Abstract: A thermodynamic constant volume vapor compression heat pump system including method and apparatus wherein a closed fluid loop having first, intermediate and second treatment stations, is employed. A liquid refrigerant fluid under low pumping pressure is introduced to a first treatment station following initial expansion, accelerating propulsion, and atomization thereof, precedent to evaporation of the refrigerant fluid through a divisive containment of the accelerated refrigerant fluid.

Abstract: An improved hydraulic column choke valve and reamer, adapted to hot water heating boilers and the like, permitting maintenance on low water fuel cut-off controls and similar columns without draining the boiler, characterized by a universal valve body and locking mechanism which interchangeably mounts a reaming assembly and/or choke assembly, the latter of which may be retained in the column after removal of the valve body. The water column choke is adapted to columns of variant horizontal cross-section without exchange of the valve body, per se. Suplemental to the basic choke valve is the adaptation of an electric low water cut-off control, useful as and when the water column may be isolated from the boiler.

Abstract: Device for cutting up meat and/or bones of a slaughter animal, with a cutting element (120) provided with a cutting edge and a counter support (124) which is situated opposite the cutting edge of said cutting element (120) and comprises an oblong, central, recessed space (126) for receiving the cutting edge, and is provided with symmetrical bearing faces alongside this space.

Abstract: A collapsed, pop-open and disposable debris collector formed of a semi-rigid blank the composition of which has a folded elastic memory, the collector forming interconnected rear abutment, side walls and a bottom, the side walls lapping the rear abutment wall in part in a collapsed configuration; permanent adhesive on the rear wall, securing a portion of the lapping side walls to the exterior of the rear abutment wall and spring-like foldable abutment retaining tabs projecting from each side wall, extensible upon setting up to engage the interior of the rear wall upon pop-opening of the collector from collapsed to pop-open utility configuration; the collector having an integral handle at the rear and a no-spill lip at the forward open end and pressure sensitive adhesive which is coextensive with the no-spill lip to coact therewith in the utility mode. The debris collector is readily adapted to stack packaging.

Abstract: A prepacked disposable animal litter and waste container in which one or more membranous bags are filled with an absorbent litter, each bag being contained within a substantially rigid fiberboard carton container, wherein said bags may be each successively exposed for utility. In use, the flaps of the container are opened and bent on fold lines such that the flaps are compressed against the sides of the container. Thereafter, the top wall of a bag is pulled tautly over the outside of the compressed flaps, thereby protecting both the interior and the exterior of the container from soiling. Together with the flaps of the container, the bags form a repository for urine and fecal matter. After the uppermost exposed bag is used, said bag becomes a disposal means for the contaminated litter and the user may discard the bags. Flaps of the container may extend the container sides vertically. Adhesive means secures the flaps, and one overlying bag top is adjusted and placed temporarily as required, in the use mode.

Abstract: A universal non-spreading railroad track haulage tie and support therefor characterized by opposed rail supporting channels, coaxially aligned with the rails of a railroad, the channels being secured together and against the rails respectively by a tie gauge rod; including a modification for securing the tie rod and assembly to angle joint bars or splice bar assemblies which are conventionally used in the fitting of standard A.S.C.E. type rails and the like. The invention has particular utility in electric underground railway tracking. It may be affectively adapted to enchanced highway crossings of a railway, to repairs to existing conventional wood tie constructions to curves and switches of the steel railway, etc.

Abstract: Collapsible fishing gear and load bearing carriage having a reinforced cycle frame upon which are mounted an articulated handle and seat joined together, also having a carton and the like storage area as well as implement securing elements. The carriage is supported both for mobility and stationary sporting utility, and in the latter mode its utility components are balance mounted, relative to three ground engaging supports.

Abstract: A prepacked disposable animal litter and waste container in which plural layers of membranous bags are filled with an absorbent litter, each bag being contained within a substantially rigid fiberboard carton container, wherein bags may be each successively exposed for utility, following usage of an uppermost exposed bag, the bags, together with flaps of the container forming a repository for urine and fecal matter, and becomes a disposal means for the contaminated litter when the user may discard the bags. Flaps of the container extend the container sides vertically and together with the bags create an impermeable membranous cover for the container's interior and exterior in the use mode. Adhesive means secures the flaps, and one overlying bag top is adjusted and placed temporarily as required, in the use mode.

Abstract: Apparatus for heat-treating a liquid product comprising series-connected multi-tube heat-exchangers such as heating-up heat-exchangers (6, 12), a high temperature heat-exchanger (14) and cooling-down heat-exchangers (17, 18, 19), the heating-up heat-exchangers and cooling-down heat-exchangers being interconnected by means of a pipe system (25, 26); (34) for regenerative heat-exchange. The heat exchangers being connected by means of connection members (13) having separate passages which connect the tubes of the heat-exchanger to those of the next heat-exchanger. The pipe system for regenerative heat-exchange being designed so that the quantity of heat to be transferred can be adjusted in order to adapt said apparatus to varying capacities.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a homogeneous flexible layer of material such as butter or margarine, comprising an input portion for guiding blocks of said material into a central portion, in which two rotors 11, 12 are arranged in a horizontal plane, a central region 33 between said rotors 11, 12 lying beneath said input portion and are driven in opposite directions, each rotor being provided with a number of axial blades 22, 23 radially displaceable in slots and guided by guiding means at the ends thereof.

