Abstract: Disclosed are head bands comprising a sliver of spontaneously wettable staple fibers. The fibers are of an irregular, grooved shape in cross section and are lightly bound together to permit easy separation into suitable lengths for head bands.

Abstract: In a process for producing a profile by profile extrusion of a thermoplastic resin, a melt of the thermoplastic resin is extruded through a die to form the profile. The process is improved by utilizing a thermoplastic resin having a composition of from about 99.95 to about 98.0 weight percent amorphous or semicrystalline polyester and from about 0.05 to about 2.0 weight percent of a zinc salt of an organic acid. The improvement of the process is either by increasing speed or decreasing temperature of a profile extrusion process already operating at a maximum speed and/or temperature with experiencing melt fracture. When melt fracture is present in the profile extrusion process, a method for reducing melt fracture in a profile is accomplished by combining from about 99.95 to about 98.0 weight percent amorphous or semicrystalline polyester and from about 0.05 to about 2.

Abstract: The preparation of aromatic ketones substituted with a thioether group at the ortho position is accomplished by the initial reaction of an aromatic nucleus substituted with a halide and an ortho nitro group with a nitroalkane in the presence of a hydroxide base. The resulting ortho-nitroalkyl nitroarene compound is converted to the corresponding ortho-nitroaryl ketone by an oxidative Nef reaction. The aromatic nitro group of the ortho-nitroaryl ketone is replaced with a thioether group by reaction with a thiolate anion, most preferably under phase-transfer conditions. Aromatic ketones may be used to prepare various pharmaceutical and herbicidal compounds.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for producing molded, shaped or extruded articles comprising the steps of:a) melt reacting, in the presence of a catalyst which is substantially free of Co compounds, at least one glycol and at least one dicarboxylic acid to form a polyester having an I.V. of at least about 0.5 dL/g, wherein said at least one glycol is selected from the group consisting of glycols having up to 10 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof and said dicarboxylic is selected from the group consisting of alkyl dicarboxylic acids having 2 to 16 carbon atoms, aryl dicarboxylic acids having 8 to 16 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof;b) adding an acetaldehyde reducing additive to said polyester to form a reduced acetaldehyde polyester; andc) forming said reduced acetaldehyde polyester into articles directly from step b.Thus, the present invention provides a process for directly producing from the melt article having extremely low acetaldehyde content.

Abstract: The invention relates to a copolyester, having (a) a repeat unit of a dicarboxylic acid component, having from 80 to 100 mole % terephthalic acid or the corresponding ester thereof, and from 0 to 20 mole % of a modifying aromatic dicarboxylic acid having less than or equal to 20 carbon atoms or the corresponding ester thereof, wherein the total mole % of dicarboxylic acid component is equal to 100 mole %; and (b) a repeat unit of a glycol component, having from 5 to 85 mole % 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, ethylene glycol of from 15 to 95 mole %, and at least 1 mole % of a modifying glycol having from 3 to 16 carbon atoms, wherein the total mole % of glycol component is equal to 100 mole %. The invention also relates to a method of making the copolyester described above. The invention also relates to articles made from the copolyesters described above. The invention further relates to a method of determining the melt strength and sag of a polyester.

Abstract: The preparation of aromatic ketones substituted with a thioether group at the ortho position is accomplished by the initial reaction of an aromatic nucleus substituted with a halide and an ortho nitro group with a nitroalkane in the presence of a hydroxide base. The resulting ortho-nitroalkyl nitroarene compound is converted to the corresponding ortho-nitroaryl ketone by an oxidative Nef reaction. The aromatic nitro group of the ortho-nitroaryl ketone is replaced with a thioether group by reaction with a thiolate anion, most preferably under phase-transfer conditions. Aromatic ketones may be used to prepare various pharmaceutical and herbicidal compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed is a select class of liquid crystalline polyesters and molding compositions comprising the polyesters and glass fiber. The liquid crystalline polyesters consist essentially of (1) diacid residues consisting essentially of (i) cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid residues and (ii) other diacid residues selected from terephthalic acid residues, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid residues, or a mixture thereof; (2) diol residues consisting essentially of hydroquinone residues, 4,4'-biphenol residues or a mixture thereof; and, optionally, (3) p-hydroxybenzoic acid residues. In the above definition, the moles of diol residues are equal to the moles of diacid residues and the total of the (1), (2) and (3) mole percentages is equal to 100. The liquid crystalline polyesters have melting points determined by differential scanning calorimetry equal to or less than 375.degree. C.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of cyclopropylglycine by a 5-step process wherein cyclopropanecarboxaldehyde is reacted with an .alpha.-aminoalkylaromatic compound to obtain an imine which is reacted with a cyanide to produce an aminonitrile compound; the aminonitrile compound is hydrolyzed to the corresponding aminocarboxylic acid and finally the arylalkyl residue is removed from the amino group by hydrogenolysis.

