Abstract: An ion generator capable of producing a quantity of negative electrically charged ions comprises a container for a liquid including H.sub.2 O. A stirrer or pump imparts controlled rotation to the liquid, while maintaining continuous surface tension on the liquid surface.

Abstract: An enclosed golf bag with a protective cap that rotates relative to a fixed outer bag surface and stationary golf clubs contained therein is provided. An opening in the cap permits access to one or more clubs.

Abstract: A broach has replaceable cutting inserts. The inserts are supported to have equal hook and rake angles of about 11.degree. to 14.degree.. A method of producing the broach in a simplified milling setup is described.

Abstract: Detector of angular position comprising a stator (1) and a toothed rotor (3) in relative rotation. The stator (1) has magnetoresistors (M1 through M8) in pairs and preferably numbering four or a multiple of four. The magnetoresistors in each pair are almost diametrically opposed and in electrical phase opposition to eliminate magnetic torques on the rotor (3). The use of at least two pairs allows a useful signal to be easily obtained for all angles if the signals of the pairs are out of phase at a 90.degree. electrical angle. The detector provides a very high degree of precision, strength and low energy consumption.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gaseous phase chemical treatment reactor for wafers. The aim of the invention is to produce a reactor in which only the face of the wafer to be treated is in fact treated. This aim is achieved with the aid of a reactor comprising at least one treatment chamber (19) located within a main chamber (9) and connected by one of its ends to means (17) for injecting a treatment gas onto a wafer (1) and by its other end to a means (15) for securing said wafer, in that the latter is gripped between a heating susceptor or base (13) and the retaining means (15) in such a way as to seal said treatment chamber (19) and maintain within the latter a pressure below that of the main chamber (9). The invention more particularly relates to reactors for depositing tungsten on silicon wafers.

Abstract: A Type II superconducting alloy which is superconducting at a predetermined high magnetic field is prepared by creating a composite having a periodic arrangement of at least two transition metals so as to provide numerous interfaces between the different transition metals including niobium, titanium, zirconium, vanadium, hafnium, and tantalum, and alloys thereof. The combination of transition metals is such that one of the metals will serve as a second phase when the layers are subjected to temperatures which would produce a two-phase equilibrium state from a solid solution alloy of the transition metals. The composite is mechanically reduced and heated to cause interdiffusion of the transition metals to form ductile superconducting alloy zones at the interfaces of the transition metals.

Abstract: A system for spraying accurately controlled quantities of a liquid mixture of two or more fluids from a plurality of fixedly positioned spray nozzles is disclosed. The nozzles are spaced to provide a substantially uniform flow pattern over a predetermined width. The fluids are supplied to separate manifolds and are distributed to the nozzles by separate feed lines running from the manifolds. All of the feed lines from a given manifold are of equal length to maintain essentially identical pressure drops. A holding tank is provided in the line between a fluid supply and its manifold to provide a fixed static pressure head from which to draw fluid.

Abstract: Hybrid circuit formed of two circuits (1, 2) combined by spherical balls (10) with electric connection.The conductive tracks (6) the balls (10) connect do not adhere to the circuits (1, 2) at portions (11) situated around the balls (10). As a result, these portions (11) may be safely removed and the balls (10) are able to roll onto the circuits (1, 2) if the latter are subjected to a relative movement due, for example, to differential thermic cubical expansions. Thus, the balls (10) are not stressed.

Abstract: Subdomain metal or metal oxide particles covalently coupled to chemically reactive organic moieties and subsequently reacted together to form biodegradable magnetic microclusters are disclosed. The magnetic microcluster can be used as contrast agents in NMR imaging for the production of images suitable for use in diagnosis, for in vivo delivery and targeting of drugs, as in vivo, biodegradable agents for the sequestering of free metal ions in the treatment of metal driven disease.

