Abstract: The present invention is directed to branched amido-amine dispersant additives useful in oleaginous compositions formed by (a) reacting a first nitrogen-containing compound (e.g., ammonia or an organic amine) with an alpha, beta-unsaturated compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein W.sup.1 is sulfur or oxygen, Y is --OR.sup.4, --SR.sup.4, or --NR.sup.4 (R.sup.5), and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are the same or different and are hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, to form a first adduct containing unreacted --C(W.sup.1)--Y groups; (b) reacting the first adduct with a polyamine (e.g., a polyalkylene polyamine) to form a second adduct containing unreacted --NH-- groups (preferably primary amine groups) and comprising a branched amido-amine oligomer; and (c) reacting the second adduct with a long chain hydrocarbyl substituted mono- or dicarboyxlic acid material comprising a polyolefin of 300 to 10,000 number average molecular weight substituted with at least 0.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an oil-soluble fuel and lubricating oil additive comprising at least one terminally unsaturated ethylene alpha-olefin polymer of 300 to 20,000 number average molecular weight substituted with mono- or dicarboxylic acid producing moieties (preferably dicarboxylic acid or anhydride moieties), wherein the terminal unsaturation comprises terminal ethenylidene unsaturation. The mono- and dicarboxylic acid or anhydride substituted polymers of this invention are useful per se as additives to lubricating oils, and can also be reacted with a nucleophilic reagent, such as amines, alcohols, amino alcohols and reactive metal compounds, to form products which are also useful fuel and lubricating oil additives, e.g., as dispersants.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an oil-soluble lubricating oil additive comprising at least one terminally unsaturated ethylene alpha-olefin polymer of 300 to 10,000 number average molecular weight substituted with thiocarboxylic acid producing moieties (preferably acid or anhydride moieties), wherein the terminal unsaturation comprises ethenylidene unsaturation. The thiocarboxylic acid or anhydride substituted polymers of this invention are useful per se as additives to lubricating oils, and can also be reacted with a nucleophilic reagent, such as amines, alcohols, amino alcohols and metal compounds, to form products which are also useful lubricating oil additives, e.g., as dispersants.

Abstract: Oleaginous compositions, particularly lubricating oil compositions, exhibiting improved antioxidant properties containing a viscosity index improving amount of a viscosity index improver-dispersant comprised of the reaction products of:(a) an oil soluble ethylene copolymer comprising from about 15 to 90 wt. % ethylene and from about 10 to 85 wt. % of at least one C.sub.3 to C.sub.28 alpha-olefin, having a number average molecular weight of from about 5,000 to 500,000, grafted with an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid material having 1 or 2 acid or anhydride moieties;(b) an organic polyamine having at least two primary amino groups;(c) an aldehyde;(d) a heterocyclic nitrogen reactant having at least one --N(H)-- group in the heterocyclic ring; and, optionally,(e) an amount effective to provide a V.I. improver-dispersant exhibiting improved low temperature viscometric properties of high functionality long chain hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid material having a functionality of at least 1.2.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an oil-soluble lubricating oil additive comprising at least one adduct of (A) a polyolefin of 700 to 5,000 number average molecular weight substituted with carboxylic acid producing moieties (preferably acid or anhydride moieties), and (B) a monoepoxy thiol.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to oil-soluble lubricating oil additives comprising Mannich Base condensates of an alkyl substituted hydroxy aromatic compound with formaldehyde and an amine, wherein the alkyl-moiety of the aromatic compounds is derived from at least one ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer of 300 to 20,000 number average molecular weight, wherein at least about 30% of the polymer's chains contain terminal ethenylidene unsaturation. The Mannich Base condensates of this invention are useful as dispersants.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to oil-soluble lubricating oil additives comprising Mannich Base condensates of an alkyl substituted hydroxy aromatic compound with formaldehyde and an amine, wherein the alkyl-moiety of the aromatic compounds is derived from at least one ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer of 300 to 10,000 number average molecular weight, wherein at least about 30% of the polymer's chains contain terminal ethenylidene unsaturation. The Mannich Base condensates of this invention are useful as dispersants.

Abstract: Polybutene is prepared from a mixed C.sub.4 hydrocarbon feedstream using an organo-aluminum/HCl catalyst system wherein the HCl is introduced separately into the feedstream to form organochloride in the feedstream. Polybutene product having a very narrow molecular weight distribution is obtained over the M.sub.n range of 700 to 3,000. Dispersants derived from this polybutene exhibit substantially improved performance in lubricating oil compositions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an oil-soluble lubricating oil additive comprising at least one adduct of (A) a polyolefin of 700 to 5,000 number average molecular weight substituted nitrogen- or ester-containing ashless dispersant and (B) a bis-keto/thioketo compound.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there are provided low sulfated ash lubricating oil compositions which copmrise an oil of lubricating viscosity as the major component and as the minor component (A) at least about 3 wt % of at least one ashless nitrogen- or ester-containing dispersant, (B) at least about 2 wt % of at least one sulfurized alkyl phenol, and (C) at least one metal dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate wherein the hydrocarbyl groups contain an average of at least 6 carbon atoms, and wherein the lubricating oil is characterized by a total sulfated ash (SASH) level of from 0.01 to about 0.6 wt % and by a SASH:dispersant wt:wt ratio of from about 0.01 to about 0.2:1.

