Abstract: A process for electroforming a bump circuit and a lead circuit on a tape to be used for making contact with integrated circuit chips and the like. By means of the process, an inverse bump pattern is produced. To this end, a first metal plate is coated with a photoresist on one surface and suitable apertures are made in the photoresist in a conventional manner. Now indentations are chemically etched, partly through the uncovered metal surface to form a bump circuit. Next the photoresist is completely removed and the metal plate is again covered with a layer of photoresist. After the photoresist is developed again to form a lead circuit, the metal is chemically etched partly through the uncovered metal to form a lead circuit while at the same time further etching the bump circuit indentations. These indentations are now covered with metal by various plating steps. For example, the indentations may be covered successively with layers of gold, nickel, copper, and an additional layer of gold.

Abstract: A system providing economical redundant strap-down inertial measurement capability in a space navigation system. By appropriate orientation of two-degree-of-freedom dry tuned rotor gyros, the system is able to achieve complete redundancy utilizing only three gyro units. With this orientation, both orthogonal and skewed rate data are available. Not only are the necessary computations materially simplified, but this system also provides the necessary conditions for failure detection and isolation.

Abstract: A system for providing a stable caging loop for two-degree-of-freedom dry tuned gyros used in a strap-down inertial navigation system. The system provides satisfactory noise rejection and good navigation accuracy using cross axis torquing only with extremely simple analog shaping circuits in place of the combination of cross axis and direct axis torquing with complex shaping circuitry that is normally required with these gyros in such an application. A 64 Hz bandwidth loop is provided with less than 1.degree. phase lag below 5 Hz, 10 db attenuation of rotor spin rate noise, and at least 35 db attenuation of all higher frequencies. Its performance is such that it can be used in a navigation system requiring accuracy on the order of one nautical mile per hour in a typical missile environment.

Abstract: An adjustable display having interworking parts whereby upon manipulation interference frequencies emitted from spurious harmonic and imaged electromagnetic radiators interfering with an intended or expected bracketed received frequency can be isolated and identified for later corrective action, such as elimination of the interference frequencies. A method for establishing emitted frequencies which might interfere with expected or intended targeted received frequencies in a receiver is also described and taught.

Abstract: A squeegee blade for a thick film printing apparatus is held between horizontally compressing holder plates. One of the holder plates is integrally formed with a member for attachment to the pressure printing apparatus. The other holder plate attaches to the first one. The squeegee presents a sharp corner edge exposed from the holding plates and provision is made for varying the angle of attack for different inks used in the film printing process.

Abstract: A logarithmic type of aerial array is formed of a plurality of similar broadband active aerial elements linearly arranged with logarithmic spacings, each aerial element being connected to a frequency-sensitive filter. The filters have progressive frequency-sensitive characteristics along the array such as to tend to pass higher frequencies where the elements are more closely spaced and lower frequencies where the elements are more widely spaced. The aerial elements are preferably each in the form of a loop, the impedance around the loop being increased in a region on the opposite side of the loop from the loop termination.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for use of emitting, ionizing, accelerating and collecting elements in a high vacuum to implant a hard film on a plastic substrate or the like. In preparation, a slug of a selected material to be deposited as a film is placed in the emitter. The specimens or articles to be implanted are placed on supports in the vicinity of the collector. A cover enclosure is then placed in position and the region enclosed by the cover is exhausted to a high vacuum. Selected potentials are applied to various elements of the apparatus and an accelerating/directing field, which may be developed electrostatically, magnetically or by a combination of both, is developed in the acceleration structure. The electrostatic field causes electron emission from the ionizing elements to develop an increased charge on the emitted ionized particles.

Abstract: A rotary internal combustion engine is described and shown having two piston and cylinder assemblies rotating about a single axis. The pistons reciprocate in rotating cylinders having a four cycle internal combustion engine process to receive air and fuel, to compress the air and fuel, to combust the mixture and to exhaust the gases therefrom. The pistons move in a set relation to each other, being connected by a common rod. The center of rotation of the pistons is dynamic relative to the center of rotation of the cylinders and cylinder blocks. Intake and exhaust valves are positioned about the periphery of the rotor assembly, and have staggered opening and closing schedules in order that air and fuel may be admitted and gases scavenged in accordance with the four cycle internal combustion engine principle.

Abstract: A helical bimetal strip disposed in a probe tube is connected at one end to a fixed support and at its other end to an arbor of an indicating member. The arbor passes through the helical strip into pivotal contact with a bearing carried by the support and against which the arbor is applied under pressure.

Abstract: A material handling apparatus including a conveyor line for articles such as cylindrical can containers is described. The articles are conveyed to an online guide framework having unique engaging rod positions, wherein the guide framework the articles are oriented in a different attitude for further conveyance from the outlet of the guide framework. The structure of the guide framework is such that articles from an upright attitude are reoriented to a horizontal attitude, and articles accidentally already in the horizontal attitude are not re-oriented by the guide framework but are conveyed therethrough to exit in the desired horizontal attitude.

