Abstract: The invention pertains to improved lubricating oil dispersants wherein a fractionating polymer is prepared prior to functionalization (e.g., in the Koch reaction) for making dispersant additives. In one aspect, it was discovered that by fractionating a polymer to remove light hydrocarbon and unreacted monomer from the polymer before the carbonylation step of the Koch reaction, the amount of light ester impurities generated was minimized. Light ester is an undesirable byproduct that adversely affects the recycle of the catalyst from the functionalization step of the Koch reaction. The invention also pertains to improved lubricating oil nitrogen-containing dispersant additives derived from fractionated polymer.

Abstract: Hydrocarbyl substituted C.sub.4 to C.sub.10 monounsaturated dicarboxylic acid, anhydrides or esters, e.g. polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride, preferably made by reacting polymer of C.sub.2 to C.sub.10 monoolefin, preferably polyisobutylene, having a molecular weight of about 700 to 1200, preferably with a C.sub.4 to C.sub.10 monounsaturated acid, anhydride or ester, preferably maleic anhydride, such that there are 1.2 to 2.0 dicarboxylic acid producing moieties per molecule of said olefin polymer used in the reaction mixture. The resulting materials may be further reacted with amines, alcohols, amino alcohols, boric acid, etc. to form dispersants.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an oil-soluble fuel and lubricating oil additive comprising at least one terminally unsaturated ethylene alpha-olefin polymer of 300 to 20,000 number average molecular weight substituted with mono- or dicarboxylic acid producing moieties (preferably dicarboxylic acid or anhydride moieties), wherein the terminal unsaturation comprises terminal ethenylidene unsaturation. The mono- and dicarboxylic acid or anhydride substituted polymers of this invention are useful per se as additives to lubricating oils, and can also be reacted with a nucleophilic reagent, such as amines, alcohols, amino alcohols and reactive metal compounds, to form products which are also useful fuel and lubricating oil additives, e.g., as dispersants.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to oil-soluble lubricating oil additives comprising Mannich Base condensates of an alkyl substituted hydroxy aromatic compound with formaldehyde and an amine, wherein the alkyl-moiety of the aromatic compounds is derived from a mixture comprising at least one ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer of 300 to 20,000 number average molecular weight, wherein at least about 30% of the polymer's chains contain terminal ethenylidene unsaturation and (ii) at least one polyalkene derived from at least one C.sub.2 to C.sub.20 alkene, the polyalkene having a number average molecular weight of at least about 900. The Mannich Base condensates of this invention are useful as dispersants.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to branched amidoamine additives useful in oleaginous compositions formed by (a) reacting a first nitrogen-containing compound (e.g., ammonia or an organic amine) with an alpha, betaunsaturated compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein W.sup.1 is sulfur or oxygen, Y is --OR.sup.4, --SR.sup.4, or --NR.sup.4 (R.sup.5), and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are the same or different and are hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, to form a first adduct containing unreacted --C(W.sup.1)--Y groups; (b) reacting the first adduct with a polyamine (e.g., a polyalkylene polyamine) to form a second adduct containing unreacted --NH-- group (preferably primary amine groups) and comprising a branched amido-amine oligomer; and (c) reacting the second adduct with mixtures of an aldehyde and a long chain hydrocarbyl substituted hydroxy aromatic compound.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to oil-soluble lubricating oil additives comprising borated Mannich Base condensates of an alkyl substituted hydroxy aromatic compound with formaldehyde and an amine, wherein the alkyl-moiety of the aromatic compounds is derived from at least one ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer of 300 to 20,000 number average molecular weight, wherein at least about 30% of the polymer's chains contain terminal ethenylidene unsaturation. The borated Mannich Base condensates of this invention are useful as dispersants.

Abstract: The novel polymers of the present invention are prepared by graft polymerization of at least one aromatic nitrogen-containing monomer onto a low T.sub.g amino-substituted polymer (e.g., an ethylene alpha-olefin interpolymer substituted by primary amino or secondary amino groups). Preferred aromatic nitrogen-containing moieties are illustrated by aniline, and preferred low T.sub.g amino-substituted interpolymers comprise amino-substituted ethylene propylene norbornene elastomeric terpolymers. The polymers of this invention are useful in electrical, textile and other applications.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an oil-soluble fuel and lubricating oil additive comprising at least one terminally unsaturated ethylene alpha-olefin polymer of 300 to 20,000 number average molecular weight substituted with mono- or dicarboxylic acid producing moieties (preferably dicarboxylic acid or anhydride moieties), wherein the terminal unsaturation comprises terminal ethenylidene unsaturation. The mono- and dicarboxylic acid or anhydride substituted polymers of this invention are useful per se as additives to lubricating oils, and can also be reacted with a nucleophilic reagent, such as amines, alcohols, amino alcohols and reactive metal compounds, to form products which are also useful fuel and lubricating oil additives, e.g., as dispersants.

Abstract: A method is provided for the direct synthesis of novel polymeric materials functionalized with desirable nitrogen-containing functional groups such as terminal azido, cyano, carbonylamino or thiocarbonylamino groups. Polymerization and functionalization occur in a substantially simultaneous manner. All necessary reactants for the functionalization are present when polymerization is initiated. The nitrogen-containing functional group is provided as a part of a molecule having a release moiety which is preferably resonance stabilized or of tertiary alkyl type and which acts to aid the nitrogen-containing species in functioning as a leaving group.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there are provided low sulfated ash lubricating oil compositions which comprise an oil of lubricating viscosity as the major component and as the minor component (A) at least about 2 wt % of at least one ashless nitrogen- or ester-containing dispersant, (B) an antioxidant effective amount of at least one oil soluble antioxidant material, and (C) at least one oil soluble dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate antiwear material wherein the hydrocarbyl groups contain an average of at least 3 carbon atoms, and wherein the lubricating oil is characterized by a total sulfated ash (SASH) level of from 0.01 to about 0.6 wt % and by a SASH wt:dispersant wt ratio of from about 0.01 to about 0.2:1.

