2,4-triazine-3,5-dion-2-yl, 8-thia-1,6-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]-nonane-7-on-9-ylimino, or 1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-pyrimidinedione-3-yl; X is hydrogen, methyl, fluorine, or chlorine; Y is hydrogen; W is oxygen or sulfur; Z is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, lower alkyl, or methoxy; Z' is hydrogen, fluorine, or chlorine; and the group AO-- may be in the 2, 3, or 4-position of the phenyl ring.

Abstract: Herbicidal compounds, compositions containing them, and a method for controlling weeds by application of the compositions are disclosed. The herbicidal compounds are 2-(1-aryl-4-cyano-5-pyrazolylmethyleneiminooxy)alkanoic acid derivatives of the structure: ##STR1## in which R is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, or lower alkynyl, each optionally substituted with halogen, or CH(R.sup.1)--C(O)--Y--R.sup.2 ; R.sup.1 is hydrogen or lower alkyl; R.sup.2 is one of a variety of substituents; Y is O or NH; Z is lower alkyl or lower alkoxy; and Ar is 3-chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-2-pyridyl, 2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl, or 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl.

Abstract: Herbicidal compounds, compositions containing them, and a method for controlling weeds by application of the compositions is disclosed. The herbicidal compounds are 3-(1-substituted-quinolin-2-on-7-yl)-1-substituted-6-trifluoromethyluracil s and related quinolinyl compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, lower haloalkyl, lower cyanoalkyl, lower alkoxy, lower alkoxy lower alkylene, and benzyl; X is hydrogen or halogen; and Y is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower haloalkyl, halogen, lower alkoxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkythio, lower alkoxy lower alkylene, lower alkylthio lower alkylene, and hydroxy.

Abstract: The present application discloses herbicidal substituted-phenyl-1,2,4-Triazol-5(1H)-thiones and -ones, herbicidal compositions containing these compounds, methods of preparing them, and methods for controlling undesired plant growth by preemergence and/or postemergence application of the herbicidal compositions to the locus where control is desired. The herbicidal compounds are compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein: Ar is selected from ##STR2## R is selected from haloalkyl; R.sup.1 is selected from alkyl;R.sup.2 is selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, haloalkoxy, haloalkyl, alkoxy, alkynyl, alkylthio, nitro, amino and cyano;R.sup.3 is selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkynyl, nitro, amino, mono- or disubstituted amino, cyano and hydroxy;R.sup.3 is selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkynyl, nitro, amino, mono- or disubstituted amino, cyano and hydroxy;R.sup.

Abstract: Herbicidal compounds, compositions containing them, and a method for controlling weeds by application of the compositions are disclosed. The herbicidal compounds are 2-[(4-heterocyclic(phenoxymethyl)phenoxy]alkanoates of the formula ##STR1## in which A is a derivative of an alkanoate bonded to the phenoxy oxygen at the alpha carbon, and Q is 4-difluoromethyl-4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-5(1H)-on-1-yl, 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimid-1-yl, 1-(1-methylethyl)imidazolidin-2,4-dion-3-yl, 1,4-dihydro-4-(3-fluoropropyl)-5H-tetrazol-5-on-1-yl, 3-chloro-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindazol-2-yl, 4-methyl-1,2,4-triazine-3,5-dion-2-yl, 8-thia-1,6-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane-7-on-9-ylimino, or 1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-pyrimidinedione-3-yl; X is hydrogen, fluorine, or chlorine; Y is hydrogen; W is oxygen or sulfur; Z is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, lower alkyl, or methoxy; Z' is hydrogen, fluorine, or chlorine; and the group AO-- may be in the 2, 3, or 4-position of the phenyl ring.

