Abstract: A graft copolymer dispersant (binder) having a weight average molecular weight of about 5,000-100,000 wherein: (1) the graft copolymer has a polymeric backbone formed by polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers; (2) the graft copolymer has macromonomer side chains attached to the backbone at a single terminal point that have weight average molecular weights of about 1,000-30,000 and are formed from by polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of a cobalt chain transfer agent. The graft copolymer further contains about 2 to 70% by weight, based on the weight of the graft copolymer, of polymerized constituents having a phosphate moiety or phosphoric acid moleties that are polymerized into the backbone, the side chains, or both. The graft copolymer is neutralized with an inorganic base or an amine.

Abstract: Measurement of stress-strain relationships in thin films using substantially flat, parallel test surfaces with minimal width.

Abstract: Heat distortion temperature of polyvinyl chloride compositions can be significantly increased above the heat distortion temperature of uncompounded polyvinyl chloride while good appearance of extruded material is preserved by preblending an imidized acrylic resin having a glass transition temperature above 130.degree. C. with a third polymer melt-processable throughout the temperature range of 150.degree.-300.degree. C. under conditions where a two-phase blend is formed, wherein the third polymer forms the continuous phase and the imidized acrylic resin forms the dispersed phase and then melt-blending the two-phase blend with polyvinyl chloride at a temperature of 150.degree.-220.degree. C. to form a composition in which the imidized acrylic resin forms a substantially homogeneous blend with polyvinyl chloride.

Abstract: A pigment dispersion useful for forming aqueous coating compositions containing metallic flake pigment, an aqueous carrier and a graft copolymer dispersant (binder);wherein the graft copolymer has a weight average molecular weight of about 5,000-100,000 and comprises a polymeric backbone and macromonomer side chains attached to the backbone wherein(1) the polymeric backbone is formed of polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomers and(2) the side chains are macromonomers that are attached to the backbone at a single terminal point and formed from polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomers that are polymerized in the presence of a cobalt chain transfer agent have a weight average molecular weight of about 1,000-30,000;wherein the graft copolymer contains about 2 to 70% by weight, based on the weight of the graft copolymer, of polymerized constituents having a phosphate moiety and phosphoric acid moieties that are polymerized into the backbone, the side chains or both and the polymer is neutralized with a

Abstract: Holographic flake pigments, processes for making the pigments, decorative coatings comprising the pigments, and articles comprising the decorative coatings are disclosed. The pigment comprises particles that (1) comprise an organic polymer and further comprise one or more volume phase holograms; and (2) have a thickness of about 1 micrometer to about 100 micrometers, an average diameter of about 10 micrometers to about 300 micrometers, and a thickness to diameter ratio of about 1:2 to about 1:60.

Abstract: Holographic flake pigments, processes for making the pigments, decorative coatings comprising the pigments, and articles comprising the decorative coatings are disclosed. The pigment comprises particles that (1) comprise an organic polymer and further comprise one or more volume phase holograms; and (2) have a thickness of about 1 micrometer to about 100 micrometers, an average diameter of about 10 micrometers to about 300 micrometers, and a thickness to diameter ratio of about 1:2 to about 1:60.

Abstract: Holographic flake pigments, processes for making the pigments, decorative coatings comprising the pigments, and articles comprising the decorative coatings are disclosed. The pigment comprises particles that (1) comprise an organic polymer and further comprise one or more volume phase holograms; and (2) have a thickness of about 1 micrometer to about 100 micrometers, an average diameter of about 10 micrometers to about 300 micrometers, and a thickness to diameter ratio of about 1:2 to about 1:60.

