Abstract: The present invention pertains generally to compositions comprising organocatalysts that facilitate stereo-selective reactions and the method of their synthesis and use. Particularly, the invention relates to metal-free organocatalysts for facilitation of stereo-selective reactions, and the method of their synthesis and use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of the compound according to formula (I) Where S is (A) or (B); X is H or F; R1 is H, an acyl group, a C1-C20 alkyl or ether group, a phosphate, diphosphate, triphosphate or a phosphodiester group, a (C) or (D) group; Where Nu is a radical of a biologically active compound such as an anticancer, antihyperproliferative or antiviral compound such that an amino group or hydroxyl group from said biologically active agent forms a phosphate, phosphoramidate, carbonate or urethane group with the adjacent moiety; Each R8 is independently H, or a C1-C20 alkyl or ether group, preferably H or a C1-C2 alkyl group; k is 0-12, preferably, 0-2; R2 is H, an acyl group or a C1-C20 alkyl or ether group; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates or polymorphs thereof for the treatment of tumors, cancer and hyperproliferative diseases, among other conditions or disease states.

Abstract: This invention relates to a test for detecting a Mycobacterium tuberculosis (tuberculosis or TB) infection in a patient or subject, specifically a diagnostic test, including a breath test, whereby patients are provided a small dose of an isotopically labeled TB drug, Isoniazid (INH) orally or directly to the lungs of the patient or subject. If TB is present, a TB enzyme mycobacterial peroxidase KatG oxidizes the INH; and KatG specific metabolites, in particular, isotopically labeled nitric oxide (NO), nitrites, nitrates, carbon monoxide (CO) or carbon dioxide converted from carbon monoxide of INH cleavage are measured. Other embodiments relate to a diagnostic breath test for detecting TB utilizing isotopically labeled urea (preferably, carbon-13 labeled urea), alone or in combination with isotopically labeled isoniazid (preferably, nitrogen-15 labeled isoniazid), wherein M.

Abstract: A new class of diketo acids constructed on pyridinone scaffolds, designed as inhibitors of HIV replication through inhibition of HIV integrase, is described. These compounds are useful in the prevention or treatment of infection by HIV and in the treatment of AIDS and ARC, either as the compounds, or as pharmaceutically acceptable salts, with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, used alone or in combination with antivirals, immunomodulators, antibiotics, vaccines, and other therapeutic agents, especially other anti-HIV compounds (including other integrase-based anti-HIV agents). Methods of treating AIDS and ARC and methods of treating or preventing infection by HIV are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel bioabsorbable polymeric compositions based upon AB polyester polyether or related diblocks and triblocks. Compositions according to the present invention may be used in medical applications, for example, for reducing or preventing adhesion formation subsequent to medical procedures such as surgery, for producing surgical articles including stents and grafts, as coatings, sealants, lubricants, as transient barriers in the body, for materials which control the release of bioactive agents in the body, for wound and burn dressings and producing biodegradable articles, among numerous others.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of the compound according to formula (I), below for the treatment of tumors, cancer and hyperproliferative diseases, among other conditions or disease states: Where X is H or F; R1 and R2 are independently H, an acyl group, a C1-C20 alkyl or ether group, a phosphate, diphosphate, triphosphate or a phosphodiester group, a (A) or (B) group; Where Nu is a radical of a biologically active compound such as an anticancer, antiviral or antihyperproliferative compound such that an amino group or hydroxyl group from said biologically active agent forms a phosphate, phosphoramidate, carbonate or urethane group with the adjacent moiety; each R8 is independently H, or a C1-C20 alkyl or ether group, preferably a C1-C12 alkyl group; k is 0-12, preferably, 0-2; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides thioalkeneamides of formula (I) which are useful as transketolase inhibitors: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, Ra-Rd, n and ring A are as defined herein. The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds of formula (I). The invention provides methods for inhibiting transketolase activity, reducing cellular ribose-5-phosphate levels, inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis, inhibiting cell proliferation and tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo, stimulating apoptosis in tumor cells and treating cancer by administering a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutical composition thereof.

Abstract: The current invention is in the field of molecular biology/pharmacology and provides compounds which modulate the effects of GPR30 as well as the classical estrogen receptors alpha and beta (ER? and ER?). These compounds may function as agonists and/or antagonists of one or more of the disclosed estrogen receptors.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to analogs of baicalein according to formula (I): where R5 is H, (C1-C12)alkyl, (C2-C13)acyl, or an optionally substituted phenyl or benzyl group, an acyl group, a C1-C20 alkyl or ether group, a phosphate, diphosphate, triphosphate or phosphodiester group; R6 and R7 are each independently H, (C1-C12)alkyl, (C2-C13)acyl, or an optionally substituted phenyl or benzyl or together form a —OCR1R2O— group wherein each of R1 and R2 is independently H, a C1-C3 alkyl group or an optionally substituted phenyl or benzyl group; and R8 is H, OH, an O-acyl group, a C1,-C4 alkyl or alkoxy group, F, Cl, Br or I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which exhibit anti-P-glycoprotein activity and methods of enhancing the bioavailability of active compounds, especially orally administered compounds, by inhibition of P-glycoprotein 170 (P-gp 170) and/or CYP450 enzyme, especially CYP450 3A4 enzyme.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for detecting the presence or absence of invasive trophoblast cells. In addition, the invention provides methods for distinguishing quiescent trophoblast diseases from invasive trophoblast diseases and methods for monitoring progression of quiescent trophoblast diseases. The invention provides methods for detecting the presence or absence of germ cell tumors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chalcone and chalcone derivatives and analogs which are useful as angiogenesis inhibitors. The present compounds, which are inexpensive to synthesize, exhibit unexpectedly good activity as angiogenesis inhibitors. The present invention also relates to the use of chalcone and its analogs as antitumor/anticancer agents and to treat a number of conditions or disease states in which angiogenesis is a factor, including angiogenic skin diseases such as psoriasis, acne, rosacea, warts, eczema, hemangiomas, lymphangiogenesis, among numerous others, as well as chronic inflammatory disease such as arthritis.