Abstract: A new overbased metal sulphonate composition comprises a mixture of (A) at least one long chain alkyl aryl sulphonate containing an average number of at least 40 carbon atoms in the alkyl residue and (B) at least one medium long chain alkyl aryl sulphonate containing an average number of 10 to 33 carbon atoms in the alkyl residue. The composition is useful as an additive to lubricant oil.

Abstract: The present invention provides substantially saturated, e.g., hydrogenated, phospholipid compounds, such as hydrogenated lecithin, which are useful as friction modifying agents for oleaginous compositions such as fuels, and lubricating oils, particularly automatic transmission fluids. The present invention also provides oleaginous compositions containing such phospholipid compounds, and processes for preparing the hydrogenated phospholipids, such as hydrogenated lecithin, and the compositions in which they are contained.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to oil-soluble lubricating oil additives comprising Mannich Base condensates of (A) an ethylene-alpha-olefin polymer substituted mono- or dicarboxylic acid material, (B) an optionally alkyl-substituted N-hydroxyaryl compound, (C) an aldehyde, and (D) an amine, wherein the polyer moiety of the mono- or dicarboxylic acid material is derived from at least one terminally unsaturated ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer of 300 to 10,000 number average molecular weight, wherein the terminal unsaturation comprises ethenylidene unsaturation. The Mannich Base condensates of this invention are useful as dispersants.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to oil-soluble lubricating oil additives comprising Mannich Base condensates of a polymer substituted hydroxy aromatic compound with formaldehyde and an amido-amine or thioamido-amine, wherein the polymer substituent is derived from a polymer of 300 to 10,000 number average molecular weight, and wherein the amido-amine and thioamido-amine comprises the reaction product of a polyamine and an alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated compound. The Mannich Base condensates of this invention are useful as dispersants in oleaginous compositions, including fuel and lubricating oil compositions, and in concentrates containing these additives.

Abstract: Novel dispersant mixtures are provided, having improved lubricating oil performance characteristics, comprising nitrogen or ester containing dispersants selected from the group consisting of oil soluble salts, amides, imides, oxazoline and esters or mixtures thereof, wherein a first dispersant comprises a long chain hydrocarbon substituted mono- and dicarboxylic acid or their anhydrides derived from polymers of C.sub.2 to C.sub.10 monoolefins wherein the polymer has a number average molecular weight of at least about 1300 and wherein the second dispersant component is derived from such polymers having a number average molecular weight of from about 700 to 1150. The relatively high molecular weight dispersant is provided with from about 1.05 to 1.25 moles per mole of polyolefin of an alpha or beta unsaturated C.sub.4 to C.sub.10 dicarboxylic acid or anhydride or ester thereof. The relatively lower molecular weight dispersant is provided with from about 1.2 to 2.

Abstract: Sizing compounds particularly cyclic acid anhydrides are used as such or in solution with non-aqueous protic and/or protic solvents to mass-size cellulose products such as paper, board, cardboard and similar cellulose and synthetic fibre products. In a preferred embodiment, the cyclic acid anhydrides or their solutions in inert solvents are introduced into the wet-end of the paper machine at a position where the paper slurry is in a highly turbulent state so that they are immediately homogenized and reacted with the cellulose stock.

Abstract: A new overbased metal sulphonate composition comprises a mixture of (A) at least one long chain alkyl aryl sulphonate containing an average number of at least 40 carbon atoms in the alkyl residue and (B) at least one medium long chain alkyl aryl sulphonate containing an average number of 10 to 33 carbon atoms in the alkyl residue. The composition is useful as an additive to lubricant oil.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there are provided low sulfacted ash lubricating oil compositions which comprise an oil of lubricating viscosity as the major component and as the minor component (A) at least about 2 wt % of at least one ashless nitrogen- or ester-containing dispersant, (B) an antioxidant effective amount of at least one oil soluble antioxidant material, and (C) at least one oil soluble dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate antiwear material wherein the hydrocarbyl groups contain an average of at least 3 carbon atoms, and wherein the lubricating oil is characterized by a total sulfated ash (SASH) level of from 0.01 to about 0.6 wt % and by a SASH wt:dispersant wt ratio of from about 0.01 to about 0.2:1.

Abstract: Overbased magnesium sulphonates having increased resistance to interactions are prepared from sulphonic acids prepared from alkylates with long and medium chain alkyl groups. Compositions comprising such overbased magnesium sulphonate are particularly suitable for use in combination with high molecular weight dispersants and/or friction modifiers. Stable sediment-free lubricating oil compositions (including lubricants and concentrates therefor) can be prepared which can meet SG quality and the Tier II fuel economy requirements.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a low sediment method of producing oleaginous compositions containing copper salts of the product of a polyolefin having a numerical average molecular weight (M.sub.n) of at least 600 which has been substituted with an average of at least 0.5 dicarboxylic acid anhydride moiety per polyolefin molecule, wherein the polyolefin-substituted dicarboxylic acid anhydride is contacted with a water-soluble copper reactant in the presence of at least 1,000 wt. % above the amount theoretically required to hydrolyze the polyolefin-substituted dicarboxylic acid anhydride material charged) and in the presence of a solvent for the polyolefin-substituted dicarboxylic acid anhydride material charged. The resulting copper salt products, and amine derivatives thereof, are useful in lubricating oils as additives, e.g., as antioxidant lube oil additives.