Abstract: An improved aqueous cathodic electrocoating composition having a binder of an epoxy-amine adduct which is of an epoxy resin that has been reacted with an amine, and a blocked polyisocyanate crosslinking agent; wherein the improvement is the use of a water soluble electrically conductive polymeric additive of a polyepoxy hydroxy ether resin reacted with a ketimine and optionally up to 60% of the epoxy end groups of the resin reacted with another amine and the resin has an epoxy equivalent weight of about 500-900, a weight average molecular weight of about 1,000-5,000 and an electrical conductivity of about 4,000-8,000 microsiemens to provide an electrocoating composition having improved throw power.

Abstract: An improved solvent borne primer composition containing as the binder a polyester, polyester urethane or an epoxy polyester and a monomeric or polymeric alkylated melamine formaldehyde crosslinking agent and containing pigments in a pigment to binder weight ratio of about 10/100 to 200/100; where the improvement is the use of about 0.1-10% by weight, based on the weight of the binder, of a zircoaluminate coupling agent of the formula ##STR1## where R is an organo functional group; wherein the primer provides excellent adhesion to waterborne basecoats that are applied over the primer.

Abstract: An improved aqueous cathodic electrocoating composition of an aqueous carrier having dispersed therein a film forming binder of (1) an epoxy resin-amine adduct and (2) a blocked polyisocyanate crosslinking agent; wherein the improvement is the use of a branched epoxy resin to form the adduct which is the reaction product of a polyhydric phenol and a branched epoxy macromonomer formed by the self condensation of an epoxy resin in the presence of a catalyst; the branched epoxy resin has an epoxy equivalent weight of about 700-2,000 and provides an electrocoating composition that has improved throw power and that forms coatings that have improved corrosion resistance in comparison to conventional electrocoating compositions formed from linear epoxy resins.

Abstract: An improved aqueous cathodic electrocoating composition of an aqueous carrier having dispersed therein a film forming binder of (1) an epoxy resin-amine adduct and (2) a blocked polyisocyanate crosslinking agent; wherein the improvement is the use of a branched epoxy resin to form the adduct which is the reaction product of a polyhydric phenol and a branched epoxy macromonomer formed by the self condensation of an epoxy resin in the presence of a catalyst; the branched epoxy resin has an epoxy equivalent weight of about 700-2,000 and provides an electrocoating composition that has improved throw power and that forms coatings that have improved corrosion resistance in comparison to conventional electrocoating compositions formed from linear epoxy resins.

Abstract: Holographic flake pigments, processes for making the pigments, decorative coatings comprising the pigments, and articles comprising the decorative coatings are disclosed. The pigment comprises particles that (1) comprise an organic polymer and further comprise one or more volume phase holograms; and (2) have a thickness of about 1 micrometer to about 100 micrometers, an average diameter of about 10 micrometers to about 300 micrometers, and a thickness to diameter ratio of about 1:2 to about 1:60.

Abstract: An improved aqueous cathodic electrocoating composition having a binder of an epoxy resin-amine adduct which is an epoxy resin that has been reacted with an amine, and a blocked polyisocyanate crosslinking agent; wherein the improvement is the use of a multihydric phenol i.e., a phenol having more than two reactive hydroxyl groups along with a dihydric phenol to form the epoxy resin used in the electrocoating composition to provide a composition having improved throw power.

Abstract: A cationic finely divided polymeric microgel dispersed in an aqueous medium for use in cationic electrocoating compositions which is a polyamine reaction product having reactive amine and hydroxyl groups and is the reaction product of a polyepoxy hydroxy polymer and an amine compound from the group of ketimines, primary amines, secondary amines or any mixtures thereof: the polyepoxy amine reaction product is reacted with an oxime blocked polyisocyanate under temperature conditions sufficient to deblock the polyisocyanate thereby providing reactive isocyanate groups which react with the amine groups and hydroxyl groups of the polyamine reaction to form a crosslinked microgel; residual amine groups of the microgel are neutralized with an organic acid to form cationic groups that are water dispersible. A process for forming the microgel and cationic electrocoating compositions containing the microgel are included.

