Abstract: Particulate sorbent compositions comprising a mixture of zinc oxide, silica, alumina and a substantially reduced valence cobalt are provided for the desulfurization of a feedstream of cracked-gasoline or diesel fuels in a desulfurization zone by a process which comprises the contacting of such feedstreams in a desulfurization zone followed by separation of the resulting low sulfur-containing stream and sulfurized-sorbent and thereafter regenerating and activating the separated sorbent before recycle of same to the desulfurization zone.

Abstract: Sintering of an article molded from a first particulate material comprising silicon nitride employs carbon and ceramic-containing layers. At least one outer layer comprising a second particulate material is positioned with respect to the article so as to be closely adjacent to but not contacting the article, and at least one inner layer comprising a third particulate material is intermediate to the outer layer and the article so as to at least partially surround the article. The second particulate material comprises at least about 90 weight percent carbon, and the third particulate material comprises a ceramic compound selected from a nitride, a carbide, and mixtures thereof. The article is heated while positioned with respect to the outer and inner layers as described above so as to result in a sintered article.

Abstract: Method for the site specific genomic modification of yeasts of the genus Pichia and novel DNA sequences useful therefore are provided. Pichia is transformed with a serially arranged linear DNA fragment comprising first and second insertable DNA fragments, which flank a marker gene. The insertable DNA sequences are homologous to defined portions of the Pichia genome and integrate by recombination at such defined sites. The resulting transformed organism contains the marker gene and any additional DNA sequences which are positioned between the insertable DNA fragments. In addition, the resulting transformed organism has either a disrupted or deleted sequence at the site of the genomic modification. Enhanced production of heterologous gene products is observed when using as the host for expression strains in which the alcohol oxidase gene has been disrupted. Upon disruption of the primary alcohol oxidase gene of Pichia, the existence of a second alcohol oxidase gene in Pichia was also discovered.

Abstract: Method for the site specific genomic modification of yeasts of the genus Pichia and novel DNA sequences useful therefore are provided. Pichia is transformed with a serially arranged linear DNA fragment comprising first and second insertable DNA fragments, which flank a marker gene. The insertable DNA sequences are homologous to defined portions of the Pichia genome and integrate by recombination at such defined sites. The resulting transformed organism contains the marker gene and any additional DNA sequences which are positioned between the insertable DNA fragments. In addition, the resulting transformed organism has either a disrupted or deleted sequence at the site of the genomic modification. Enhanced production of heterologous gene products is observed when using as the host for expression strains in which the alcohol oxidase gene has been disrupted. Upon disruption of the primary alcohol oxidase gene of Pichia, the existence of a second alcohol oxidase gene in Pichia was also discovered.

Abstract: A process for the regeneration of a selectable phenotype at a high frequency by interlocus recombination, in yeast cultures transformed with recombinant DNA constructs comprised of a gene whose product complements the selectable phenotype to be regenerated is disclosed. A sequence of steps is involved including; suspending together in rich media mutant yeast strains, plating onto presporulation agar, replica plating onto other agar media suitable for selection and growth of diploid cells, plating on sporulation agar or alternatively dissecting the asci, digesting the cells, growing the spores on minimal media, and screening for the desired phenotype.

Abstract: In a process for polymerizing monomers with free-radical initiators in aqueous solution to produce polymers useful in oil field applications, wherein said polymerization process employs an oxygen-scavenging agent, the improvement which comprises employing said oxygen scavenging agent and oxidase enzyme with a substrate therefor, optionally with a catalase, such as alcohol oxidase and methanol, to consume dissolved oxygen in a polymerization admixture. Oxygen-scavenging under field conditions with the oxidase/substrate system permits consistent production conveniently of water based polymer solutions of good viscosity for oil field applications.

Abstract: A new stable liquid suspension of water soluble polymer, and a method of preparation are provided. Such compositions comprise of at least an iso-parrafinic oil medium, one styrene/isoprene copolymer, a water soluble polymer and preferably some hydrophobic fumed silica mixed together in the appropriate quantities and conditions.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a process for recovering hepatitis B surface antigen from recombinant Pichia pastoris cells comprising:(a) lysing said yeast cells in the presence of a buffered chaotropic salt and separating the hepatitis B surface antigen-containing supernatant from said lysed cells;(b) subjecting the heptatis B surface antigen-containing supernatant obtained in step (a) to conditions suitable to precipitate lipids and contaminant proteins from said supernatant;(c) subjecting the hepatitis B surface antigen-containing supernatant obtained in step (b) to diafiltration;(d) contacting the hepatitis B surface antigen-containing retentate obtained in step (c) with silica;(e) washing contaminant proteins from the resulting silica-adsorbed hepatitis B surface antigen with a buffer having a pH within the range of 6-8;(f) eluting the hepatitis B surface antigen from the silica with a buffered eluant having a pH within the range of 9.5-11.0 containing from 0.