Abstract: This invention related to the prevention and treatment of cerebral insufficiency, including enhancement of receptor functioning in synapses in brain networks responsible for higher order behaviors. These brain networks are involved in cognitive abilities related to memory impairment, such as is observed In a variety of dementias, and in imbalances in neuronal activity between different brain regions, as is suggested in disorders such as Parkinson?s disease, schizophrenia and affective disorders. In a particular aspect, the present invention relates to compounds useful for treatment of such conditions and methods of using these compounds for such treatment.

Abstract: The manufactured mineral water of this invention is made from biologically acceptable soluble salts of four different groups which may be made separately. Group A elements consist of calcium at a final concentration of between 25 and 82 mg/L and magnesium at a final concentration of between 6 and 18 mg/L. Group B elements consist of phosphorus at a final concentration of between 15 and 80 mg/L, potassium at a final concentration of between 50 and 180 mg/L, silicon at a final concentration of between 0.45 to 1.5 mg/L, sodium at a final concentration of between 3 and 30 mg/L, chlorine at a final concentration of between 3 and 28 mg/L. Group C elements consist of boron at a final concentration of between 0 and 60 ?g/L, chromium at a final concentration of between 0 and 0.5 ?g/L, cobalt at a final concentration of between 0 and 0.5 ?g/L, copper at a final concentration of between 0 and 12 ?g/L, iodine at a final concentration of between 0 and 6 ?g/L, lithium at a final concentration of between 0 and 1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel analogs of choline and methods of use or treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and/or conditions such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington disease, Alzheimer's disease and related disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spinal muscular atrophy, Friedrich's ataxia, Pick's disease, Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome, Refsom's disease, retinal degeneration, Cruetzfelt-Jacob syndrome or prion disease (mad cow disease), dementia with Lewy bodies, schizophrenia, paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and neurodegenerative conditions caused by stroke. The present compounds are effective to treat any neurological condition where acetylcholine transmission neurons and their target cells are affected.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to glutathione derivatized beads which are adapted for use in conjunction with glutathione-S-transferase fusion proteins (generally, GST fusion proteins, which contain a fluorescent label such as fluorescent green protein) for use in flow cytometry. The present invention also relates to methods for detecting and/or quantifying interactions between a GST fusion protein and their binding partners, in particular, labeled binding partners such as fluorescently labeled binding partners. By creating glutathione beads with an appropriate high or increased site density, disadvantages often associated with low affinity systems and quick off-rates in solution may be resolved to provide a workable system and method. Methods of identifying potential agonists, antagonists and regulator compounds of proteins fused to GST from libraries of compounds represents another aspect of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a preparing method of methoxypolyethyleneglycol (mPEG) with high purity and derivatives thereof. More precisely, the method of the present invention to prepare high purity mPEG with at least 99% of purity, up to 1.05 of molecular weight distribution and 350˜100,000 of molecular weight includes the process of reacting commercial mPEG having low purity to give highly purified intermediates, mPEG-acetic acid of formula 1 and mPEG-phthalate of formula 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel antiviral helioxanthin analogs. These compounds may particularly be used alone or in combination with other drugs for the treatment of the following: hepadnaviruses, flaviviruses, herpesviruses and human immunodeficiency virus. In addition, compounds according to the present invention can be used to prevent or reduce the likelihood of the occurrence of tumors secondary to virus infection as well as other infections or disease states that are secondary to the virus infection.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a catalyst composition, comprising: (1) a catalyst precursor having the general structure MSXn wherein M is a transition metal selected from the group consisting of iridium, molybdenum, and tungsten; S is a coordinating ligand; X is a counterion; and n is an integer from 0 to 5; and (2) a phosphoramidite ligand having the structure wherein O—Cn—O is an aliphatic or aromatic diolate and wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl groups, substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic groups, and combinations thereof, with the proviso that at least one of R1, R2, R3, or R4 must be a substituted or unsubstituted aryl or heteroaryl group. The present invention is also directed to activated catalysts made from the above catalyst composition, as well as methods of allylic amination and etherification using the above catalysts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for detecting P aeruginosa infection and bacterial burden in the lungs of patients who are at risk for P. aeruginosa infections, especially including patients with Cystic Fibrosis (CF). The present method provides numerous tests (breath, blood, urine) which are readily administered to a patient that will sensitively and specifically detect the presence and extent of lung infection P. aeruginosa (both mucoid and non-mucoid), and allow monitoring of bacterial load as a parameter in monitoring treatment.

Abstract: An expandable polystyrene bead production method, which is a two-step process, is disclosed. The method includes obtaining suspendable, homogenous micropellets from a mixed composition prepared by mixing graphite particles with a styrene-based resin and extruding the composition, and carrying out seed polymerization by suspending graphite-containing micropellets in water and adding a styrene-based monomer and an aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and impregnation by adding a blowing agent. The produced expandable polystyrene beads, which contain graphite particles, are considerably low in thermal conductivity. In addition, the expandable polystyrene beads exhibit a little change in the thermal conductivity over time due to the use of the graphite particles, so that the heat insulation property can be sustained for an extended period of time.