Abstract: Novel acetylating and tritioacetylating reagents suitable for preparation of nonlabelled and radiolabelled organic compounds. N-acetoxynaphthalimide, N-tritioacetoxyphthalimide, N-tritioacetoxysuccinimide, N-tritioacetoxynaphthalimide and processes of their preparation. The invention also concerns synthesis of nonlabelled acetylated and tritioacetylated organic compounds from precursors containing a free --NH.sub.2, --SH or --OH group.

Abstract: A process for selective thermal oxidation of hydrocarbons adsorbed onto zeolite matrices. A highly selective thermal oxidation of unsubstituted or alkyl substituted alkanes, alkenes, aromatics and cycloalkyls is carried out in solvent free zeolites under dark thermal conditions. The process oxidizes hydrocarbons almost completely selectively without substantial production of byproducts.

Abstract: Novel insecticidal compounds, specifically avocadofurans and triolein, isolated from specialized idioblast cells of the avocado. Avocadofurans, 2-(tetradecyl)furan, 2-(pentadecyl)furan, 2-(hexadecyl)furan, 2-(heptadecyl)furan, 2-(octadecyl)furan, 2-(1E-pentadecenyl)furan, 2-(1Z-pentadecenyl)furan, 2-(8Z,11Z-heptadecadienyl)furan, and the triglyceride triolein possessing an insecticidal activity inhibiting larval growth. Insecticidal formulations suitable for control of S. exigua pest.

Abstract: Novel analogs of 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.sub.3 which are selective agonists for the genomic responses or agonists or antagonists for the rapid cellular responses in a wide array of diseases in which 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.sub.3 or its prodrugs are involved. Novel analogs have general formulae represented by compounds of groups I-V. A method for treatment and prevention of diseases connected with the endocrine system.

Abstract: Novel biomimetic hydrogel materials and methods for their preparation. Hydrogels containing acrylamide-functionalized carbohydrate, sulfoxide, sulfide or sulfone copolymerized with a hydrophilic or hydrophobic copolymerizing material selected from the group consisting of an acrylamide, methacrylamide, acrylate, methacrylate, vinyl and a derivative thereof present in concentration from about 1 to about 99 wt %. and methods for their preparation. The method of use of the new hydrogels for fabrication of soft contact lenses and biomedical implants.

Abstract: A method for treatment of diseases caused by deficiency or overproduction of the vitamin D.sub.3 metabolites by administering analogs of 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.sub.3. These analogs are selective agonists or antagonists for the genomic and rapid nongenomic cellular responses. A pharmaceutical composition comprising 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.sub.3 analog.

Abstract: Methods, devices, and compositions for treatment of dysmenorrhea comprise an intravaginal drug delivery system containing an appropriate pharmaceutical agent incorporated into a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier whereby the pharmaceutical agent is released into the vagina and absorbed through the vaginal mucosa to provide relief of dysmenorrhea. The drug delivery system can be a tampon device, vaginal ring, pessary, tablet, suppository, vaginal medicated tampon, vaginal sponge, bioadhesive tablet, bioadhesive microparticle, cream, lotion, foam, ointment, paste, solution or gel. The system delivers a higher concentration to the muscle of the uterus, the primary site for the dyskinetic muscle contraction, which is the pathophysiologic cause of dysmenorrhea.

Abstract: A method for treatment, prevention and containment of acute and chronic tuberculosis using a preservative-free concentrated tobramycin aerosol formulation delivering tobramycin to the lung endobronchial space including alveoli in an aerosol having mass medium average diameter predominantly between 1 to 5.mu.. The method comprises administration of tobramycin in concentration one to ten thousand times higher than the minimal inhibitory concentration of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A method for containment of and decreasing infectivity periods of tuberculosis patients to shorter periods of time.

Abstract: Peptides, polypeptides, glycoproteins, their functional mutants, variants, analogs, and fragments useful for treatment and detection/diagnosis of Cryptosporidium infections by competitive inhibition of the function of a Cryptosporidium protein/glycoprotein DNA and RNA encoding the Cryptosporidium protein/glycoprotein, mutants, variants and analogs and fragments thereof, and methods for production of recombinant or fusion proteins for use in treatment and detection/diagnosis.

Abstract: A therapeutic and prophylactic method for protection of heart or heart tissue by limiting metabolic and ionic abnormalities developed during, following or associated with ischemia by administering to a subject in need either a compound which reduces NADH/NAD.sup.+ ratio and stimulates glycolysis to produce ATP or a compound which inhibits cotransporter of sodium-potassium-chloride.

Abstract: The 136 labeled compounds chloroacetic acid (CA), chloroacetamide (CAM), and chloroactonitrile (CCN), have been synthesized, and provide the site reactivity probes (SRP) of the present disclosure. The reactivity of diverse environmental sites and samples, including activated sludge, dump sites, coastal marne water, soil, and lake sediments, have been assessed for site reactivity using the disclosed probes, and provide a useful and accurate index of the sites transformation potential and environmental profile. Methods of using these probes in the assessment of a sample from a desired environment are also disclosed. Application in health, remediation, and environmental profiling of a region may be provided with the various site reactivity probes described. Particular methods for assessing the effectiveness of remediation efforts and in gauging the effects of treatments to an environmental site are further particular applications of the technology disclosed herein.