Abstract: Homopolymers of olefin monomers having polar functional groups, and copolymers of these monomers with each other and with non-polar olefins and optionally carbon monoxide are disclosed. The polymers can be prepared by contacting the corresponding monomers with a transition metal catalyst under comparatively mild conditions; this preserves at least some of the polar functional groups in the resulting polymer. The polymers are suitable for processing in conventional extrusion processes, and can be formed into high barrier sheets or films, or low molecular weight resins for use in synthetic waxes in wax coatings or as emulsions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the recovery of naphthalenedicarboxylic acid (NDA) from polyester materials prepared from and/or containing residues of NDA such as a poly(alkylene naphthalenedicarboxylate). In one embodiment, the process comprises contacting a polyester material prepared from and/or containing residues of NDA with water at a temperature of about 125 to 400.degree. C. in a pressured vessel to obtain an aqueous slurry of NDA and recovering the NDA. A second embodiment of the process comprises contacting such a polyester with an aqueous, alkali metal base solution to obtain an aqueous solution of a di-alkali metal naphthalenedicarboxylate salt, then neutralizing the aqueous solution with an acid to obtain an aqueous slurry or dispersion of NDA and recovering the NDA. The process is particularly useful for recovering 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid (2,6-NDA) from poly(ethylene naphthalenedicarboxylate) polyesters.

Abstract: The present invention is an elastomeric polyolefin terpolymer comprising about 5 to 25 weight percent ethylene units, from greater than about 5 to about 40 weight percent hexene units, and about 35 to less than about 90 weight percent propylene units, wherein the total weight percent of monomer units equals 100 percent. The high molecular weight terpolymer is amorphous, is elastomeric, has a melt flow rate of about 0.01 to 500 grams per 10 minutes and has a tensile set of about 65 to 120 percent, according to ASTM D-412.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polyester-platelet particle composite compositions comprising about 0.01 to about 25 weight percent platelet particles dispersed in at least one polyester wherein said composition has an I.V. of greater than about 0.55 dl/g, low shear melt viscosity greater than about 30,000 poise and a gas permeability which is at least 10% lower than that of unmodified polyester and processes for producing same.

Abstract: A composition comprising a hot melt adhesive; and a coating for the adhesive comprising cellulose acetate butyrate, wherein the cellulose acetate butyrate is coated on the hot melt adhesive, and a method to prevent blocking of hot melt adhesives comprising coating cellulose acetate butyrate on at least a portion of the surface of a hot melt adhesive.

Abstract: A novel process for making an alkylpolyglycoside comprises reacting a monosaccharide with an alcohol in the presence of a binary sulfate catalyst under heat. The particular binary sulfate catalyst is a mixture of H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 and inorganic base at a normal ratio of about 0.7:1 to 1.1:1 of H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 to inorganic base. Also the alkylpolyglycoside product from the reaction mixture can be isolated so that the alkylpolyglycoside process contains less than 5 weight percent free alcohol, and further separated into a white, free flowing powder of high DP (degree of polymerization) alkylpolyglycoside and a low DP alkylpolyglycoside paste.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the production of cyclopropylmethyl halides (CPMX) such as cyclopropylmethyl chloride (CPMCl) and cyclopropylmethyl bromide (CPMBr) wherein cyclopropanemethanol (CPMO) is contacted with an aqueous solution of a hydrogen halide (HX) at a temperature in the range of -30.degree. C. to 35.degree. C. Also disclosed is a three-step process wherein CPMO is converted to a CPMX, the CPMX is separated as a liquid organic phase from the aqueous hydrogen halide by decantation and then is subjected to fractional distillation to provide CPMX in high purity. Finally, a process for the co-production of a CPMX and a cyclobutyl halide (CBX) is disclosed.

Abstract: A poly(hydroxy ester ether) is prepared by reacting a) a diacid containing a hetero moiety of the formula:HO.sub.2 CCH.sub.2 X(RX).sub.y CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 Hwherein X is selected from the group consisting of --O--, --S--, and NH; y is the whole number 0 or 1; and R is selected from the group consisting of an aromatic moiety and a heterocyclic moiety having from 6 to 30 carbon atoms; andb) a diglycidyl ether generally represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.2 is an aromatic moiety or divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon having 2 to 20 carbon atoms. Films, articles and laminations made from the composition exhibit an oxygen permeability of less than about 8 cc-mil/100 in.sup.2 -24 hour-atmosphere. The present invention is further directed to a miscible blend having the poly(hydroxy ester ether) of the present invention and a second component selected from a saturated polyester of an aromatic diacid, such as PET and PEN.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a stretch wrapping process wherein a roll of film is unwound and stretched, at a speed up to about 70 meters per minute, and the film is wrapped about the girth of a unitized plurality of goods, with the overlapping layers of film being held together by cling force. The film used in the present process is produced from a composition comprising about 85 to about 99 weight percent of a polymeric ethylenic containing component having a density no greater than 0.94 g/cc, and about 1 to about 15 weight percent of a propylene polymer comprising 0 to about 40 weight percent olefin comonomer units having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and from about 60 to about 100 weight percent propylene.

Abstract: Disclosed is a continuous process for the production of 3,4-diacetoxy-1-butene (DAcB) by the reaction of 3,4-epoxy-1-butene (EpB) with acetic anhydride (Ac.sub.2 O) in the presence of potassium acetate (KOAc) wherein the KOAc is formed in situ by contacting EpB, acetic anhydride and a potassium salt selected from potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, potassium hydroxide or a mixture of any two or more thereof at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising platelet particles treated with at least one polyalkoxylated ammonium salt comprising at least one polyalkoxylated group consisting of greater than 5 repeating alkyl oxide groups. The treated particles of the present invention display particularly good dispersion when incorporated into various polyester compositions at concentrations up to about 25 weight %. Also disclosed is a process incorporating said treated platelet particles into a polyester and for forming said treated platelet particles.

Abstract: A polyester resin composition is calendered to produce a film or a sheet. The polyester resin composition is a polyester having a crystallization half time from a molten state of at least 5 minutes combined with an additive for preventing sticking of the polyester to calendering rolls.