Abstract: The invention comprises a Cryptosporidium hybrid vector comprising a regulatory DNA segment operably coupled to a DNA fragment encoding a polypeptide to which anti-Cryptosporidium antibodies specifically bind and transformed host cells comprising the hybrid vectors.

Abstract: An electrostatic process for coating a biological material with a uniform, continuous polymer layer by discharging a suspension of the biological material in a gellable coating polymer solution in a continuous stream through an orifice. The stream is attenuated to form droplets by maintaining an electrostatic voltage between the needle and the gelling solution which is sufficient to maintain an attraction of at least 1.times.10.sup.6 newtons on the stream of liquid leaving the needle, and the droplets are collected in a gelling solution. A preferred product is pancreatic islets having a continuous, smooth coating of high polymannuronate non-fibrogenic alginate having a thickness of at least 10 .mu.m.

Abstract: Angiographic vascular occlusion agents comprising a biopolymer alone or in combination with platelet-rich plasma. A liquid biopolymer gels in situ in contact with divalent cations. Biopolymer agent achieves permanent occlusion, biopolymer combined with the platelet-rich plasma achieves temporary or semi-permanent occlusion. The plasma is obtained from the patient's own blood to avoid undesirable immunogenic reactions. The occlusion agents have strong occlusive properties when injected into a bleeding vessel.

Abstract: A method for sustained and extended corneal analgesia by repeated administration of ophthalmic analgesic solutions or preparations containing ultralow nontoxic subanesthetic concentrations of local anesthetic agents. A method for corneal analgesia has a fast onset of pain relief and extended duration of the corneal analgesia for several months without accompanying toxic symptoms by administering to a patient an ophthalmic analgesic solution containing a local anesthetic agent in ultralow concentration between about 0.001% and about 0.05%.

Abstract: Milk derived whey protein-based microencapsulating agents and a method for microencapsulation of volatile or non-volatile core materials. Milk derived whey protein concentrates or whey protein isolate alone or in admixture with other milk or non-milk derived products are used for microencapsulation of active ingredients cores. Whey proteins microencapsulated cores are easy to handle and store, have higher stability, protect the encapsulated core from deteriorating factors, prevent evaporation of volatile cores, transform liquid cores into free flowing powders, and provide greater versatility of microencapsulated products.

Abstract: A method for multiple layer coating of biological tissue and cells for transplantation. The cell or tissue transplants are coated with multiple coatings of purified alginate. The method includes applying the first coat of sodium alginate gelled with divalent cations followed by optional treatment with strontium, barium or other divalent cation, resuspending the single coated droplets in sodium alginate and forming the halo layer around the first coating via exchange or diffusion of divalent cations from the single coating to the surrounding soluble alginate, removing the excess coating and gelling the remaining thin layer of soluble alginate with divalent cations. The coated transplants have distinct structure where biological tissue or cell core is covered with the first alginate coat, which is surrounded by an intermediate halo layer which is covered by the outer coating.

Abstract: A marker and method for detection and monitoring of HIV latency and activation and an assay for detection of the marker. The assay sensitively detects HIV transcription and monitors HIV transcriptional activity by detecting the presence of short and long transcripts, quantifying both and determining the ratio of short to long transcripts. Short transcripts are abundant and a low ratio correlates with a latent-type transcriptional activity of HIV whereas the appearance of long transcripts signifies increased efficiency of transcriptional activity of HIV and the transition from latency to activation. The size difference between the TAR fragments appearing predominantly in latency and the full length transcripts appearing predominantly during the HIV activation is detected by RT-PCR assay that utilizes novel primers and probes. The results are expressed as a ratio of short to long transcripts.

Abstract: Antiinflammatory and antineoplastic 5-deazaaminopterins and 5,10-dideazaaminopterins and their 5 and 10 alkyl analogs. A method for the treatment and prevention of inflammatory disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis, and for suppression and prevention of neoplastic growth in tumors and in blood forming tissues. A process for preparation of 10-deazaaminopterins.

Abstract: Cell or tissue transplant coated with an insoluble immunological barrier comprising a noncytotoxic first layer of a gellable organic polymer and a cationic polymer and a second noncytotoxic, water-soluble, semi-permeable layer chemically bonded to the first layer. A method for coating the cell or tissue with the insoluble immunologically inert barrier.

Abstract: Spherical microcapsules containing biological material such as tissue or living cells are formed with a diameter of less than 300 .mu.m using a microcapsule generating system containing an air knife. The air knife is formed by an air sleeve positioned eccentrically around a needle. An encapsulating material such as an alginate solution containing the biological material to be encapsulated is forced through the needle, while pressurized air is introduced into the air sleeve and flows out an end opening of the sleeve in which the needle is positioned. The pressurized air breaks up the alginate being discharged from the needle. The resultant alginate droplets fall into a collecting tank where they contact a gelling medium, such as CaCl.sub.2, so that the outer surface of these droplets harden and microcapsules are formed. In addition to being eccentrically positioned to facilitate very small droplet formation, the needle preferably has a beveled, pointed discharge end surface to enhance droplet size reduction.

Abstract: A novel water-resistant, aqueous, and versatile phenolic adhesive or glue derived from algal materials. Phenolic compounds act as an adhesive glue by binding non-specifically to both hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces in aqueous conditions and are useful for medical, biological, biomedical, marine, industrial and other applications. Algal derived adhesive phenolic compounds are activated with enzyme catalyst or oxidizing agents and/or cross-linked with algal carbohydrate, other fibers, or proteins.

Abstract: A method for in situ dissolution of an alginate coating from transplants containing biological tissue cores by administering to a transplant's recipient a physiologically acceptable chelating agent in an amount sufficient to dissolve the alginate coating. The method allows in situ removal of the coating and deactivation of the transplant by rejection of its core by the host immune system without the necessity to perform a surgery.

Abstract: Autologous platelet-rich plasma and a biocompatible polymer containing hemostatic adhesive agents. The agents have strong hemostatic properties when applied to a bleeding wound or vessel.

Abstract: An aminoglycoside formulation for delivery by aerosolization. The concentrated aminoglycoside formulation containing an efficacious amount of aminoglycoside able to inhibit 95-100% of susceptible bacteria. Aminoglycoside formulated in 5 ml solution of a quarter normal saline having pH between 5.5 and 6.5. The method for treatment of endobronchial infections by a produced by a formulation delivered as an aerosol having mass medium average diameter predominantly between 1 to 5 .mu., produced by a jet or ultrasonic nebulizer.

Abstract: A method for control, management and inhibition of a preterm labor by providing to a pregnant woman a donor of nitric oxide. Management and inhibition of preterm labor is achieved by administering to a pregnant woman a nitric oxide or donor source in a safe and non-toxic concentration during the preterm labor.

Abstract: Novel photosensitizers related to rhodoporphyrins and phylloerythrin methyl ester, their preparation and use as photosensitizers for detection and treatment of tumors by photodynamic therapy. The novel photosensitizers accumulate and concentrate preferentially in tumor tissue, have strong light absorption in the 650 to 700 nm region and have reduced skin phototoxicity.