Abstract: This application discloses herbicidal 1-arylpyrazoles, compositions containing them, methods of preparing them, and methods for controlling undesired plant growth by preemergent or postemergent application of the herbicidal compositions to the locus where control is desired. The herbicidal compounds have the following generic structure: ##STR1## in which Ar is ##STR2## R is chlorine, cyano, or nitro; R.sup.1 is a group --C(O)CR.sup.11 R.sup.12 --O--R.sup.13 in which R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 are independently hydrogen or alkyl; R.sup.13 is hydrogen, alkylcarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, phenylmethyl, or alkylaminosulfonyl; R.sup.2 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, or a group --C(O)CR.sup.11 R.sup.12 --O--R.sup.13 ; R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.6, R.sup.7 are independently hydrogen or halogen; R.sup.5 is halogen or haloalkyl; R.sup.8 is halogen; R.sup.9 is haloalkyl; R.sup.10 is hydrogen, halogen, or a group --NR.sup.14 R.sup.15 in which R.sup.14 is hydrogen or alkyl; R.sup.

Abstract: This application discloses herbicidal .beta.-pyrazolylacrylic acids, compositions containing them, methods of preparing them, and methods for controlling undesired plant growth by preemergent or postemergent application of the herbicidal compositions to the locus where control is desired. The herbicidal compounds have the formula ##STR1## in which X is chlorine or fluorine, X.sup.1 is hydrogen, chlorine, or fluorine, X.sup.2 is chlorine, fluorine, trifluoromethyl, or ethoxy, and X.sup.3 is hydrogen, chlorine, or fluorine; M is --CH--, --CF--, or --CCl--; and R.sup.1 is --CH.dbd.C(--R.sup.2)--C(.dbd.O)--Z--[S(O).sub.2 ].sub.n --R.sup.3 in which R.sup.2 is hydrogen or methyl; R.sup.3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or phenylmethyl optionally substituted with one or more of chlorine, bromine, fluorine, or methyl; Z is --O--, --S-- or --NR.sup.4 ; and n is 0 or 1; provided that when Z is --O-- or --S--, n is 0.

Abstract: This application discloses herbicidal 1-aryl-pyrazoles, compositions containing them, methods of preparing them, and methods for controlling undesired plant growth by preemergent or postemergent application of the herbicidal compositions to the locus where control is desired. The herbicidal compounds have the following generic structure: ##STR1## in which Ar is ##STR2## R is chlorine, cyano, or nitro; R.sup.1 is a group --C(O)CR.sup.11 R.sup.12 --O--R.sup.13 in which R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 are independently hydrogen or alkyl; R.sup.13 is hydrogen, alkylcarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, phenylmethyl, or alkylaminosulfonyl; R.sup.2 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, or a group --C(O)CR.sup.11 R.sup.12 --O--R.sup.13 ; R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.6, R.sup.7 are independently hydrogen or halogen; R.sup.5 is halogen or haloalkyl; R.sup.8 is halogen; R.sup.9 is haloalkyl; R.sup.10 is hydrogen, halogen, or a group --NR.sup.14 R.sup.15 in which R.sup.14 is hydrogen or alkyl; R.sub.

Abstract: The four isomer compound derived from racemic cis/trans-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid and (S)(cyano)(3-phenoxyphenyl) methanol is twice as effective as cypermethrin against certain insect species, but quite unexpectedly is significantly less toxic to mammals and certain species of fish at rates giving commercial control of target crop insects.

Abstract: Herbicidal aryltetrazolinones and thiones of the formula ##STR1## in which W is oxygen or sulfur; R is alkyl, fluoroalkyl, alkenyl, haloalkenyl, cyanoalkyl, alkylthioalkyl, haloalkoxyalkyl, trifluoromethylthio or alkoxyalkyl; one of X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 is fluorine, chlorine, or bromine and the other is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, alkyl, nitro or haloalkyl; and Z is a group selected from a variety of substituents including 2-propynyloxy as disclosed and exemplified.

Abstract: Crystalline pyrethroid isomers or enantiomer pairs are converted to more pesticidally active isomers by contacting a hydrocarbon slurry of the starting isomers with an epimerization agent selected from the group consisting of 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene, agitating the slurry while maintaining a temperature effective for conversion, and recovering the resulting isomers. The process typically is effective for enriching cypermethrin, and cyfluthrin.

