Abstract: Frequency information is selectively removed from a video signal in order to decrease the number of color values required for video compression. Removal of the frequency information includes both periodic raking out of narrow frequency bands, and rounding of frequency values. The frequency information removal is carried out selectively in those portions of the visible light spectrum in which the human eye's color response is strongest, thus allowing increases in video compression ratios without visible degradation of image quality.

Abstract: The present invention is an improved gastric bypass, a surgical method to treat clinically significant obesity, in which the likelihood of post-surgical complications is reduced.

Abstract: A permanent magnet rotating machine control system and method includes an estimator that calculates an estimate of the machine's rotor speed. The estimator receives energization feed back from the machine in a first rotating reference frame and outputs the rotor speed estimate in a second rotating reference frame. A controller receives a rotor speed demand and the rotor speed estimate, and outputs control signals for controlling energization of the machine in response to the rotor speed demand and rotor speed estimate signals. The first rotating reference frame rotates at the commanded rotor speed, and the second rotating reference frame rotates at the estimated actual rotor speed.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling a rotating electromagnetic machine. The rotating machine, such as a permanent magnet motor or switched reluctance motor, includes a stator having a plurality of phase windings and a rotor that rotates relative to the stator. A drive is connected to the phase windings for energizing the windings. The control system includes an estimator connectable to the machine for receiving signals representing the phase winding voltage and rotor position. The estimator outputs parameter estimations for an electrical model of the machine based on the received voltage and rotor position. A torque model receives the parameter estimations from the estimator to estimate torque for associated rotor position-phase current combinations of the machine. A controller outputs a control signal to the drive in response to a torque demand and rotor position signals and the torque model.

Abstract: A comb-drive actuator includes a stationary comb structure having stationary comb fingers interdigiated with comb fingers of a mobile comb structure. The comb fingers include a p-type layer and an n-type layer forming a diode junction in each finger. The diode junctions of either the stationary comb fingers or the mobile comb finger are reversed biased, while at least one layer of the other set of comb fingers is grounded. This creates an attractive electric field between the sets of fingers, causing the mobile comb structure to move. The mobile comb structure of the actuator can be aligned along the rotational axis of a movable element and attached at one end to the movable element and at the other end to a flexure. The comb fingers can also be shaped to provide multi-gap and/or variable gap configurations between the stationary and mobile comb structures.

Abstract: Method for potentiating an engine's power contribution to a hybrid electric vehicle's performance in a take-off operating condition is disclosed. Normally, fuel injection to, and ignition at the engine 511 are only commenced when the engine is operating at a speed exceeding the resonance speed of the drive train to reduce engine start harshness; such resonance speeds of the drive train being dictated, at least in part, by transmission backlash, softness and the like. During high driver acceleration demands, however, ignition and the injection of fuel is desirably started as early as possible to potentiate output power and acceleration.

Abstract: A heating unit for use in a cooktop is disclosed. The heating unit includes a pan with an insulation structure supporting a heating element. The heating unit further includes a temperature sensor and indicator to be used as a visual indication to the user that the heating unit is energized.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nucleoside derivatives having photolabile protective groups of general formula (I) in which R1=H, NO2, CN, OCH3, halogen, an alkyl, alkoxy or alkoxyalkyl residue having 1 to 4 C atoms or an optionally substituted aryl residue or an aliphatic acyl residue having 2 to 5 atoms, R2=H, NO2, CN, OCH3, halogen, an alkyl, alkoxy or alkoxyalkyl residue having 1 to 4 C atoms or an optionally substituted aryl residue or an aliphatic acyl residue having 2 to 5 atoms, R3=H, halogen, NO2, CN, OCH3, an alkyl, alkoxy or alkoxyalkyl residue having 1 to 4 C atoms or an optionally substituted aryl residue or aliphatic acyl residue having 2 to 5 C atoms, R4=H, halogen, NO2, CN, OCH3, an alkyl, alkoxy, or alkoxyalkyl residue having 1 to 4 C atoms or an optionally substituted aryl residue or aliphatic acyl residue having 2 to 5 atoms, R5=H, dimethoxytrityl or a protective group common in the chemistry of nucleotides or a functional group com

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to methods and compositions for the identification of differential protein expression patterns and concomitantly the active genetic regions that are directly or indirectly involved in different tissue types, disease states, or other cellular differences desirable for diagnosis or for targets for drug therapy.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed which separate and identify lipoproteins in biological samples. An ultracentrifuge density gradient is used to separate lipoprotein fractions. The fractions are visualized, resulting in a lipoprotein profile. The fractions can be further analyzed by a wide array of laboratory and clinical methods. The lipoprotein profile can be used in clinical diagnoses and other medical applications.

Abstract: A Coriolis mass flow sensor includes a flow tube, a light source positioned adjacent a first side of the flow tube and a light detector positioned adjacent a second side of the flow tube. A drive device is operatively situated relative to the flow tube for vibrating the flow tube, such that the flow tube moves through a path defined between the light source and the light detector. In other aspects of the invention, a Coriolis mass flow sensor includes a flow tube and a frame having the flow tube mounted thereon. A drive device is operatively situated relative to the frame for vibrating the frame and at least one pick off sensor is situated relative to the flow tube so as to measure the twist in the flow tube due to Coriolis force. Other aspects of the invention concern a straight-tube Coriolis mass flow sensor. A flexible flow tube defines a generally linear flow path.

Abstract: Described herein are methods that can be used for diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer. Also described herein are methods that can be used to screen candidate bioactive agents for the ability to modulate breast cancer. Additionally, methods and molecular targets (genes and their products) for therapeutic intervention in breast cancer are described.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electrophoretic display comprising cells of well-defined shape, size and aspect ratio which cells are filled with charged pigment particles dispersed in a solvent, and novel processes for its manufacture.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electrophoretic display comprising isolated cells of well-defined shape, size and aspect ratio which cells are filled with charged pigment particles dispersed in a solvent, a backlight and optionally a background layer. The display may have the traditional up/down switching mode, an in-plane switching mode or a dual switching mode.

Abstract: A fuel cell system is described for providing backup power to one or more loads (including without limitation a cooling unit) upon the occurrence of a power outage condition, which includes a disruption or discontinuation in the delivery of primary power (i.e., power from a primary source, namely, a source other than the fuel cell system) to the one or more loads.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel synthetically-modified B. thuringiensis chimeric crystal proteins having improved insecticidal activity against coleopteran, dipteran and lepidopteran insects. Also disclosed are the nucleic acid segments encoding these novel peptides. Methods of making and using these genes and proteins are disclosed as well as methods for the recombinant expression, and transformation of suitable host cells. Transformed host cells and transgenic plants expressing the modified endotoxin are also aspects of the invention.

Abstract: A new variety of pot Chrysanthemum plant named ‘Hi Time,’ having a good canopy of dark pink single flowers with a strong contrasting disc. The new variety has a medium vigor, free branching habit and a good foliage presentation.

Abstract: A new variety of Chrysanthemum plant named ‘Dragon Time,’ having a full canopy of yellow and red single flowers. The new variety ‘Dragon Time’ has a medium to tall vigor with a free branching habit and a good foliage presentation.

Abstract: A new variety of Chrysanthemum plant named ‘Mega Time Peach,’ having a good uniform canopy of peach single flowers and a light green disc. The new variety has a medium tall vigor, free branching, uniform spreading habit and good foliage presentation.