Abstract: Described is a novel process for producing quaternary ammonium compounds containing halohydrin functionality from tertiary amines without the use of epihalohydrin as the quaternization agent. The process of this invention comprises reacting an amino compound containing at least one tertiary amine group with an allyl halide to quaternize the amine and then reacting the quaternized product with hypohalous acid to convert the allyl substituents to halohydrin moieties.

Abstract: Described is a process for producing unique reaction products from DMT process residue. In the process of this invention DMT process residue is reacted with an excess of dipropylene glycol to give normally liquid, aromatic polyester polyols which are compatible with Freon 11 blowing agent and with glycerol and hence have outstanding utility in the production of blown polyurethane and polyisocyanurate-polyurethane foams.

Abstract: Described is an improved process for producing acicular ferromagnetic metallic particles by the reduction of acicular particles of iron oxide or iron oxide hydrate with a gaseous reducing agent. More specifically, the process concerns the improvement wherein the iron oxide or iron oxide hydrate particles are treated with a specified amount of a phosphorus compound and a compound of cobalt, nickel and/or copper prior to the reduction step.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing styrene-soluble unsaturated polyester resins from DMT process residue. In a preferred embodiment of the process, DMT process residue is transesterified with propylene glycol until a hydroxyl-terminated ester product having a methoxyl content within a specified range is formed and then the resulting ester product is esterified with maleic anhydride.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for improving the yield of dialkyl dithiophosphoric acid esters produced by the Lewis acid catalyzed reaction of an O,O-dialkyl dithiophosphoric acid and an organic chloride. More specifically, the method concerns the improvement wherein the reaction is conducted under sufficient pressure to maintain the liberated hydrogen chloride in the reaction system during the course of the reaction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for improving the yield of dialkyl dithiophosphoric acid esters produced by the Lewis acid catalyzed reaction of an O,O-dialkyl dithiophosphoric acid and an organic chloride. More specifically, the method concerns the improvement wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of from 0.1 to 1.5 moles, per mole of organic chloride, of an anhydride of a fatty acid containing 2 to 5 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for improving the yields of insecticidal compositions produced by reacting an O,O-dialkyl dithiophosphoric acid with a chloro-p-dioxane in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst and a stoichiometric excess of the acid reactant. More specifically, the method concerns the improvement wherein certain bicyclo-heptenes are added to the system resulting from the reaction and reacted with the excess of O,O-dialkyl dithiophosphoric acid present in the system.

Abstract: A process for producing uniformly spherical particles of crystalline, normally solid condensation polymers is described. The process of this invention further provides high yields of hydrophobic, non-agglomerating particles in a useful size range directly, without the need for subsequent processing, and is carried out by forming a dispersion of small liquid particles of the crystalline polymer in certain aprotic liquids containing 0.1 to 20% by weight of the polymer of a water-insoluble block or graft copolymer having at least one polymeric component which is soluble in the aprotic liquid and at least one other polymeric component which is insoluble in the aprotic liquid and associates with the crystalline polymer, in a specified manner, cooling the dispersion with agitation until the liquid particles solidify and recovering the particles.

Abstract: A process for producing uniformly small spherical particles of crystalline, normally solid condensation polymers is described. The process of this invention further provides high yields of hydrophobic, non-agglomerating particles in a useful size range directly, without the need for subsequent processing, and is carried out by forming a dispersion of small liquid particles of the crystalline polymer in certain aprotic liquids containing 0.1 to 20% by weight of the polymer of an acid-modified polymer of propylene in a specified manner, cooling the dispersion with agitation until the liquid particles solidify and recovering the particles.

Abstract: The invention is based on the discovery that when at least a part of the initial burning surface of an epoxy cured carboxy terminated rubber type composite propellant is coated with a propellant antioxidant material, an increase in resistance to oxidative hardening and an increase in strain capability is imparted to said surface. The invention provides (1) such a composite propellant coated at an initial burning surface with a propellant antioxidant in an amount sufficient to impart those unexpected improvements, (2) method involving coating the burning surface with the requisite amount of the propellant antioxidant material, and (3) a propellant rocket motor containing the above said propellant. When only a portion of the surface is subject to high strain, e.g. in slot areas, it is sufficient that only that portion of the burning surface be coated.

Abstract: Magnetic, acicular, nonstoichiometric ferroso-ferric oxide particles having a unique combination of chemical, physical and magnetic properties and a process for producing the same are described. The ferroso-ferric oxide particles have a ferrous:ferric atomic ratio ranging from 0.05:1 to 0.25:1 and contain, based on total iron, 0.4 to 5.0 atomic % phosphorus, 2.0 to 10.0 atomic % zinc and 0 to 10.0 atomic % cobalt.

