Abstract: Methods of identifying ligand binding sites in a target molecule such as a polynucleotide or polypeptide, as well as methods for determining whether a particular site in a target molecule is at or near the ligand binding site, are provided. Ligand binding affinities corresponding to both the target molecule and a modified version thereof are compared, preferably using mass spectral analysis. The modified molecules, or test molecules, incorporate a modification capable of modulating ligand binding affinity when located at or near the ligand binding sites. Binding site information is derived from the known position of the modification.

Abstract: A skiing simulator and training device has first and second bodies that each have a top surface sized and shaped to mate against the sole of a ski boot. Each of the bodies further includes an arcuate bottom surface. A connecting member movably connects the first and second bodies together and attaching brackets on the bodies connect the bodies to the sole of a ski boot. The bottom surfaces of the bodies are formed as tapering surfaces of rotation that are centered about an axis that is essentially parallel with a heel to toe axis of a ski boot.

Abstract: Precalibrated, disposable electrochemical sensing devices can be constructed so as to utilize a housing shaped so as to internally include at least two separate half cells, one of which is capable of serving as a reference half cell and the other of which is capable of serving as a sensing half cell. The housing is shaped so as to include a top depression capable of being used as a container which is in communication with the interiors of the half cells. The depression is capable of holding for a sample to be analyzed using the device. The housing is preferably mounted on a board which is capable of being plugged into a female socket. This board carries electrodes which are connected to electrodes in the half cells.

Abstract: A fill tube has a hollow interior with a product inlet orifice, a product discharge orifice and a fill rod orifice connected to the interior. A plunger rod having ends is mounted through the fill rod orifice such that its first end is located within the hollow interior of the tube adjacent the product discharge orifice. The plunger rod has a valve member on this end that is tear drop in shape and is sized to fit into and seal against the inside of the discharge orifice. A plurality of fill tubes and plungers can be mounted on a packaging machine in conjunction with a prime mover and a moving member that is operated by the prime mover. Each of the plungers are connected to the moving member so as to be moved within their fill tubes in conjunction with movement of the moving member imparted thereto by the prime mover.

Abstract: A low sodium, low monosodium glutamate soy hydrolysate is prepared from a soy material, as for instance, soy flour, soy meal or soy grits by hydrolyzing the soy material with a protease enzyme in water. The hydrolysis is conducted in the absence of the addition of either acid or base at a temperature of about 90.degree. for 2 hours. After deactivating the enzyme and dewatering the mixture the resulting hydrolysate contains from about 45 to about 55 weight percent of enzymatic hydrolyzed soy based protein, from about 1 to about 3 weight percent fat, from about 5 to about 9 weight percent ash, from about 2 to about 8 weight percent water, from about 32 to about 36 weight percent carbohydrate, and less than 0.1 weight percent sodium.

Abstract: A seal for a pouch packaging machine as, for instance, a form, fill and seal packaging machine, includes first and second seal bars each having a sealing surface thereon. The seal bars are located on the machine in positions locating the sealing surfaces on the respective seal bars opposed to one another. In cross section the respective sealing surfaces on the seal bars each include a plurality of concave and convex surface features. The convex surface features have a radius of curvature that is less than the radius of curvature of the concave surface features thus rendering the sealing surfaces asymmetrical.

Abstract: A denesting device for separating trays of joined cups prior to loading of the cup trays onto a conveyer belt of a packaging machine includes a feed bin mounted on a housing for receiving a stack of the nested cup trays. Associated with the bottom of the feed bin are a plurality of elongated helical screws each of which has a variable screw thread formed thereon. The variable screw thread on each of the helical screws has a variable pitch that increases from a first lesser pitch portion which is located adjacent to the feed means to a second greater pitch portion from which the denested cup trays are discharged. The plurality of elongated helical screws are rotatively mounted on the housing in a spaced array about the feed means.

Abstract: Compounds of the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 individually are H, OH or C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 O-acyl and R.sub.3 is H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 acyl or ##STR2## or R.sub.5 and R.sub.7 are H or OH, R.sub.6 is H and together R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are ##STR3## and X is .dbd.O or .dbd.S; Y is --OH, --SH, --Nh.sub.2 or halogen; and Z is H , --Nh.sub.2, --OH or halogen; wherein halogen is Cl or Br; or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are useful as antivirals, antitumors, antimetastatics and as immune system enhancers.

