Abstract: A topography simulation method using the Monte Carlo method is provided, which simulates the post-etching topography of a plasma-assisted etching process affected by different etching species such as the ion-assisted etching process. (a) A bulk- and/or sheath-plasma region is/are analyzed using a first random number, calculating a species energy of an incoming species. (b) A sort of the incoming species toward a minute surface region of a target material is selected using a second random number based on the species energy calculated in the step (a). (c) An absorption state of the incoming species with atoms of the target material on the minute surface region of the target material is selected using a third random number based on the species energy in the step (a) and the sort of the incoming species selected in the step (b).

Abstract: In floating substance removing, collecting and treating method and apparatus capable of securely separating and collecting floating substances floating on a water surface without adversely affecting an ecological system regardless of the type and state of the floating substances, a permeable sheet 4 is successively or intermittently moved through a drive unit 5 so as to traverse the treating water P taken from an intake port 3 and at the same time the treating water P is forcibly moved relatively to the permeable sheet 4. Accordingly, floating substances F on the water surface can be effectively collected by being deposited on and separated from the permeable sheet 4, whereby filtered clean water can be obtained.

Abstract: Electronic odor detecting device (electronic nose) provided with a number of sensors. The gas that is to be subjected to the detection is brought to pass a number of similar or different sensors distributed on a surface. Between the sensors or actually extending between and past the sensors is a catalyst. The catalyst may be arranged on an opposing wall in a detection cell or in the same surface as the sensors. Constituents of the gas that react with the catalyst result in a different signal pattern for the sensors, depending on their location in relation to the catalyst. Since different substances in the gas will react with different rates in the presence of the catalyst, the sensed pattern will change along the catalytic surface. This makes it possible to evaluate a gas mixture with great precision and with a more limited number of sensors in comparison to prior art.

Abstract: A magnetic head slider in a magnetic disc drive system has a contact pad on a liquid bearing surface of the slider which bears on liquid applied on the magnetic disc. Each molecule of the liquid has at least two-polar groups for bridging the contact pad and the magnetic disc by intermolecular force. The bridging prevents the magnetic head slider from jumping over the magnetic disc.

Abstract: A computerized data processing system and method are provided. One embodiment of the system of the present invention includes a computer-readable memory for storing a definitional data table for defining variable symbols representing respective measurable physical phenomena. The definitional data table uniquely defines the variable symbols by relating them to respective data domains for the respective phenomena represented by the symbols. The system also includes a comparator for signaling existence of a match condition if both a symbolic description in an object instance describing at least one measured phenomenon matches one of the variable symbols in the table and an actual value, also in the object instance, of the at least one measured phenomenon conforms to a respective data domain defining the one variable symbol in the table.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coating powder and method for its production. Said powder can be used in many technical fields, specially in machine and vehicle construction in chemical and petro-chemical installations. This coating powder has a hardmetal-like microstructure and consists of two cubic hard material phases, each of them representing a nucleus-external surface structure of a hard material particle. The hard material phase in the nucleus contains mostly Ti and C and the hard material phase in the external surface mostly Ti, a second metal and C, which are embedded in a binder phase containing at least one or more elements such as Ni, Co and Fe. According to the invention, said coating powder is characterized by the fact that no additional alloying element exists either in the hard material phase, in the binder phase or in both phases simultaneously.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display apparatus including two electrodes and a twisted-mode type liquid crystal layer inserted between the electrodes, an electric field in the liquid crystal layer between the electrodes is changed within one pixel, when a voltage is applied between the electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for regulating the temperature of the scalp of a person undergoing chemotherapy or like treatment, for instance. The apparatus comprising a head covering (1) that includes a plurality of chambers (4) that extend from the edge (5) of the head covering up towards the crown (7) of said covering, such that the coolant inlets (9) are located at the bottom of the head covering in the vicinity of its edge (5) and the outlets (10) are located at the top of the head covering in the vicinity of its crown (7).

Abstract: A driver bit and a driving tool having a plurality of projections formed on at least one surface of the shank portion/driving portion of the bit/tool to retain the bit in a bit holder, or to retain a socket or the like on the driving tool. The projections are formed such that the geometric envelope of the bit is within the tolerance of the bit holder, so that the bit can be used with standardized holders. When torque is applied to the bit or driving tool, the projections engage the inner surface of a standardized holder/socket, thereby retaining the bit/socket.

