Abstract: In a continuous speech recognizer which includes at least, one acoustic expert and one linguistic expert which generate respective scores, a method is disclosed for adjusting the relative weighting to be applied to those scores employing training data utilizing the words to be recognized in multiple word phrases. Multiple word test phrases are applied to the acoustic expert to determine, for each phrase, plural multi-word hypotheses each having corresponding cumulative scores. The linguistic expert generates corresponding cumulative linguistic scores. An objective function is calculated for each test phrase having a value which is variable as a function of the difference between the combined score of any correct hypothesis and that of the most easily confused incorrect hypothesis. The objective function values are cumulated and a gradient descent procedure is used to adjust the relative weighting of the acoustic and linguistic scores in obtaining a combined score.

Abstract: An image forming device of clamshell type has an upper frame and a lower frame. The upper frame has a bottom face and includes an optical unit for emitting a scanning light. The lower frame has a photosensitive body therein and supports the upper frame openably around the horizontal supporting shaft. The bottom face of the upper frame has an exposure port for emitting the scanning light to expose the photosensitive body in the lower frame. The device is provided with a light shield plate, supported inside the upper frame rotatably by a first fixed shaft, for closing the exposure port. A torsion coil spring is wound around the first fixed shaft and urges the light shield plate in the direction of closing the exposure port. The light shield plate is connected to a prime mover supported in the upper frame rotatably by a second fixed shaft through a connecting rod in such a manner that the turn of the prime mover about the second fixed shaft causes the turn of the light shield plate about the first fixed shaft.

Abstract: A communication charge management unit of a communication unit in the Integrated Services Digital Network comprises a memory (11; 21; 41) for storing the communication charge for each of plurality of identification information. The identification information is one of or a combination of user identification information specifying the user of the communication unit, a sub address specifying each of the plurality of terminal units which the communication unit includes, and communication mode identification information specifying each of the plurality of communication modes of the communication unit. The management unit comprises a control accumulating unit (7; 27; 43) updating the corresponding communication charge stored in the memory, in response to the identification information generated at the time of calling by the communication unit and the communication charge information transmitted from a center at the time of communication termination.

Abstract: In the magnetic chuck disclosed herein, a pair of elongate pole members are arranged to provide magnetic contact with a workpiece along parallel lines and thus are somewhat in the nature of rails. Preferably, the ends of the poles are segmented and provide for height adjustment to accommodate workpieces which are not entirely flat. The pole members extend along the sides of an elongate base plate with a space therebetween. Interposed between each pole member and the base member is a relatively thin layer of permanent magnetic material which resists de-magnetation. A switchable permeable magnet is provided between the pole members above the base plate and this latter permanent magnet is surrounded by a coil which allows the polarity of its magnetism to be switched so that it either aids or opposes the thin magnetic layer in polarizing the pole ends.

Abstract: An apparatus for calculating a sum of products of proper elements in matrix, connected to a receiving device (21) for receiving an input vector and having a memory (11, 12) capable of storing data used to determine whether each of the matrix elements is zero or nonzero and storing data representative of contents of the matrix elements having nonzeros, the apparatus being capable of reducing a required capacity of the memory (11, 12) and a number of calculation processes in a linear transformation of the input vector received at the receiving device (21) by using a transformation matrix having matrix elements of a large scale sparse matrix, the transformation matrix being represented in a two-dimensional array and stored in the memory (11, 12), the apparatus includes a determining unit connected to the memory (11, 12) for determining whether each of the matrix elements in the transformation matrix is zero or nonzero in accordance with the zero data or the nonzero data stored in the memory (11, 12), and a calcu

Abstract: In the electromagnetic transducer disclosed herein, first and second magnetic core structures are oriented in opposition with a space therebetween. In the space between the core structures, an armature is provided for completing magnetic circuits for both of the core structures with respective gaps. Spring means normally centers the armature structure between the core structures so that the respective gaps are nominally equal. On each of the core structures there is provided a first winding and a second winding. The first windings are connected in series to a supply of direct current thereby to bias the magnetic circuits and the second windings are connected to a source of alternating current with the second windings being installed or phased so that one of them aids the corresponding first winding while the other opposes the corresponding first winding.

Abstract: A copying machine having a zooming function, the copying machine including a first driving motor for scanning an optical reading system, a first control circuit for controlling the first driving motor, a second driving motor for driving an image forming section including a photosensitive body and for feeding copy paper, a second control circuit for controlling the second driving motor, a side eraser control circuit for controlling the side eraser and switches on a light of a corresponding LED in response to the magnification, and control means for outputting a speed control signal in response to the selected magnification to the first control circuit so as to control the scanning speed of the optical reading system, and outputting a control signal in response to the selected magnification to the side eraser circuit, and outputting a driving signal generated from the control signal to the second control circuit so as to control the second driving motor.

Abstract: A copying machine which compares between the longitudinal dimension and the crosswise dimension of each line mark based on an output from the image information reading means and decides the coordinates of a longer line mark as the effective coordinates for the line mark, and determines an editing area based on the coordinates of each line mark decided so that the editing is performed on the image in the editing area in accordance with the preset marker editing mode.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and method for generating text from a voice input that divides the processing of each speech event into a dictation event and a text event. Each dictation event handles the processing of data relating to the input into the system, and each text event deals with the generation of text from the inputted voice signals. In order to easily distinguish the dictation events from each other and text events from each other the system and method creates a data structure for storing certain information relating to each individual event. Such data structures enable the system and method to process both simple spoken words as well as spoken commands and to provide the necessary text generation in response to the spoken words or to execute an appropriate function in response to a command. Speech recognition includes the ability to distinguish between dictation text and commands.