Abstract: Novel DNA constructs comprising yeast regulatory regions plus the structural coding region for human tumor necrosis factor, are disclosed. These novel constructs are incorporated into a variety of linear and circular plasmids. Such plasmids are used for yeast transformation and ultimately for the production of human tumor necrosis factor by yeast.

Abstract: Sulfonated phenolic compounds as well as sulfomethylated phenolic compounds, surfactant systems containing such compound and the use of such surfactant systems in post primary oil recovery are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for making whole cells of methylotrophic species of genus Pichia competent for transformation by DNA and a method for transforming with DNA whole cells of such species.

Abstract: Novel DNA constructs comprising regulatory regions plus the structural coding region for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) are disclosed. The regulatory regions employed are responsive to methanol, non-catabolite repressing carbon sources and catabolite repressing carbon sources followed by carbon source starvation. The novel constructs are incorporated into a variety of linear and circular plasmids. Such plasmids are used to transform suitable hosts and ultimately used for the production and isolation of hepatitis B surface antigen in high yields.

Abstract: Novel DNA sequences which code for the production of Pichia histidinol dehydrogenase, phosphoribosyl-ATP-cyclohydrase and phosphoribosyl-ATP-pyrophosphohydratase are provided. Novel constructs including these sequences, as well as transformed organisms therewith are provided. A method for isolation of functional genes from yeast strains of the genus Pichia is also provided. In addition, process for the integrative transformation of yeast strains of the genus Pichia is provided.

Abstract: Method for the site specific genomic modification of yeasts of the genus Pichia and novel DNA sequences useful therefor are provided. Pichia is transformed with a serially arranged linear DNA fragment comprising first and second insertable DNA fragments, which flank a marker gene. The insertable DNA sequences are homologous to defined portions of the Pichia genome and integrate by recombination at such defined sites. The resulting transformed organism contains the marker gene and any additional DNA sequences which are positioned between the insertable DNA fragments. In addition, the resulting transformed organism has either a disrupted or deleted sequence at the site of the genomic modification. Enhanced production of heterologous gene products is observed when using as the host for expression strains in which the alcohol oxidase gene has been disrupted. Upon disruption of the primary alcohol oxidase gene of Pichia, the existence of a second alcohol oxidase gene in Pichia was also discovered.

Abstract: Process for transforming yeast strains of the genus Pichia is disclosed. Novel yeast strains of the genus Pichia which can be transformed with recombinant DNA material are also disclosed. In addition, a method for isolating functional genes and other functional DNA sequences from yeast strains of the genus Pichia is described.

Abstract: Yeast strains are transformed with, and selected for, using DNA fragments encoding a gene function not present in the wild-type yeast strains. The invention requires transforming the yeast with DNA fragments which comprise the gene function which the wild-type yeast strain is lacking; regeneration of the transformants on a non-selective regeneration medium; then selection of those colonies which are capable of growth on a carbon and energy source which requires expression of the gene function provided by the DNA fragment. Thus, transformation with such DNA fragments allows for positive selection of transformed strains.

Abstract: Novel DNA sequences which are responsive to the presence of methanol, catabolite non-repressing carbon sources and carbon source starvation are provided. In addition, novel constructs including these DNA sequences, as well as transformed organisms therewith are provided. Processes for producing the DNA sequences and constructs of the invention are detailed. The production of polypeptide product under the control of the regulatory regions of the invention is demonstrated.

Abstract: Novel autonomous replication sequences which are capable of maintaining plasmids as extrachromosomal elements in host strains of the genus Pichia are provided. In addition, novel constructs including these DNA sequences, as well as transformed organisms therewith are provided. Processes for producing the DNA sequences and constructs of the invention, as well as method for isolating such sequences from any source, are provided.

Abstract: Novel DNA sequences which code for the production of the Pichia protein argininosuccinate lyase are provided. Novel constructs including these sequences, as well as organisms transformed therewith are provided. In addition, novel strains of Pichia defective in argninosuccinate lyase activity are also provided.

Abstract: Processes for the preparation of double auxotrophic mutants of Pichia pastoris are provided, as well as novel double auxotrophic mutant strains produced thereby.