Abstract: A method for designing a spectacle lens that includes an optical convex surface on an object side of the spectacle lens and an optical concave surface on an eye side of the spectacle lens and is mounted in a spectacle frame in a manner tilting with respect to a forward sight line, the optical convex surface being spherical, the optical concave surface being optically curved according to a prescription, the method including: defining a design reference point at an intersection of the optical concave surface and the forward sight line; and determining an angle formed by a tangent line at the design reference point and a perpendicular plane perpendicular to the forward sight line as a lens tilt angle ? with which the spectacle lens is mounted in the spectacle frame.

Abstract: Provided is an organic EL element including: a first electrode 13; a protection layer 15 that is formed on the first electrode 13 and has an opening portion through which the first electrode 13 is exposed; an insulation layer 17 that is formed on the protection layer 15; an organic layer 19 that is formed over the insulation layer 17 and the first electrode 13 exposed through the opening portion, and includes an emission layer; and a second electrode 21 formed on the organic layer 19, wherein a film thickness of the protection layer 15 is less than that of the organic layer 19.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus comprises: a latent image carrier which carries an electrostatic latent image; a developing unit which visualizes with toner the electrostatic latent image carried by the latent image carrier and forms a toner image; an intermediate transfer medium to which the toner image is transferred from the latent image carrier and which rotates and transports the toner image to a predetermined transfer position and transfers the toner image to a recording medium; a cleaner which abuts on the surface of the intermediate transfer medium and removes toner which adheres to the surface of the intermediate transfer medium after the transfer to the recording medium; and a controller which, assuming that the direction which is orthogonal to the travel direction in which the intermediate transfer medium moves is a width direction, executes toner accumulating processing during which predetermined toner images are formed as end patch images in end areas of the surface of the intermediate transfer medium

Abstract: An optical write line head includes multiple rows of light emitter devices lined up corresponding to respective positive lenses located in array form, wherein even with a fluctuation of its write plane in an optical axis direction, there is none of variations resulting from displacements of light emitting dots. A plurality of light emitter blocks, each including at least one row of light emitter devices lined up in a main scan direction, are located at a spacing in the main scan direction to define a light emitter array. On the exit side of the light emitter array, a lens array including one positive lens system in alignment with each light emitter block is located parallel with the light emitter array, and a write plane is located parallel on the imaging side of the lens array. A stop plate forming an aperture stop is located near a light-gathering position at which parallel light incident from the write plane side on each positive lens system comes together.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a plurality of chips efficiently disposed in a limited space of an opening that has an approximately elliptical or elongate-circular opening shape. The device includes a lead having a slit formed between a portion for bonding a wire to and a portion for mounting chips on, thereby to prevent extrusion of an adhesive and eliminate defective bonding.

Abstract: A light scanning apparatus makes a light beam scan along a main scanning direction on an effective scanning region which has a predetermined width. The apparatus comprises: a light source which emits the light beam; a deflector which includes an oscillation mirror which oscillates about an oscillatory axis which is orthogonal or approximately orthogonal to the main scanning direction, deflects the light beam emitted from the light source using the oscillation mirror, and makes the light beam scan a second scanning range which contains but extends beyond a first scanning range which corresponds to the effective scanning region; a detector which detects the scanning light beam which moves through a position which is outside the first scanning range but is within the second scanning range, and outputs a signal; and a controller which controls a mirror drive signal fed to the oscillation mirror based on the output signal from the detector and accordingly adjusts the amplitude of the oscillation mirror.

Abstract: In a line head, a plurality of element arrays arranged in a first direction. Each array includes a plurality of light emission elements arrayed in a second direction which is perpendicularly to the first direction. The light emission elements emit light for forming an electrostatic latent image on a photosensitive surface of an image carrier. A switcher activates the light emission elements in at least one of the element arrays while deactivating the others. A developer develops the latent image as a visible image with toner.

Abstract: An electrical apparatus that can be fixed to a supporting frame having a mounting window to receive the electrical apparatus includes a main body having a substantially box-like shape and first fixing elements provided on first and second opposite sides of the body to engage with corresponding second fixing elements the frame and facing the mounting window. The first fixing elements include guiding fixing elements to permit axial and guided sliding of electrical apparatus with respect to the frame in inserting the apparatus into the mounting window. The first fixing elements further include snap-in fixing elements to block axial sliding of the electrical apparatus with respect to the frame once a predetermined snap-in position has been reached.

Abstract: A portable electronic device includes a first chassis and a second chassis movably connected to one another, which can be opened away from one another and closed against one another, a magnetic recording device (a hard disk device) provided within the first chassis, and a wireless communication module (a non contact type IC module) provided within the second chassis. The portable electronic device can be operated in a mode #1 in which the operation of the non contact type IC module is permitted while the operation of the HDD section is prohibited, or in a mode #2 in which the operation of the non contact type IC module is prohibited while the operation of the HDD section is permitted. Since operation of the non contact type IC module is prohibited when the system is changed over from the mode #1 to the mode #2, accordingly the HDD section can perform reading or writing without experiencing any influence due to shock, magnetism, or electromagnetic waves.

Abstract: A mobile terminal apparatus requests a character be displayed which is assigned to a first key upon being pushed, and if operated continuously for a time span that exceeds a predetermined time, requests a next character be displayed which is assigned to the first key instead of the character assigned to the first key and currently being displayed, if the time span exceeds the predetermined time and the character assigned to the first key and currently being displayed is a special character that has another variation, changes the character to a character of the another variation, and, when the time span exceeds the predetermined time and the character assigned to the first key and currently being displayed is not a special character, requests a new character be displayed right next to the character which is currently being displayed.

