Patents Represented by Attorney Herbert D. Knudsen

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  • Catalyst compositions especially useful for preparation of unsaturated acids
    Patent number: 4157987
    Abstract: The present invention is a catalyst composition consisting of oxides or oxide complexes that contains catalytically significant amounts of cerium, tungsten, vanadium and molybdenum plus optionally one or more of Co, Ni, Zn, Cu, Mg, Mn, Bi, Ti, Zr, Sn, P, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, lanthanum or an element of the lanthanoid series. These catalysts are especially useful for producing acrylic acid from acrolein and for producing methacrylic acid from methacrolein.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 24, 1978
    Date of Patent: June 12, 1979
    Assignee: Standard Oil Company
    Inventors: Serge R. Dolhyj, Ernest C. Milberger
  • Catalyst useful for the manufacture of acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile
    Patent number: 4156660
    Abstract: High yields of unsaturated nitriles are obtained by the oxidation of olefin-ammonia mixtures in the presence of a catalyst comprising the oxides of bismuth, molybdenum, iron and at least one element of the Group II B metals as essential components, and optionally the oxides of cobalt, nickel, phosphorus, arsenic and an alkali metal.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 10, 1978
    Date of Patent: May 29, 1979
    Assignee: The Standard Oil Company
    Inventors: Robert K. Grasselli, Arthur F. Miller, Harley F. Hardman
  • Synthesis of maleic anhydride
    Patent number: 4155920
    Abstract: Maleic anhydride is produced by the oxidation of 1,3-butadiene, n-butylenes, crotonaldehyde and furan with molecular oxygen in the vapor phase in the presence of catalytic oxides of antimony, molybdenum, at least one element selected from the group consisting of niobium, zirconium, titanium and tantalum and optionally a reducing agent capable of reducing at least part of the molybdenum in the catalyst to a valence state below +6 selected from the group consisting of hydrazine hydrate, molybdenum, tungsten, magnesium, aluminum, and nickel. This catalyst may optionally contain one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Li, Ag, Ce, Cd, Co, As, Si, Zn, Ge, Bi, Ru, Pt, U, Al and Ni. Especially desirable yields of maleic anhydride are obtained from 1,3-butadiene in the presence of a catalyst wherein molybdenum metal is used as a reducing agent.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 4, 1977
    Date of Patent: May 22, 1979
  • Process for preparing improved amphora aggregates
    Patent number: 4153539
    Abstract: Improved amphora aggregates having a substantially spherical shape, a void center and two cavities 180.degree. apart in the external surface communicating to the void center are useful in diffusion-limited reactions and/or reactions in which heat transfer is critical. Especially preferred is use of the amphora aggregates in the hydrotreating of light hydrocarbon fractions, catalytic reforming, and fixed-bed alkylation processes.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 3, 1978
    Date of Patent: May 8, 1979
    Assignee: The Standard Oil Company
    Inventors: Daniel R. Herrington, Albert P. Schwerko
  • Reactor for contacting gases and a particulate solid
    Patent number: 4152393
    Abstract: A reactor that consists of a single shell that contains a reaction zone and a regeneration zone. The reaction zone and regeneration zone are arranged in such a manner that (a) a particulate solid may be transferred by flow of gases from the regeneration zone to the reaction zone by a first route and then back to the regeneration zone by a second route; and (b) the gases passing through the regeneration zone are not transferred to the reaction zone and the gases passing through the reaction zone are not transferred to the regeneration zone.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 12, 1977
    Date of Patent: May 1, 1979
    Assignee: The Standard Oil Company
    Inventors: James L. Callahan, Harley F. Hardman, Ernest C. Milberger
  • Process for forming multi-component oxide complex catalysts
    Patent number: 4148757
    Abstract: Multicomponent complex oxide catalysts based on bismuth molybdate, for example, are made by a technique in which the bismuth molybdate portion of the catalyst is preformed prior to combining with the remaining elements of the catalyst.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 10, 1977
    Date of Patent: April 10, 1979
    Assignee: The Standard Oil Company
    Inventors: James F. Brazdil, Dev D. Suresh, Robert K. Grasselli