Abstract: A gas conveying duct-type heat exchanger is shown and described having two gases passing therethrough, preferably in counterflow relationship. An easily assembled, sectioned gas separator is provided to divide the duct into separate gas conduits. The separator sections are designed to fit with each other and to support heat pipes extending between adjacent conduits for transferring heat from one conduit to the next. The structure is adapted for ready on-site assembly and modification, thus providing facility in relating the constructed device to the heat load in a given installation and permitting shipment of a unit in disassembled condition.

Abstract: A vertical axis wind turbine comprises one or more aerofoil section blades attached to a support structure. The blade has at least one part thereof which is acted on by centrifugal forces as the blade rotates with the support structure and thereby caused to increase its angle of inclination to the said vertical axis when the speed of rotation increases beyond the normal operating range, whereby the rate of increase of rotational speed with wind speed is reduced.

Abstract: A continuous flow, evaporative-type thermal energy recovery apparatus comprises an evaporator unit to which are supplied continuous pressurized flows of hot water and air, and in which a portion of the hot water is evaporated into the air, preferably to completely saturate the air with moisture. Connected to receive the resulting flow of pressurized, water saturated air from the evaporator unit is a low pressure gas turbine, which is operated by such flow. Work is performed by expansion of the saturated air in the turbine, the work being converted, for example, to electricity by a generator connected in driven relationship with the turbine. The source of hot water may be a cooling system for cooling other apparatus or may, for instance, be a heat exchanger in which solar energy is used to heat water recirculated through the apparatus. Condensed water vapor from the turbine may also be recirculated.

Abstract: An improved photoconductive sensor is provided which includes a substrate of calcium fluoride or barium fluoride in monocrystalline form upon which has been sputtered under controlled conditions a thin unannealed monocrystalline film having the formula Pb.sub.1-x Sn.sub.x Te where x = about 0-0.3. The conditions under which the film is deposited are controlled so that the film exhibits a cutoff wavelength between about 6.mu.m and about 15.mu.m, a photoconductive responsivity which may be as high as up to about 10.sup.3 V/watt at 77.degree. K and a detectivity peak value which may be as high as up to about 1.5 .times. 10.sup.10 cm-Hz.sup.1/2 /watt at frequencies above the 1/f noise frequency. The film also exhibits a fast response time of less than about 100 nanoseconds and is usually present in a thickness, for example about 1-2.mu.m, corresponding to high quantum efficiency and minimal contribution of unexcited film to detector noise.

Abstract: A module board assembly fixture capable of securing a module board in a fixed orientation in an X-Y Cartesian coordinate plane, having a quickly operated clamp capable of movement relative to a component inserter is described. The clamp is movable in both the transverse and the longitudinal directions without disorientation, and is constructed having unique module board supporting structure so that the Cartesian orientation is not disturbed by the insertion.

Abstract: A heat exchanger of the formed plate type with a stack of relatively thin material, spaced heat transfer plates. The plates of the heat exchanger are arranged to define sets of multiple counterflow fluid passages for two separate fluid media alternating with each other. Passages of one set communicate with opposed manifold ports on opposite sides of the core matrix. Passages of the other set pass through the stack past the manifolds in counterflow arrangement and connect with inlet and outlet portions of an enclosing housing.An assembly of two plates oppositely disposed establishes integral manifolds for one of the fluid media through the ports and the fluid passage defined between the plates. A third plate joined thereto further defines a passage for the second fluid media to flow between the inlet and outlet portions of the housing. The various fluid passages may be provided with flow resistance elements, such as fins, to improve the efficiency of heat transfer between adjacent counterflow fluids.

Abstract: A foldable, articulated inclined ramp or stair assembly actuation system is shown and described. The assembly comprises at least three elements connected by hinges to each other and foldable on each other under the control of a series of pulleys interconnected by a single drive cable. A method of operating the arrangement is described whereby an orderly folding sequence is automatically maintained by the actuating means. The assembly is suitable for installation within an aircraft and may be power driven to extend and retract through a loading door, thus obviating the need for any ground equipment for the purpose.

Abstract: The specification discloses a radar sensor for detecting short-range, slowly moving objects and using the range versus time data to develop a prediction of the time at which the range of the object will be at a minimum to the sensor. The sensor uses a pulse transmission of a radio frequency signal with object reflections being received and detected. Subsequent signal processing eliminates returns from clutter and stationary objects so that signals from low velocity objects can be detected. Computations are performed in a digital processor to compute an estimate of the time and of the range when the object will be closest to the sensor.

Abstract: A collapsible rigid lodgment structure erectable from a single blank and collapsible to a relatively small, compact and transportable size is shown and described. The structure when collapsed can be folded by folds and bifurcations to have an area approximately one-fourth the area of the blank from which the structure is made. When erected, the structure is generally in the form of a tetrahedron. The structure when erected is suitable for expedient use as a hut or shelter.