Abstract: Artifical pinning centers are provided in normal metal layers adjacent to a type II superconductor layer produced by reacting two normal metal layers. The transverse thicknesses of the final superconductor and normal metal layers are less than about 1000 A.degree.. Planar layers of metal which are to provide a multilayer wire whose layers are parallel. A plurality of the multilayer wires are combined to produce a multifilament superconductor, the layers in all the individual wires being parallel to each other.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved ion vapor generator device for producing a quantity of negatively charged ions from a liquid comprising water. The ion vapors generated may be utilized for the enhancement of combustion processes. By supplying ion vapors to a combustion region of a furnace or internal combustion engine, a catalytic reaction is produced that may be used to reduce fuel consumption and undesired exhaust emissions. The negative ion vapor of the invention can also be supplied to an enclosed area occupied by humans to reduce many noxious or otherwise undesirable odors and breathing irritants therein, and to provide a beneficial stimulation of the respiratory system. The ion vapor is generated by imparting controlled disturbance to the surface of a liquid. Also, an amount of the liquid is withdrawn, continuously aerated, and introduced to the vapor space above the liquid.

Abstract: The heat shield according to the invention makes it possible to protect a structure from a very high thermal flux. It is mainly constituted by tiles (2) fixed to a support structure (4) by means of a spring (8) fixed in translation with respect to a tile (2) and on which bears a locking arm (10). The latter can be fixed to the support structure (4) by means of locking screws (30), which are accessible from the outside through locking orifices (12) in the tile (2). The compression of the spring (8) allows locking to take place and also a satisfactory heat exchange from the tile (2) to the support structure (4), which can be cooled by cooling medium flow ducts (14).

Abstract: A two-piece cutter member for mounting on a sickle bar has a rigid thin support element arranged for relatively permanent attachment to a sickle bar, and a flat planar pyramid-shaped spring metal blade. A portion of the blade provides at least one bridge or loop for encircling the support element and holding the blade on the support element. A section of either said the portion or the support element is displaced with respect to the support face to releasably hold the blade on the support when the blade is fully positioned on said support element.

Abstract: Apparatus for soldering, leveling and cooling printed circuit panels including a preheater, a fluxer, and soldering, leveling and cooling stations. The cooperation of the soldering, leveling and cooling stations provides for efficient processing of printed circuit panels. The soldering station, which includes a solder immersion chamber through which the panels are conveyed, provides an oil coating on the solder to minimize formation of dross. Automatic replenishment of oil through use of suitable flux on the panels to be soldered provide continuous cleaning of the soldering system to permit extended operation. A cooling table transports the soldered panels on a cushion of air to prevent marring.

Abstract: Apparatus and process for successive (stepwise) position control of a spacecraft undergoing precession, in preparation for release of at least one payload therefrom, are provided.In order to bring the longitudinal axis of the craft from an initial position to a predetermined position to be reached, the positions are referenced with respect to an inertial frame of reference, during each control step. The angular velocity of the craft is dependent on the variation between the position to be reached and the position of the craft at the end of the preceding control step and dependent on the velocity of the craft during the preceding control step.

Abstract: A liquid jet gas pump is connected to a vapor return line for a plurality of liquid dispensing nozzles. The jet pump has a multi-jet orifice plate and a single diffuser tube is coaxially aligned with the orifices in the plate, all of the jets entering the single diffuser tube.

Abstract: A punch is provided for making a screw head with ribs on some of the driver surfaces. The punch includes a slanted groove for providing a rib which is slanted from the screw axis by a small angle between 1.degree. and 10.degree..

Abstract: A strap of extended length having a surface of either hook or loop elements forming part of a hook and loop fastener system is combined with a D-ring. The D-ring has a first tab, extending from one side thereof and has on one surface of the tab a multiplicity of engaging elements for engaging companion hook or loop elements on said strap. A second tab extends from the opposite side of the D-ring and has means for attaching the D-ring to another object.

Abstract: The invention synergimicin derivatives having the general formula: Z--X--R, in which Z is a type A or type B synergimycin radical linked by its reactive carbonyl position, through a branch X, where X is .dbd.N-- or .dbd.N--O--, to a substituted R, where R is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkyl-COOH group, an -alkyl-(.alpha.NH.sub.2)COOH group (I), group (II), group (III) or a group (IV), where n is a function of the number of --NH.sub.2 groups present on the coupling protein. Also described are the salts, esters and possibly addition products of pharmaceutically acceptable acids. The invention also concerns a process for preparing these substances, and their use.

Abstract: The disclosed optical signal processor includes a matrix-addressable field emitter array for supplying a controlled electron emission to a two-dimensional signal processor element that may be either a processor of electrical or two-dimensional optical signals.