Abstract: An output buffer includes a p-channel transistor, and first and second n-channel transistors. The p-channel transistor has one of a source and drain which is connected to power supply and the other which is connected to an output node connected to an output terminal. The first n-channel transistor has one of a source and drain which is grounded and the other which is connected to the output node. The second n-channel transistor is series-connected to the p-channel transistor between a power supply and the output node and receives at a gate a power supply potential level which rises at substantially the same time as the power supply upon ON operation.

Abstract: There is provided a method of forming an electrically conductive wiring pattern, including the steps of patterning a resist on a substrate so that the resist has at least one recess where an electrically conductive wiring is to be formed, the substrate appearing in the recess, the resist being composed of silicon dioxide particles having a diameter of 5 .mu.m or smaller and epoxy acrylate having a fluorene skeleton, etching the resist by plasma-ashing so that the silicon dioxide particles appear on a surface of the resist, forming a metal film over both the resist and the substrate appearing in the recess, and removing the metal film formed on the resist by removing the silicon dioxide particles appearing on a surface of the resist.

Abstract: Support comprising electrodes covered by a deposit and a system for reading this support. This support comprising a substrate (22) and electrodes (24) on this substrate, at least one of these electrodes being designed to be covered by a deposit capable of recognizing and capturing molecule-targets that are sensitive to a first light and that are capable of emitting a second light when they are excited by the first light. The substrate and electrodes are transparent to at least the first or the second light. The system comprises a light source (60) emitting the first light and means (62) of detecting the second light. Application to biological sensors.

Abstract: To provide a check pattern whereby whether via-hole openings are made correctly or not can be examined without needing high precision positioning of the via-holes, a check pattern of the invention comprises: a check wiring (3) configured on a semiconductor substrate (2), an insulation film (4) formed on the semiconductor substrate (2) to cover the check wiring; and a pair of via-holes (6) each configured at each end of the check wiring (3), said each (6) positioned slightly shifted inversely with each other from a center line in a width direction of the check wiring (3), and a bottom of said each (6) being positioned to traverse both the check wiring (3) and the insulation film (4).

Abstract: A delay test system includes an electronic circuit, such as a normal circuit which has a portion to be tested and a plurality of flip-flop circuits. In this event, each of flip-flop circuits is serially connected to each other to perform a delay test for said normal circuit. Further, a first clock input terminal is connected to the flip-flips and a normal circuit to input a normal mode clock signal. Moreover, a second clock input terminal is connected to the flip-flop circuits and the normal circuit to input a test clock signal. With such a structure, an input and output operation of data signals is carried out in synchronism with edge timings determined by both the normal mode clock signal in the normal mode on the condition that the test clock signal is not supplied to the second clock input terminal. On the other hand, the first and second clock input terminals are separately driven by the normal mode clock signal and the teat clock signal in the test mode.

Abstract: A lamp annealer for heating and annealing product wafers loaded into a chamber by a lamp means. The lamp annealer comprises a first chamber for loading product wafers, a second chamber disposed adjacent to the first chamber for loading only a dummy wafer, a pyrometer means for measuring a temperature of a wafer in the first chamber and a temperature of a wafer in the second chamber, and a lamp means for heating the wafer in the first chamber and the wafer in the second chamber. Periodically, dummy wafers are loaded into the first and second chambers, temperatures of the dummy wafer in the first chamber and the dummy wafer in the second chamber which are both heated by the lamp means are measured by the pyrometer means, and, when product wafers are annealed, intensity of light of the lamp is compensated based on a difference between the temperatures.

Abstract: An apparatus for separating floating and non-floating particulates from drain water wherein the apparatus includes a first chamber for collecting non-floating particulates, a second chamber for collecting floating particulates, and a third chamber through which treated drain water can be discharged from the apparatus. An inlet pipe for introducing drain water into the first chamber is provided tangential to the first chamber to provide a vortex flow of drain water into the first chamber, and an outlet pipe providing flow of drain water from the first chamber to the second chamber has an inlet at the vortex of drain water flow in the first chamber.

Abstract: There is provided a method of fabricating a multi-layered printed wiring board, including the steps of (a) forming a multi-layered substrate with a hole which will make a blind via-hole, (b) plating the multi-layered substrate, (c) forming an internal layer circuit pattern and an external layer circuit pattern, (d) laying one multi-layered substrate on another, (e) forming a product of the step (d) with a through-hole, (f) covering surfaces of a product of the step (e) including an inner wall surface of the through-hole with an electrically conductive film, (g) forming a resist in an area other than the through-hole, (h) plating the inner wall surface of the through-hole, (i) removing the resist, and (j) removing the electrically conductive film formed on the surfaces of the product of the step (e).