  • Process for the desulfurization of petroleum coke
    Patent number: 4146434
    Abstract: Delayed coke especially manufactured for use in graphite can be effectively desulfurized by calcining in a hydrocarbon fuel-fired calciner in the temperature range of 2700.degree. F. to 2900.degree. F. without adversely affecting the strength of the coke or the coefficient of thermal expansion of the graphitized coke.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 7, 1976
    Date of Patent: March 27, 1979
    Assignee: Standard Oil Company (Indiana)
    Inventors: Harvey E. Alford, Edward N. Marsh
  • Process for the preparation of unsaturated acids from unsaturated aldehydes
    Patent number: 4146733
    Abstract: Methacrylic acid or acrylic acid are produced by the oxidation of methacrolein or acrolein, respectively, with molecular oxygen in the vapor phase in the presence of a catalytic oxide of molybdenum, phosphorus, arsenic, at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ag, Rh, Ru, and Au, oxygen, and optionally, at least one of Cd, Pt, Tl, Pd, Al, Ge, Cu, Ni, alkaline earth metal, NH.sub.4 and Cl.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 14, 1977
    Date of Patent: March 27, 1979
  • Method for making indene
    Patent number: 4143082
    Abstract: Unsubstituted and substituted bicyclic indene precursors more saturated than indene are converted to indene by a dehydrogenation process in which the indene precursor in the presence of an oxygen donor is contacted with a phosphate catalyst.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 18, 1977
    Date of Patent: March 6, 1979
    Assignee: The Standard Oil Company
    Inventors: Joseph P. Bartek, Robert K. Grasselli
  • Manganese containing fuels
    Patent number: 4141693
    Abstract: The invention is gasoline containing an added manganese compound to improve the octane rating of the gasoline and including a small amount of an additive selected from a group consisting of a monocarboxylic acid or its ester, a dicarboxylic acid or its monoester or diester, an alkylamine, phenol, a substituted phenol or mixture thereof.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 18, 1974
    Date of Patent: February 27, 1979
    Assignee: Standard Oil Company (Ohio)
    Inventors: Daniel W. Feldman, James W. Sprague, Franklin Veatch
  • Treatment of acrylonitrile waste water with activated carbon
    Patent number: 4141826
    Abstract: Waste water produced in an acrylonitrile plant and containing significant amounts of acrylonitrile and acrylic acid is processed so as to reduce its organics content for disposal purposes and to recover the acrylonitrile and acrylic acid contained therein. The waste water is treated by contact with activated carbon to adsorb the organics contained therein. The activated carbon is periodicaly regenerated with a desorbing liquid and the desorbate product is distilled to yield acrylonitrile and acrylic acid. Every fifth regeneration cycle, the activated carbon is regenerated thermally rather than means of a liquid in order to restore its activity to its original value.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 30, 1977
    Date of Patent: February 27, 1979
    Assignee: The Standard Oil Company
    Inventors: Harvey E. Alford, Kenneth L. Bigler
  • Process for producing pyridine or a substituted pyridine by ammoxidation of terpenes
    Patent number: 4140690
    Abstract: Terpenes are oxidized by contacting the terpene and oxygen with a catalyst. The catalyst may be either (a) a bismuth molybdate or (b) antimony oxide containing iron oxide and/or uranium oxide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 22, 1977
    Date of Patent: February 20, 1979
    Assignee: The Standard Oil Company
    Inventors: Serge R. Dolhyj, Louis J. Velenyi
  • Process for the preparation of unsaturated acids from unsaturated aldehydes
    Patent number: 4139719
    Abstract: Methacrylic acid or acrylic acid are produced by the oxidation of methacrolein or acrolein, respectively, with molecular oxygen in the vapor phase in the presence of a catalytic oxide of molybdenum, phosphorus, arsenic, at least one element selected from the group consisting of U, Ti, Nb, Re, Pb, Zn, and Ga, oxygen, and optionally, at least one of Cu, a rare earth element, Ag, Ta, In, Th, Cd, Tl, alkaline earth metal, NH.sub.4, Cl, Ni, Al and Ge.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 31, 1977
    Date of Patent: February 13, 1979
  • Production of unsaturated nitriles
    Patent number: 4139552