Abstract: According to the present invention, oleaginous compositions having improved stability are provided, wherein high molecular weight ashless dispersants and metal detergents are preblended at a temperature of at least 100.degree. C. for a period of from 1 to 10 hours, cooled to at least 85.degree. C. and admixed with additional additives, including oil soluble copper antioxidants and zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate antiwear agents.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an oil-soluble lubricating oil additive comprising at least one terminally unsaturated ethylene alpha-olefin polymer of 300 to 20,000 number average molecular weight terminally substituted with amine compounds, which are also useful additives to oleaginous compositions, e.g., as fuel and lubricating oil dispersants.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an oil-soluble lubricating oil additive comprising at least one terminally unsaturated ethylene alpha-olefin polymer of 300 to 10,000 number average molecular weight substituted with mono- or dicarboxylic acid producing moieties (preferably dicarboxylic acid or anhydride moieties), wherein the terminal unsaturation comprises terminal ethenylidene unsaturation. The mono- and dicarboxylic acid or anhydride substituted polymers of this invention are useful per se as additives to lubricating oils, and can also be reacted with a nucleophilic reagent, such as amines, alcohols, amino alcohols and reactive metal compounds, to form products which are also useful lubricating oil additives, e.g., as dispersants.

Abstract: The novel polymers of the present invention are prepared by graft polymerization of at least one aromatic nitrogen-containing monomer onto a low T.sub.g amino-substituted polymer (e.g., an ethylene alpha-olefin interpolymer substituted by primary amino or secondary amino groups). Preferred aromatic nitrogen-containing moieties are illustrated by aniline, and preferred low T.sub.g amino-substituted interpolymers comprise amino-substituted ethylene propylene norbornene elastomeric terpolymers. The polymers of this invention are useful in electrical, textile and other applications.

Abstract: The novel polymers of the present invention are prepared by graft polymerization of at least one aromatic nitrogen-containing monomer onto an amino-substituted polymer (e.g., an ethylene alpha-olefin interpolymer substituted by primary amino or secondary amino groups). Preferred aromatic nitrogen-containing moieties are illustrated by aniline, and preferred amino-substituted interpolymers comprise amino-substituted ethylene propylene norbornene terpolymers. The polymers of this invention are oil soluble and are useful as dispersant and antioxidant additives in oleaginous compositions and are further useful in electrical, textile and other applications.

Abstract: Oleaginous compositions, particularly lubricating oil compositions, exhibiting improved antioxidant properties containing a viscosity index improving amount of a viscosity index improver-dispersant comprised of the reaction products of:(a) an oil soluble ethylene copolymer comprising from about 15 to 90 wt. % ethylene and from about 10 to 85 wt. % of at least one C.sub.3 to C.sub.28 alpha-olefin, having a number average molecular weight of from about 5,000 to 500,000, grafted with an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid material having 1 or 2 acid or anhydride moieties;(b) an organic polyamine having at least two primary amino groups;(c) an aldehyde;(d) a heterocyclic nitrogen reactant having at least one --N (H)-- group in the heterocyclic ring; and, optionally,(e) an amount effective to provide a V.I. improver-dispersant exhibiting improved low temperature viscometric properties of high functionality long chain hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid material having a functionality of at least 1.2.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an oil-soluble lubricating oil additive comprising at least one adduct of (A) a polyolefin of 700 to 5,000 number average molecular weight substituted nitrogen- or ester-containing ashless dispersant and (B) a bis-keto/thioketo compound.

Abstract: The novel polymers of the present invention are prepared by reacting a heterocyclic nitrogen compound containing at least one --N(H)-- group in the ring, an aldehyde and amino-substituted polymer (e.g., an ethylene alpha-olefin interpolymer substituted by primary amino or secondary amino groups) to form an oil soluble Mannich base derivative useful as antioxidant additive in oleaginous compositions such as lubricating oils and fuels. Preferred heterocyclic nitrogen compound are azoles such as benzotriazoles and alkyl-substituted benzotriazoles. Preferred amino-substituted interpolymers comprise amino-substituted ethylene propylene norbornene terpolymers. The polymers of this invention are oil soluble and are useful as dispersants, viscosity index improver dispersants, and as antiwear and antioxidant additives in oleaginous compositions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an oil-soluble fuel and lubricating oil additive comprising at least one terminally unsaturated ethylene alpha-olefin polymer of 300 to 20,000 number average molecular weight substituted with mono- or dicarboxylic acid producing moieties (preferably dicarboxylic acid or anhydride moieties), wherein the terminal unsaturation comprises terminal ethenylidene unsaturation. The mono- and dicarboxylic acid or anhydride substituted polymers of this invention are useful per se as additives to lubricating oils, and can also be reacted with a nucleophilic reagent, such as amines, alcohols, amino alcohols and reactive metal compounds, to form products which are also useful fuel and lubricating oil additives, e.g., as dispersants.

Abstract: The novel polymers of the present invention are prepared by reacting a heterocyclic nitrogen compound containing at least one --N(H)-- group in the ring, an aldehyde N-containing polymer adduct (e.g., an ashless nitrogen-containing dispersant or polyolefin-substituted amine) to form an oil soluble Mannich base derivative useful as dispersant, antiwear and antioxidant additive in oleaginous compositions such as lubricating oils and fuels. Preferred heterocyclic nitrogen compounds are azoles such as benzotriazoles and alkyl-substituted benzotriazoles. The polyolefin-substituted amine can comprises the reaction product of a polyamine and halogenated long chain hydrocarbons.