Abstract: In the maintenance of turbine propeller aircraft and related engines, test method and apparatus to measure engine exhaust temperature and exhaust pressure, without pulling the engine. Test harness associated with instrumental Jet Calibrator is interposed between tailpipe and airframe exhaust pipe to establish the accuracy of interstage turbine temperature and exhaust gas temperature by graphic comparisons. Both engine exhaust gas temperature and exhaust pressure may also be obtained concurrently to effect "on wing" recompensation of interstage turbine temperature during test run maintenance of the engine.

Abstract: This massager utilizes percussion waves produced by a powerful hand-held or stationary drive, such as an electric hammer, magnetic hammer or pneumatic hammer, for massaging human bodies. The massager includes an intermediate idler connected to an oscillator rod operated by a drive unit and a hitting pad connected to the intermediate idler. A lower end of the oscillator rod slides freely inside an upper axial cavity in the upper part of the intermediate idler. A lower part of the intermediate idler is linked to a hitting pad through a control spring. This control spring creates a gap for vibration between the lower end of the intermediate idler and the hitting pad.

Abstract: An hydraulic column choke valve and reamer adapted to hot water heating boilers and the like, permitting maintenance on low water fuel cut-off controls and similar columns without draining, characterized by a universal valve body which interchangeably mounts a reaming assembly and/or choke assembly, the latter of which may be retained in the column after removal of the valve body. The water column choke is adapted to columns of variant horizontal cross section without exchange of the valve body, per se.

Abstract: A farrier's equine hoof-sizer characterized by its adaptation to an equine's individual hooves for purposes of sizing in shoeing. The sizer is extensible to a straight line for portability. It is lightweight, durable and of such construction that in the sizing of hooves of various lateral configuration, the measurement may be sustained in semi-rigidity for comparative guidance in the farrier's shaping of the shoe. It is adaptable to either cold or hot shoeing.

Abstract: A calculator to aid in determining cyclic trends of probability inherent in craps playing functions and thereby increase the potential of winning and decrease the threat of losing is disclosed. A first circular relatively stationary frame disc is attached to a second and larger circular sliding disc at their respective centers. The front face of the first circular disc has an indicator thereon and viewing windows therethrough with identifying indicia lying adjacent to each window. The windows are formed into window groupings corresponding to the selected craps playing function. The second circular sliding disc has printed thereon a plurality of carefully disposed scales, each corresponding to information needed for a particular craps playing function. The first of said scales appears along the rim of the sliding disc.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for draining and expunging excess oil from delicate pizza crusts which have been fried in oil, adapted for association with discharge mechanism of a crust fryer, functioning in cooperation therewith to receive, drain, and manipulatively reposition the crusts for packing into shipping cartons. Crusts discharged from the fryer at the infeed end fall into slots formed by adjacent vertical flights provided at spaced intervals on an inclined drain conveyor. The delicate crusts are held against deformation in upright position by the flights during their traverse of the conveyor length thus allowing for dripping drainage of oil from their respective surfaces. The oil so drained is collected in a drain pan positioned beneath the conveyor and at an angle sloping towards the frying mechanism at the infeed end of the conveyor. Oil collected by the drain pan is thus directed into an associated catch tank for subsequent return to the fryer.

Abstract: Apparatus for the continuous production of fried dough crusts is disclosed in which the dough pieces are retained between a pair of endless conveyors, one above the other, the upper conveyor being of balanced-weave construction, the lower conveyor being of flat-flex construction, the designs of said conveyors being incapable of registering with one another. The endless conveyors traverse a part of a hot oil bath, beneath the surface of the oil in uniform, spaced, parallel relation to each other, the spacing between the conveyors being maintained within the range of 1/8 inch to 3/8 inch for confinement of the dough pieces therebetween. The oil in the cooking zone of said bath is maintained at a temperature range of about 360.degree.-410.degree. F. After exiting from the cooking bath and prior to reaching a delivery point, crusts are continuously confined and rapidly cooled.

Abstract: A container for living plants, characterized by nesting pots, the upper pot of which defines a reservoir and the second of which rests within the first to contain a nutrient soil, the second, defining with the first, a water input and the second also having plural ducts extending downward into the reservoir, the ducts each having horizontal channels at respective bottoms with a vertical water flow passageway therein, allowing the flow of water from the reservoir by capillary action, the second pot also having drain holes located within the bottom of the pot, intermediate the respective ducts.