Abstract: An information recording and reproducing device uses a disk-shaped recording medium which is rotated at a constant angular velocity. The recording medium is divided into a plurality ring-shaped zones of concentric circles. In a recording area of the recording medium, the number of sectors per track is uniform in each zone and the number of sectors increases from an innermost zone towards an outermost zone. Each sector has a header area wherein header information including address information is recorded and a data area wherein data is recorded. In this device, data is recorded and reproduced in the data area in accordance with clock signals whose frequencies increase from the innermost zone towards the outermost zone. This device has a first clock generating circuit for generating a first clock signal of a fixed frequency, and the header information is recorded and reproduced in the header area in accordance with the first clock signal.

Abstract: A continuous spinal anesthesia administering apparatus is disclosed which comprises a polymeric microcatheter with a reinforcing stylet. A method for administering anesthesia to a patient utilizing this apparatus is also disclosed, as is a catheter kit containing this apparatus.

Abstract: In the epoxy ejection gun disclosed herein, a bridge member which couples and drives a pair of push rods includes a forward facing seat or socket, e.g. of conical shape. A lead nut engageable with a rotatable lead screw is provided with a surface matching the seat. An adjustable spring is provided for biasing the interfitting parts. Rotation of the lead screw causes the lead nut to advance driving the push rods but pressure is controlled by the selected value of biasing force on the matching surfaces, excessive force allowing the lead nut to rotate with the lead screw rather than to advance.

Abstract: In the underwater sound source disclosed herein, rigid diaphragms are provided at opposed ends of a hollow shell, the periphery of each of the diaphragms being sealed to the shell. Respective spring means operating between the shell and each of the diaphragms allows axial displacement of the diaphragm in response to external pressure. A lightweight magnetic armature structure is connected to each of the diaphragms and opposed electromagnetic core structures provide magnetic circuits which link each of the armature structures across respective gaps. Further spring means are provided for centering each of the armature structures between the respective magnetic core structures. By appropriately energizing windings on the magnetic core structures, the armatures together with their respective diaphragms are caused to oscillate.

Abstract: A box-shaped container (10) has an opening (12) and the opening is sealed tightly and doubly by a sealing material (13). The sealing material is hot-glued to a peripheral portion of the opening of the cartridge body to such an extent that the sealing material can be peeled from the peripheral part. The end portion (13a) of the sealing material is bonded at an adequate length from the free end to the face 11a of a side of the peripheral portion, and the free end portion is turned down for 180 degree angle to the outer side of the opening. Furthermore, the sealing material is bonded to the face (11b) of a opposite side of the peripheral portion side at which the free end portion (13a) is adhered and turned down to cover the opening in double covering. The sealing material also covers the turned-down end portion. The other end portion (13b) of the sealing material is attached to a roller (16), and as the user turns a handle (18) of the roller, the sealing material can be peeled off easily.

Abstract: A sheet treatment device comprises an unit for counting the number of sheets conveyed piece by piece from an image forming device, an unit for binding a plurality of sheets counted by the counting unit, an unit for conveying a set of sheets bound by the binding unit, an unit for setting a time period associated with the number of sheets counted by the counting unit, an unit, which is disposed at a specified position, for detecting passage of the set of sheets conveyed by the conveying unit, and an unit for judging that sheet jamming has occurred in the event that the passage is not detected by the detecting unit within the time period from the time when the set of sheets begins to be conveyed by the conveying unit.

Abstract: In the bag pack disclosed herein, a stack of T-shirt type plastic film bags are held in a paperboard cartridge which is folded to provide front and back panels bridged at the top. The back panel has a cutout tongue which is folded forward under tearaway strips linking the top ends of the bag handle portions. The tongue retains the tearaway strips in the cartridge as individual bags are torn downwardly from the pack.

Abstract: A developing apparatus capable of preventing a leakage of developing powder from being placed on photoconductor of a copying machine, the developing apparatus having a doctor for restricting an amount of developing powder to be placed on said photoconductor of the copying machine includes a unit for storing a developing powder, a roller having a sleeve and a magnet and rotationally supported on the storing unit for laminating the developing powder output from the storing unit on the sleeve in accordance with a magnetic force of the magnet, and a unit for preventing the developing powder from being leaked to a non-imaging area located at end portions of the roller, the preventing unit being located in a upstream side of the storing unit and being so arranged that an interval between the preventing unit and the roller is larger than an interval between the doctor and the roller.

Abstract: In the reporting system disclosed herein, a speech recognizer is used to select sections of text from a report form stored in a computer and to insert recognized terms in the text thereby to generate a report text under voice control. A command interpreter, also responsive to spoken words, initiates creation of the report text and its subsequence storing, printing and transmission. The command processor is responsive to respective spoken commands to select a destination telephone number and to cause the report text to be sent to apparatus for converting report text to image data and for modulating an audio band signal with the image data for facsimile transmission over telephone lines.

Abstract: The illuminator apparatus disclosed herein provides illumination for the microlithographic manufacture of semiconductor integrated circuits. Degradation of the illuminator output by photopolymerization of volatile compounds associated with the resist coatings is inhibited by utilizing a composite filter at the cooling area inlet to the light source which includes a bed of activated carbon for removing volatile compounds which are photopolymerizable to substances which are absorbtive at the exposing wavelengths.

Abstract: A reproducing apparatus for reproducing information from recording elements formed with very small pits on a planar surface. The reproducing apparatus includes a probing unit positioned at a very small distance apart from the surface of the recording element and a scanning unit for scanning the probing unit at a very small distance apart from the surface of the recording element. The reproducing apparatus also includes a detecting unit connected to the probing unit and the recording element respectively, for detecting interactions generated between the probing unit and the surface of the recording element and a regeneration unit connected to the detecting unit for inputting a signal output from the detecting unit and for regenerating information by detecting a pattern of the pits by the input signal.