Abstract: The present application discloses herbicidal substituted-phenyl-1,2,4-Triazole-5(1H)-thiones and -ones, herbicidal compositions containing these compounds, methods of preparing them, and methods for controlling undesired plant growth by preemrgence and/or postemergence application of the herbicidal compositions to the locus where control is desired. The herbicidal compounds are compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein Ar is selected from ##STR2## R is selected from haloalkyl; R.sup.1 is selected from alkyl;R.sup.2 is selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl haloalkoxy, haloalkyl, alkoxy, alkynyl, alkylthio, nitro, amino and cyano;R.sup.3 is selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkynyl, nitro, amino, mono- or disubstituted amino, cyano and hydroxyR.sup.3 is selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkynyl, nitro, amino, mono- or disubstituted amino, cyano and hydroxy;R.sup.

Abstract: Herbicidal aryloxyphenyltriazolinones compounds which are ring-substituted aryloxyphenyltriazolinones, such as compounds of the formula ##STR1## where Z is O, S, NH, or alkylamino; and where R.sup.2 is, for instance, C.sub.2 H.sub.5 OCO--CH(CH.sub.3)--O-- or CH.sub.3 SO.sub.2 --NH--CO--CH(CH.sub.3)--O--.

Abstract: Ethynylbenzothiophene compounds of the following formula are effective as pesticides. ##STR1## wherein R is selected from ##STR2## R.sup.1 is selected from hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl, lower haloalkyl, and phenylethynyl;R.sup.2 is selected from hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl, lower alkylthio, lower haloalkenyl, haloalkenylthio, phenyl lower alkenyl, formyl, lower alkoxycarbonyl, carboxy lower alkenyl, lower alkoxycarbonyl lower alkenyl, phenyl, 2-thienyl, and methylthien-2-yl;R.sup.3 is selected from alkyl, lower trialkylsilyl, lower haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkylcarbonyl, methylthien-2-yl, 2-thienyl, and benzothien-2-yl;R.sup.4 is selected from hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl, lower haloalkyl, lower alkoxy, lower haloalkylthio, lower alkoxycarbonyl, amino, and alkylcarbonylamino; andR.sup.5 is selected from hydrogen, lower alkyl and lower haloalkyl.

Abstract: The treatment of isomeric mixtures of cis/trans -3-(2,2-dihalo-3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid esters with excess base at elevated temperatures hydrolyzes the ester, dehydrohalogenates the side chain, and thereafter selectively converts the resulting unsaturated side chain of the corresponding trans-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid to an acetyl byproduct, from which may be readily separated and recovered an enriched concentration of the desired cis-2-halo-1-propenylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid, together with minor amounts of the corresponding transacid.

Abstract: Herbicidal compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which, for example, X is Br, Cl or F; Y is Cl or Br, R.sup.2 is CHF.sub.2, R.sup.3 is CH.sub.3, R is alkyl, dialkylamino, carboxymethyl, hydroxy, haloalkyl, or aryl, and R.sup.1 is H, Na, lower alkyl or --SO.sub.2 R.

Abstract: A mixture of isomers of cypermethrin or cyfluthrin enriched in the more insecticidally active c.sub.2 or t.sub.2 isomer, or both, is prepared by adding .alpha.-hydroxy-3-phenoxyphenylacetonitrile or its 4-fluoro analog to a refluxing solution of 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2-2-dimethylcyclopropanecarbonyl chloride in a hydrocarbon solvent boiling in the range of about 75.degree. to 115.degree. C. in an inert atmosphers, without an acid acceptor being present in the reaction mixture. The product is recovered by washing the reaction mixture with aqueous base.

Abstract: Novel synthesis of dihalovinylcyclopropanecarboxylates, including potent insecticides, are described. The processes begin with the reaction between an alkenol and an orthoester to produce a .gamma.-unsaturated carboxylate, followed by the catalyzed addition of a carbon tetrahalide to the double bond and dehydrohalogenation to produce a cyclopropane derivative.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for corn regeneration from tissue culture which comprises the steps of(a) culturing corn tissue on a callus induction medium comprising the hormone picloram, mineral salts, vitamins, and sucrose to produce embryogenic callus;(b) subculturing the embryogenic callus on a callus maintenance medium comprising the hormone picloram, mineral salts, vitamins, and sucrose for callus maintenance;(c) subculturing the embryogenic callus on regeneration medium comprising mineral salts, vitamins, and sucrose to produce plantlets; and(d) subculturing the plantlets on maturation medium comprising mineral salts, vitamins, and sucrose for root and shoot development.