Abstract: A waterbased coating composition containing about 10-30% by weight of film forming binder dispersed in an aqueous carrier; wherein the binder contains abouta. 20-85% by weight, based on the weight of the binder, of a methylol (meth)acrylamide carboxyl containing acrylic polymer and the carboxyl groups of the polymer are reacted with ammonia or amine to provide a pH to the composition of about 7.0-10.0;b. 10-40% by weight, based on the weight of the binder, of a polyurethane which is either a polyester urethane, polyether urethane or polyacrylourethane;c. 5-40% by weight, based on the weight of the binder of a water-soluble or a water-dispersible alkylated melamine formaldehyde crosslinking agent of a polymeric partially methylated melamine formaldehyde resin having a degree of polymerization of about 1-3;the composition forms an automotive quality clear coat and/or pigmented color coat for automobiles and trucks; and the acrylic polymer can be used to form an automotive quality primer composition.

Abstract: An improved aqueous electrocoating composition having a binder of an epoxy-amine adduct and a blocked polyisocyanate crosslinking agent; wherein the improvement is the use of zinc hydroxyphosphite pigment as a corrosion inhibitive pigment and an as a curing catalyst which provides an excellent cure under overbake and underbake conditions and forms a coating with excellent chip resistance and the throwing power of the electrocoating composition is significantly improved.

Abstract: A cationic finely divided polymeric microgel dispersed in an aqueous medium for use in cationic electrocoating compositions containing a poly epoxy hydroxy ether resin having terminal epoxy groups and having about 20-60% of the terminal epoxy groups reacted with ketimine or oxazolidine, 10-60% of the terminal epoxy groups reacted with a primary or secondary amine or mixtures thereof to form hydroxy and amine groups and 10-40% of the terminal epoxy groups are unreacted; wherein the terminal epoxy groups are reacted with amine groups thereby forming a crosslinked microgel and residual amine groups are neutralized with acid to form cationic groups thereby forming a water dispersible microgel.

Abstract: A cationic finely divided polymeric microgel dispersed in an aqueous medium for use in cationic electrocoating compositions of a epoxy terminated polyepoxy hydroxy ether resin being end capped with a ketimine, a primary amine, secondary amine or mixtures thereof and amino siloxane to provide silanol groups and amino groups; the amino groups of the polymeric microgel being neutralized with an acid to form cationic groups for water dispersibility and the silanol groups being condensed with hydroxy groups of the resins and other silanol groups of the resin thereby forming a crosslinked microgel.

Abstract: A polymer dispersion of a star polymer dispersed in an organic liquid; wherein the star polymer has a crosslinked core having attached thereto at least three macrononomer arms; where(1) the core is formed of monomers having at least two ethylenically unsaturated double bonds which are crosslinked with each other and the core has at least 3 free radical polymerizable sites each of which are reacted with the macromonomer; and(2) the macromonomer that forms the arms of the star polymer is formed of ethylenically unsaturated monomers that have been polymerized by free radical polymerization in the presence of a free radical polymerization initiator and a catalytic chain transfer agent containing CO.sup.+2 to provide the macromonomer with a terminal ethylenically unsaturated group that is polymerized with the free radical polymerizable site on the core to form the star polymer. The process for making the star polymer and coating compositions that utilize the star polymer are also part of this invention.

Abstract: A mixing lid with a pouring device for containers used on stirring machines includes an integral one piece slidable closure for a pouring spout and has a first rearward opened pouring position and a second forward closed sealed position. A removably secured front slide closure plate is provided for closing the spout in the second forward closed position. The slidable closure includes a rear rocker engagement member. An operating lever has front and rear ends and is pivotally mounted on the lid intermediate the ends thereof. The lever includes manual press portion on the rear end and a rocker on the front end engageable with the rocker engagement member. A retaining spring engageable with the integral one piece slidable closure and the removably secured front slidable closure plate is provided for maintaining the removably secured slidable closure plate in contact with the pouring spout when the integral one piece slidable closure is in the first and second positions.