Abstract: A method for producing ingrain spun-like yarn simulating a blended staple yarn is described wherein continuous filament yarn is produced which has characteristics similar to blended staple spun yarns. Fabrics made from the yarns described herein provide a fine grained heather appearance without the normal moire or plaiting effect seen in previous ingrain continuous filament yarn fabrics. The unusual continuous filament yarn described herein is made by a texturing process which involves the combination of two or more differently dyeable continuous synthetic yarns which are false twist textured followed by overfeeding to an air bulking means. The preferred method utilizes false twist texturing of synthetic filaments such as polyester, nylon, cellulose acetate or cellulose triacetate and mixtures thereof wherein two differently dyeable yarns are combined with an air bulking jet interposed to act on the false twist textured yarn while it has a high residual torque and subsequently decaying said torque.

Abstract: The total weight of fibrous material delivered to a packaging device, such as staple textile fiber delivered to a baling press, is controlled so as to facilitate achieving more uniform package weight in accordance with a method and through the use of an apparatus in which material is successively accumulated into batches, each of which is a fractional portion of a desired package weight. Batches are accumulated and released as the actual weight of each delivered batch is determined and registered and the registered actual weights of the successive batches are totaled. The weight of at least certain batches in the succession is then adjusted in such a manner as to closely control the total weight. A weigh container having an inlet and an outlet is interposed between and operatively communicates with a source of supply of fibrous material, such as a tow cutter, and a packaging device, such as a baling press. A load cell is provided which signals the weight of material supported by the weigh container.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is provided for the placement of a heat-shrinkable film over the open portion of a container such as a glass, paper or plastic cup. The apparatus is particularly suitable for rapid placement of a heat-shrinkable film on food and beverage containers such as are commonly used in the fast-food service business. The apparatus comprises a film transport subsystem for withdrawing heat shrinkable film from a supply roll, cutting the film to size and positioning it for shrinkage onto a container and a heating subsystem which shrinks the film onto the top of a container. Operation of the apparatus is initiated by manual placement of the top of a container to be covered, against the film, pushing the container and film upwardly into the apparatus. The upward movement of the container engages the film and container top with a bonnet which initiates blowing of hot air of heat shrinkable temperatures to heat the exposed edges of the film and shrink the film onto the container.

Abstract: According to a preferred embodiment, polyethylene terephthalate polymer is prepared by a process including addition to the melt of 0.45 up to 0.9% by weight of 1,2-epoxy-3-phenoxypropane, and triphenylphosphite, as a stabilizer.

Abstract: A method for producing a spun-like yarn simulating a staple yarn is described wherein continuous filament yarn is produced which has characteristics similar to a staple spun yarn. The unusual continuous filament yarn produced is made by a texturing process which involves the crimping of a continuous synthetic yarn followed by overfeeding to an air bulking means and thence to heat setting means. The preferred method utilizes false twist texturing of synthetic filaments such as polyester, nylon, cellulose acetate or cellulose triacetate and mixtures thereof with an air bulking jet interposed to act on the false twist textured yarn while it has a high residual torque and subsequently decaying said torque.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the manufacture of potentially crimpable, synthetic linear polymer filaments which comprises the steps of melt spinning a plurality of filaments, initially partially cooling the hot filaments evenly with a stream of gas, and asymmetrically cooling the filaments further by causing them to contact continuously renewed thin film of liquid.

Abstract: A process is described for manufacturing fibrous materials such as carpet yarns and textile yarns, wherein the yarns contain at least two groups of differentially dyeable nylon filaments. The fiber chemical structure of the filaments is altered so that groups of nylon filaments in the yarn have at least two distinctly different dyeability properties. Each group of nylon filaments has an anionic polymer group difference of at least 20 microequivalents per gram of polymer, thereby providing visible differences in dye uptake.

Abstract: In the preparation of a fiber-forming polyester, the number of free carboxyl end groups present in the polymer may be reduced by adding to the polymerized polyester a glycidyl ether which reacts with the carboxyl end groups present to form free hydroxyl end groups.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method is disclosed for the production of synthetic filament yarns containing substantial portions of additives which retain or develop a stickiness under certain yarn spinning conditions. Such additives cause the individual filaments in the yarn to adhere to each other under hot, humid spinning conditions such as are countered more particularly in nylon spinning-steam conditioning. The apparatus disclosed is a convergence guide which brings the filaments together in the spinning column just prior to the steam conditioner, but in so converging the filaments, maintains the individual filaments in a spaced relationship to each other such that they remain separate from each other as they pass through a steam conditioner.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the separation of a mixture of gas and polymer issuing from continuous polymerization apparatus in which the mixture is passed sideways into a vessel via a polymer-gas separating means while directing the polymer smoothly to a pool of molten polymer.