Abstract: .alpha. and .beta.-ribonucleosides of substituted pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidines are used in treating malignant tumors in vivo. A novel synthesis for preparing these compounds and other related compounds is further disclosed.

Abstract: A form, fill and seal pouch packaging machine is augmented by including a heating component for heating the surfaces of its film during product addition. The film is heated to a temperature sufficient to inhibit condensation of hot liquid product on the interior walls of a partly formed pouch during the product addition and/or to achieve asepsis during product addition. The heating member can be positioned in one of several positions adjacent to the surfaces of the film. Irrespective of the positioning of the heating member the surfaces of the film of a partially formed pouch or of the film prior to formation of the pouch is heated to a temperature sufficient to inhibit condensation of vapor on the film and/or to sterilize the surfaces of the pouch.

Abstract: 6-Sulfenamide, 6-sulfinamide and 6-sulfonamide purines, purine nucleosides, purine nucleotides and 3 and 7 deaza and 8 aza derivatives thereof of structure: ##STR1## wherein Z is H or --NH.sub.2 ;X is --S--NH.sub.2, ##STR2## T is C--H, G is N and Q is N; or T is C--H, G is N and Q is C--H; orT is N, G is N and Q is C--H; orT is C--H, G is C--H and Q is N;Y is H or an .alpha.-pentofuranose or .beta.-pentofuranose of the formula: ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently are H, OH, --O-acyl or ##STR4## or together R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are ##STR5## and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are H or one of R.sub.3 or R.sub.4 is OH and the other is H; provided that when Y is H, Z is --NH.sub.2 ; and acceptable salt thereof are prepared and are useful as antitumor agents or they are intermediates for compounds which are antitumor agents. The compounds are used to treat an affected warm blooded host by serving as the active ingredients of suitable pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: A portable stove for burning charcoal and other solid fuel has a continuous vertically oriented insulative side wall. This wall has a continuous bottom edge and its surrounds and defines a hollow fuel chamber. The fuel chamber has an open top. A grate is positioned adjacent the insulative wall proximal to the bottom edge of the insulative wall. As so positioned the grate forms the bottom of the fuel chamber. The insulative wall has a plurality of apertures located along its bottom edge with the apertures spaced around the insulative wall in an array immediately adjacent the grate. A reflector plate is positioned below the grate. An air chamber for channeling combustion air surrounds the reflector plate, the underside of the grate and the bottom most portion of the insulative side wall including the apertures therein. An air control damper is located in the air chamber for controlling the introduction of air into the air chamber.

Abstract: A biased seal for a form, fill and seal packaging machine includes an elongated seal bar which is attached to a support element via a plurality of connectors/retainers which are fixed to the seal bear, but movable with respect to the support element. A plurality of compression springs are positioned between the seal bar and the support element. The seal bar is movable on the connectors from a position wherein the seal bar is juxtapositioned against the sealing element and the compression springs are under compression and an extended position wherein the seal bar is displaced outward from the sealing elements by the bias in the compression springs. The support element is fixed to a slide assembly which is connected to an activator rod via an adjustment bracket.

Abstract: A pouch perforator for a form, fill and seal packaging machine of the type which forms pouches from continuous film includes a cutting element and a support element. The cutting element is rotatively mounted on the packaging machine as is the support element with the cutting element located on one side of the film and the support element located on the opposite side of the film. The cutting element includes a plurality of axially extending knife edges located in a circumferentially spaced array. The knife edges rotate in response to rotation of the cutting element. The support element includes a circumferentially extending support surface which rotates in response to rotation of the surface element. The knife edges in response to rotation of the cutting element compress film against the support surface to perforate the film.

Abstract: A film feed device for a form, fill and seal packaging machine includes front and rear rolls of film which are individually unwound and fed to the packaging machine via a drive assembly which contacts the rolls and rotates the same independent of other film feed mechanisms on the packaging machine. The drive assemblies contain motors which can be further controlled with sensing devices capable of sensing both when the film has been exhausted from the film roll and when the rate of output of the film from the film rolls by the drive assemblies is greater than the rate of further processing of the film in subsequent steps on the form, fill and seal packaging machine.