Abstract: A TAR marker, method for detection and monitoring of HIV latency and activation and an assay for detection of the marker. The assay sensitively detects HIV transcription and monitors HIV transcriptional activity by detecting the presence of TAR fragments and full length transcripts, quantifying both and determining the ratio of short to long transcripts. A low ratio correlates with a latent-type transcriptional activity of HIV whereas the appearance of long transcripts signifies increased efficiency of transcriptional activity of HIV and the transition from latency to activation. The size difference between the TAR fragments appearing predominantly in latency and the full length transcripts appearing predominantly during the HIV activation is detected by RT-PCR assay that utilizes novel primers and probes. The obtained ratio is a sensitive tool in detection of HIV infection, the analysis of load of latent and active virus and monitoring the transition from the latent to active state of HIV replication.

Abstract: A therapeutic compound comprises a KGD-containing peptide, tandem repeats thereof, combinations thereof, or combinations thereof with an RGD-containing peptide or tandem repeats thereof, or peptide analogues or non-peptide organic analogues of the RGD and KGD tripeptides, and a pharmaceutical agent. A therapeutic composition comprises the compound of this invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. A polydeoxyribonucleotide comprises a DNA sequence, and a polyribonucleotide comprises an RNA sequence, encoding the compound of the invention, where the pharmaceutical agent is a peptide. A self-replicating DNA carries the polydeoxyribonucleotide described above and a transformed host cell comprises the self-replicating DNA. Therapeutic platelets are loaded with a therapeutic compound comprising a peptide comprising RGD or KGD, peptide analogues or organic analogues thereof, tandem repeats thereof, or combinations thereof, and a pharmaceutical agent operatively linked to the peptide.

Abstract: A corn rootworm/kairomone insect trap for capturing corn rootworm and other similar insects. A corn rootworm/kairomone trap comprises a capture top dome, a capture reservoir and a container containing a kairomone lure or bait. The trap is useful for corn, peanuts and leafy vegetables crop protection from corn rootworm or other insects.

Abstract: Vaccines, antibodies, proteins, glycoproteins, DNAs and RNAs useful for passive or active prophylaxis and treatment of Cryptosporidium infections. Cryptosporidium antigen comprised of a protein with or without carbohydrates attached thereto. Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies directed against the antigen. DNA and RNA encoding the Cryptosporidium antigen, mutants, variants and fragments thereof.

Abstract: A method for gene therapy using small fragment homologous replacement. The method introduces small fragments of exogenous DNA into regions of endogenous genomic DNA virtually homologous to the exogenous DNA. The exogenous DNA fragments contains sequence modification that correct mutations in the endogenous DNA or introduce mutations that alter cellular or an infecting pathogen phenotype.

Abstract: A method for doping semiconductors used for far infrared lasers with non-hydrogenic acceptors having binding energies larger than the energy of the laser photons. Doping of germanium or silicon crystals with beryllium, zinc or copper. A far infrared laser comprising germanium crystals doped with double or triple acceptor dopants permitting the doped laser to be tuned continuously from 1 to 4 terahertz and to operate in continuous mode. A method for operating semiconductor hole population inversion lasers with a closed cycle refrigerator.

Abstract: An encapsulating apparatus comprising a spinning cup adjustably rotatable about its central axis for forming droplets and projecting them radially outward, and one or more collection basins surrounding the bead forming spinning cup independently rotatable and positioned to collect the beads projected from the cup. The method for forming tissue microcapsules using the spin disk encapsulation apparatus wherein a supply mixture is introduced into a mixing chamber of the cup from a single, multiple or concentric needles. As the cup spins, the coated particles are propelled upward by the centrifugal force from the mixing chamber along the inner surface of the cup, projected radially outward, as beads, into the gelling solution in one of the selected basins.

Abstract: A zero-order sustained-release delivery system for delivery of carbamazepine. A matrix tablet formulations of carbamazepine comprising hydrophilic polymer gel which inhibits transformation of carbamazepine into carbamazepine dihydrate by causing morphologic changes of carbamazepine crystals and results in amorphous form of carbamazepine present in the polymer matrix.

Abstract: A method for determination of .sup.18 O/.sup.16 O and .sup.2 H/.sup.1 H ratios and .sup.3 H concentrations of xylem and subsurface waters using time series sampling, insulating sampling chambers, and combined .sup.18 O/.sup.16 O, .sup.2 H/.sup.1 H and .sup.3 H concentration data on transpired water. The method involves collecting water samples transpired from living plants and correcting the measured isotopic compositions of oxygen (.sup.18 O/.sup.16 O) and hydrogen (.sup.2 H/.sup.1 H and/or .sup.3 H concentrations) to account for evaporative isotopic fractionation in the leafy material of the plant.