Abstract: Transparent red iron oxide pigments of outstanding quality and particularly high clarity and strength and good dispersibility characteristics are described. The pigments are produced by heating a dry mixture of alpha-ferric oxide hydrate particles and at least 0.2 part per part of hydrate of a salt which is an alkali metal nitrate, nitrite or mixtures thereof to a temperature above the melting point of the salt and recovering the resulting ferric oxide as a pigment.

Abstract: Pigment concentrates which are particularly suitable as colorants for thermosetting powder coating resins are described. The concentrates contain by weight about 35 to about 60% of organic pigments and about 30 to about 65% of certain low molecular weight, friable polymers of styrene and/or alkyl substituted styrenes or about 45 to about 90% of inorganic pigments and about 5 to about 55% of the friable polymer. A dispersing agent is optional and, if present, the weight ratio of polymer to dispersing agent is at least 1.

Abstract: A process for producing pigmented resin particles which are readily dispersible in fluid ink systems is described. The process involves the steps of milling pigment and certain water-insoluble, alcohol-soluble resins in aqueous medium in the presence of a small amount of certain organic solvents of Class III which have a solubility parameter within the range of the resin and a water solubility of 0.1 to about 5.0 grams/100 grams of water at 20.degree. C., separating the resulting particles from the aqueous medium and recovering the particles.

Abstract: Pigmentary compositions comprising an anhydrous crystalline, light-stable nickel chelate of 1-nitroso-2-naphthol, from about 0.10 to 1.0 mole, per mole of the nickel chelate, of certain ester plasticizers and from about 0.05 to 1 part, per part of the anhydrous nickel chelate, of certain fatty acids and/or their salts are described. The compositions have improved texture and dispersibility characteristics and are produced by wetting the hydrated nickel chelate of 1-nitroso-2-naphthol in aqueous medium with the plasticizer and fatty acid and/or its salt, isolating the wetted product and then heating the isolated product until dehydration is complete.

Abstract: Pigmentary compositions consisting essentially of a crystalline, light-stable nickel chelate of 1-nitroso-2-naphthol and from about 0.15 to about 2 parts per part of the anhydrous nickel chelate of certain fatty acids and/or their salts are described. The compositions are produced by treating the hydrated nickel chelate of 1-nitroso-2-naphthol in aqueous medium at a pH of about 3.5 to about 5 with the fatty acid and/or its salt, isolating the treated chelate and then heating the isolated product at about 75.degree. to about 115.degree. C. until dehydration is complete and the chelate is converted to its crystalline, light-stable form.

Abstract: A process is described for the production of high yields of lead chromate-containing pigments in a nondusting granular form. The process involves agitating in aqueous medium designated amounts of a lead chromate-containing pigment, a friable, low molecular weight hydrocarbon-type resin softening at 50.degree.-95.degree. C. and a cationic surfactant at a temperature above the softening point of the resin and continuing agitation at a temperature within the range of about 5.degree. to about 20.degree. C. above the softening point of the resin until the pigment dispersion is granulated. The process provides yields of at least 70% of granules in the particle size range of about 0.1 to about 4 millimeters. The granules are particularly useful as colorants for air-drying enamel coating systems and plastics.

Abstract: Dry pigment compositions which are easily dispersed in aqueous systems are described. The compositions contain 55 to 80% of a pigment and 45 to 20% of a nonionic material comprising, by weight of the pigment, 15 to 45% of a nonionic dispersing agent and 10 to about 67% of a water-dispersible, at least partially hydrolyzed polymer of vinyl acetate or a polymer of an N-vinyl pyrrolidone.

Abstract: A pelletizable pigment concentrate comprising an essentially agglomerate free intimate dispersion of by weight (a) from 20 to 55% of pigment, (b) from 5 to 35% of a friable dispersing resin selected from the group consisting of low molecular weight hydrocarbon type resins and rosin esters and having a softening point range of about 70.degree. to about 195.degree. C., and (c) from 30 to 65% of a polyester base, at least 30% of which is a copolyester of ethylene glycol, at least one aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diol containing 4 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one difunctional dicarboxylic acid or its ester derivative, said copolyester having an IV between about 0.45 and about 0.75 and a melting point range of about 140.degree. to about 200.degree. C.

Abstract: Conjugate filaments which exhibit a high degree of spontaneous crimp and good modulus are described. The filaments comprise at least 2 components, one of which being a blend of polypropylene with 5 to about 50% of certain low molecular weight hard resins derived from hydrocarbons having at least 4 carbon atoms or rosin derivatives and another component being polypropylene or a blend of polypropylene and a different amount of the hard resin or rosin derivative.