    Abstract: Catalysts containing iron, molybdenum, bismuth and nickel, cobalt, magnesium, zinc, cadmium, calcium or beryllium have been found to give especially large volumes of acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile in a given time when manganese, antimony, thorium, zirconium, yttrium or mixtures thereof are incorporated into the catalyst.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 4, 1974
    Date of Patent: February 13, 1979
    Assignee: The Standard Oil Company
    Inventors: Robert K. Grasselli, Dev D. Suresh, Harley F. Hardman
  • Process for producing unsaturated aliphatic acids and catalysts therefore
    Patent number: 4138366
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of unsaturated aliphatic acids and the catalyst therefore by the vapor phase oxidation of the corresponding unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes with molecular oxygen, optionally in the presence of steam, in the presence of an oxidation catalyst consisting of the oxides of the elements molybdenum, antimony and vanadium in combination with at least one of the oxides of the element selected from the group consisting of silver, magnesium, thallium and cadmium, and optionally one or more of the oxides of the elements of the group, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, iron, tin, chromium, titanium, bismuth, arsenic, phosphorus, rhenium, and zinc.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 17, 1976
    Date of Patent: February 6, 1979
    Assignee: The Standard Oil Company
    Inventors: Wilfrid G. Shaw, David B. Terrill
  • Coal desulfurization
    Patent number: 4137050
    Abstract: The pyritic sulfur content of coal can be significantly reduced by leaching the coal with an aqueous solution containing hexacyanoferrate (III) ions.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 31, 1978
    Date of Patent: January 30, 1979
    Assignee: Standard Oil Company (Ohio)
    Inventor: Stephen L. Grant
  • Process for the preparation of unsaturated acids from unsaturated aldehydes
    Patent number: 4136110
    Abstract: Methacrylic acid or acrylic acid is produced by the oxidation of methacrolein or acrolein respectively, with molecular oxygen in the vapor phase in the presence of a catalytic oxide of molybdenum and phosphorus, promoted with chromium or at least one element selected from the group consisting of thallium, rubidium, cesium, potassium, titanium, and arsenic, or a mixture thereof, wherein at least part of the molybdenum employed in the preparation of the catalyst is supplied in the form of molybdenum trioxide. The oxidation of methacrolein in the presence of a catalyst wherein all the molybdenum employed in the preparation of the catalyst has been supplied by molybdenum trioxide gives especially desirable high yields and selectivities to methacrylic acid.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 31, 1977
    Date of Patent: January 23, 1979
  • Dehydrogenation of paraffins
    Patent number: 4131631
    Abstract: A process for the dehydrogenation of paraffinic hydrocarbons containing from 3 to 6 carbon atoms to the corresponding monoolefin, wherein the process is carried out in the vapor phase, in the presence of oxygen and in the presence of an improved oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst containing cobalt and molybdenum.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 22, 1975
    Date of Patent: December 26, 1978
    Assignee: Standard Oil Company
    Inventor: Harley F. Hardman
  • Alkylation process utilizing the hydrocarbon phase from a reactor for condensing a vaporous distillation effluent
    Patent number: 4130593
    Abstract: In the process for the catalytic alkylation of isobutane with an olefin to produce alkylate, the liquid reactor effluent stream comprising a hydrocarbon mixture of alkylate, isobutane and inert alkanes is used to provide cooling to the various condensers in the alkylation process.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 18, 1976
    Date of Patent: December 19, 1978
    Assignee: The Standard Oil Company
    Inventor: Richard H. Jones
  • Alkylation process utilizing hydrocarbon phase for cooling and compressed vapor for supplying heat to distillation column
    Patent number: 4128597
    Abstract: In the process for the catalytic alkylation of isobutane with an olefin to produce alkylate, the liquid reactor effluent stream comprising a hydrocarbon mixture of alkylate, isobutane and inert alkanes is partially vaporized by providing cooling to various condensers in the alkylation process. The vapors are then recovered, compressed and used to provide heat to various distillation columns found in the process.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 26, 1977
    Date of Patent: December 5, 1978
    Assignee: The Standard Oil Company
    Inventor: Richard H. Jones