Abstract: There is provided a process for preparing yarn comprised of at least 83 percent (by weight) of poly(tetramethylene) terephthalate with a spun denier per filament of from about 0.6 to about 50 from a polymer with a relative viscosity of from about 10 to about 50. In said process filaments of said polymer are extruded through a spinnerette at a spinning temperature of from about 240 to about 280 degrees centigrade, and the extruded filaments are taken up at a windup speed of from about 1000 to about 10,000 feet per minute; during said extrusion, the spinning threadline tension per extruded filament (as measured about 70 inches from the face of the spinnerette) is at least 0.09 grams per filament. Thereafter the extruded filaments are drawn in one or more stages to a draw ratio of from about 1.0 to about 5.0 and, during the drawing step, the filaments are passed over a heated object at a temperature of from about 60 to about 180 degrees centigrade.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for improving the adhesion between normally non-adhesive components in a multi-component polymeric fiber by the addition of one or more defined plasticizers to one or more of the components.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for the production of a novel industrial polyester filament yarn of improved uniformity wherein a plurality of filaments are melt-spun into a heated zone coupled with controlled cooling. The yarn produced has improved long and short term Uster uniformity and improved uniformity of physical properties, particularly breaking strength, as shown by a reduced standard deviation of breaking strength. The yarn is produced by melt spinning into a heated zone which maintains the filaments molten for intervals below the spinneret face and subsequently quenching the filaments with a radial outflow of cooling gases, thereby producing a low birefringence yarn which is capable of being drawn at high draw ratios to high tenacities.

Abstract: A filamentary yarn knot is described for use in creeling and transfer tailing yarns in a process which involves draw texturing. The yarns being creeled are undrawn or only partially drawn which are knotted together utilizing a balance knot. The yarn ends are first drawn prior to knotting the yarn so that the knot diameter is reduced to a diameter smaller than the diameter of the undrawn yarn and not greater than twice that of the drawn yarn.

Abstract: A process is described for false twist texturing polyester filament yarn at greatly enhanced speeds while inserting comparable twist levels and obtaining comparable yarn bulk without increasing yarn heat setting lengths. The process is particularly adopted to the utilization of partially oriented yarns in a draw texturing operation utilizing friction twisting as the means for simultaneously drawing and heat setting the yarn in a twisted state.

Abstract: A method for the direct extraction of metal values from subterranean sulfide ore deposits is described utilizing electrochemical techniques. The method eliminates the physical digging and crushing of ore. The process can be controlled to extract only the metal values and other useful chemicals from the earth deposit, thus reducing waste disposal and environmental pollution problems. The prior art difficulty with polarization of the electrodes is overcome by utilizing electrolytes of high halogen ion content, thus eliminating insulating sulfur buildups and permitting economical usage of higher current densities.

Abstract: A method is described for the direct extraction of copper as finely divided metal from subterranean sulfide ore deposits containing the same utilizing electrochemical techniques. The method eliminates the physical digging and crushing of ore and greatly reduces subsequent refining and further purification of the recovered copper. Copper produced in accordance with the method can, in many instances, be used in the recovered form. Alternative processing techniques are described for simultaneously producing both finely divided copper and finely divided iron from sulfide ores containing the same.

Abstract: Yarn is simultaneously drawn and false twist crimped at a draw ratio below the standard draw ratio for the yarn when flat drawn, with the false twist passing through the draw necking portion of the yarn.

Abstract: A crimped deregistered tow of continuous filaments wherein the filaments are coated with a silicone finish which is substantially free of antistatic agents and the products produced therefrom such as pillow, sleeping bags, furniture cushions and the like.

Abstract: Uniformly drawing tows of synthetic linear thermoplastic polymer filaments between sets of feed rolls and draw rolls by saturating a tow while on the feed rolls with water at a temperature of Tg .+-. 10.degree.C and ensuring that drawing is substantially complete before the tow leaves the last feed roll.