Abstract: This invention generally relates to a method and apparatus for determining carbon emission reduction credits and, more particularly, to a method and apparatus for generating and quantifying standardized carbon emission reduction credits. General data and site-specific data, if available, are input into a carbon sequestration model to determine the approximate change in the level of carbon compounds stored in a media, such as soil, over a specified period of time. An uncertainty analysis is conducted on the results to quantify and normalize carbon emission reduction credits. Standardized carbon emission reduction credits may be compiled for trade and other carbon emission reduction credits are placed in reserve.

Abstract: The peptide production method of the present invention produces a peptide (SEQ ID NO: 1) of a protein from Plasmodium falciparum, which is effective as a malaria vaccine. The method produces the peptide of SEQ ID NO: 1 by linking the fragments (i) through (v) shown below: (v) Asn-Asn-Asp-Xaa (SEQ ID NO: 2); (iv) Asp-Phe-Lys-Thr-Pro (SEQ ID NO: 3); (iii) Asn-Lys-Thr-Tyr-Asp-Leu (SEQ ID NO: 4); (ii) Phe-Tyr-Asn-Ser-Glu (SEQ ID NO: 5); and (i) Xaa-Ala-Ser-Glu (SEQ ID NO: 6), where ‘Xaa’ in (i) and (v) represents zero or any arbitrary number of amino acid residues.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing double barrel shotgun barrels, including the steps of providing an elongated metal stock material having a first end and a second end, forming two index holes in both the first end and the second end of the material, forming a first and second bore hole through the material, and then profiling the material into a desired gun barrel profile. 16. Double barrel shotgun barrels formed from a single piece of elongated solid metal stock material according to the process of the invention are also taught.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of performing time drift compensation in a receiver (200) and a receiver (200) for performing time drift compensation. The basic idea of the invention is that a signal is received at the receiver. A control pulse is produced after a certain number of chips of the received signal has been received. A variable delay that is applied to the received signal is controlled by means of the control pulse. The resulting delayed signal is supplied to demodulation units (202, 203) in the receiver, in which delayed signal chips have been omitted or duplicated. A compensation signal is supplied to the demodulation units in the receiver, and this compensation signal indicates whether chips have been omitted or duplicated in the delayed signal. Finally, the delayed signal is demodulated such that the demodulation units consider the omission or duplication of chips in the delayed signal.

Abstract: A communication system has a personal computer (PC) which obtains a communication function by acquiring a modem driver, and a portable communication terminal which can communicate with the PC. The portable communication terminal includes a USB interface section to be connected to the PC, a RAM storing an address of a server that stores the modem driver, and a control section which downloads the modem driver from the server through a wireless communication section, and transmits the downloaded modem driver to the PC through the USB interface section.

Abstract: A circuit for measuring maximum operating frequency and its corresponding duty cycle for an input I/O cell implementation under test (IUT) includes a condition checking module, a central control module and a duty cycle measurement module. The condition checking module checks an upper threshold voltage and a lower threshold voltage. The central control module controls a plurality of operations for measuring the frequency. The duty cycle measurement module measures the duty cycle and finally all these modules together and calculates maximum operating frequency of the IUT.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy that includes three components, wherein the first component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formulas (1-1) to (1-6), the second component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (2), and the third component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formulas (3-1) and (3-2): wherein, for example, R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons; X1 and X2 are fluorine; Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5 and Z6 are a single bond; and ring A, ring B, ring C and ring D are 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition is provided that satisfies at least one characteristic among the characteristics such as a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase, a low minimum temperature of a nematic phase, a small viscosity, a large optical anisotropy, a large dielectric anisotropy, a large specific resistance, a high stability to ultraviolet light and a high stability to heat, or is properly balanced regarding at least two characteristics. An AM device is provided that has a short response time, a large voltage holding ratio, a large contrast ratio, a long service life and so forth. The liquid crystal composition contains a specific tricyclic compound having a large optical anisotropy as the first component and a specific tetracyclic compound having a large dielectric anisotropy as the second component, and may contain a specific bicyclic compound having a particularly small viscosity as the third component. The liquid crystal composition has a nematic phase.

Abstract: A method for producing a biodegradable bag and for packing a food, such as a snack food, which is required to have an oxygen barrier property and a water vapor barrier property. The biodegradable bag can be produced at a high speed by a bag making and packaging machine, which can be degraded by naturally occurring microorganisms in soil or water finally to a non-hazardous degradation product, which can be biorecycled, and which is not accumulated in nature. The biodegradable bag for packing a food comprises a laminated film obtainable by laminating in the following order: a sealant layer comprising a biodegradable polymer; a barrier layer having an oxygen barrier property and a water vapor barrier property; and a barrier layer-supporting substrate layer comprising a biodegradable polymer, the laminated film being heat-sealed in order for the sealant layer to be inside.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a support frame (1) for wall-mounting one or more electrical apparatuses, the frame comprising a frame body (2) that can be fixed to a wall and extending around an opening (5) defining a mounting seat suitable for receiving and holding one or more electrical apparatuses. The support frame (1) is characterised in that it also includes: —at least one optical source (7.1, 7.2) suitable for generating an optical signal; —an electrical circuit (20, 10) connected to said optical source (7.1, 7.2) to supply it with an electrical power supply signal, —means (16.1, 16.2, 16.3) for housing said electrical circuit (20, 10) and said source (7.1, 7.2), foreseen in said frame body (2), the frame body (2) allowing the propagation of at least one part of said optical signal towards the outside of said body.