Abstract: A process is disclosed to produce a fine honeycomb grain with matte finishing on an aluminum surface in alkaline solution with or without electrical treatment. To achieve the fine honeycomb, a passivation enhancement step is used prior to alkaline etching with or without electricity. The matte appearance with fine honeycomb topography on the aluminum surface is produced by silicating raw aluminum prior to alkaline etching.

Abstract: Rapid thermosetting, low VOC web offset lithographic inks are prepared in the instant invention from solid resin, drying oil alkyds, bodied drying oil, vegetable oil, fatty acids, multifunctional unsaturated polyester, reducing agents and transition metal salts of organic acids. The aqueous lithographic fountain solution contains hydroperoxides or peroxides which promote free radical polymerization of the ink in contact therewith. The metal salts of organic acids function as crosslinking agents in combination with excess carboxylic acid functionality of the ink. Optionally, the reducing agent and the organic hydroperoxide or peroxide may be interchanged.

Abstract: A camera speed lithographic plate precursor composition is used for the preparation of waterless, imaged printing plates. The plates comprise a solid substrate with a first layer of a photopolymerizable, oleophilic coating; a second layer of silicone rubber; a third protective film layer; and a top or fourth layer comprising a silver halide emulsion containing polymeric binders or keying agents.

Abstract: An aqueous cold seal release varnish comprising the reaction product of a mixture comprising 30-50 parts of a polyamide block copolymer having an acid value of 30-45, 1-5 parts of an amide wax, 10-20 parts of at least one C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkanol, 5-10 parts of an amine and 15-55 parts of water. The mixture is dissolved by heating at a temperature of 75.degree.-85.degree. C. for a period of time of not more than 90 minutes to produce a varnish. An aqueous cold seal release lacquer (CSRL) is prepared from the varnish by mixing with a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkanol, water and a surfactant.

Abstract: Photographic film nucleating agents comprising aryl sulfonamidophenyl hydrazides containing alkene, alkadienyl, alkapolyenyl or cycloalkenyl substituted pyridinium functionality; these nucleators produce better dot quality and superior contrast characteristics in image-wise exposed film elements and wider compatibility with standard rapid access developers and obviate the need to include boosters in the film or in the developer.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of esters of 3,5,6-trichlorosalicylic acid which comprises reacting the acid with an alcohol under distillation conditions in the presence of a catalyst comprising a glycol titanate or glycol stannate. The process results in substantially quantitative yields of the ester without any significant side reactions, e.g. conversion of the alcohol to by-product ether.

Abstract: The inclusion of isothiouronium functionality onto hydrazide derivatives results in the formation of nucleating agents for lithographic films that produce high contrast and speed with excellent dot quality as required for halftone applications. The level of performance of the nucleators of the invention is sufficiently high that the need to incorporate amine boosters in the lithographic film elements or developers is not required. The novel nucleators have the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted carbamoyl, or alkoxy or aryloxy carbonyl; Y is substituted or unsubstituted divalent aryl, and Q is an isothiouronium salt moiety.

Abstract: A printing ink useful for "waterless" printing processes comprising a water-in-oil microemulsion wherein the water phase is present in an amount of about 5 to 20 wt. %, based on the weight of the ink. The water phase contains about 0.5 to 3 wt. %, based on the weight of the ink, of a surfactant which will not lower the surface tension (as measured at ambient temperature) of the ink, but will preferably increase the surface tension of the ink by at least about 5%. The ink optionally contains about 0.05 to 0.5 wt. %, based on the weight of the ink, of a water-soluble polymer capable of producing a viscosity in the water phase of about 5 to 10 poise as measured at ambient temperature.

Abstract: Stable, compatible, resin fortified aqueous vinyl polymer emulsions that are rich in wax are prepared in a method comprising a first polymerization of a mixture containing wax and monomers that include carboxylated monomers such as acrylic acid. The first polymerization or terpolymerization is carried out under conditions sufficient to produce a relatively low molecular weight resin. A portion of the wax rich resin from the first polymerization is neutralized and used as a cosurfactant in a second aqueous emulsion polymerization of vinyl monomers to produce a fortified vinyl latex that is rich in wax. Coatings prepared from the latex exhibit superior moisture barrier properties and are also useful as surface preservatives.

Abstract: Novel compounds have been discovered that are particularly effective as nucleation accelerators or boosters when employed with hydrazide nucleators in the formulation of silver halide emulsions for lithographic film. The novel compounds contain bis ureido groups joined by an alkyleneoxy moiety or recurring alkyleneoxy moieties. The 2-nitrogen of each ureido group can carry groups comprising hydrogen, aryl, alkyl or dialkylaminoalkyl, alike or different.

Abstract: Novel compounds have been discovered that are particularly effective as nucleation accelerators or boosters when employed with hydrazide nucleators in the formulation of silver halide emulsions for lithographic film. The novel compounds contain bis ureido groups joined by an alkyleneoxy moiety or recurring alkyleneoxy moieties. The 2-nitrogen of each ureido group can carry groups comprising hydrogen, aryl, alkyl or dialkylaminoalkyl, alike or different.

Abstract: A printing ink composition comprising:(a) a dispersion of about 10-25 wt. %, based on the weight of the composition, of a pigment in about 40-90 wt. %, based on the weight of the composition, of a C.sub.7 -C.sub.40 oil; and(b) about 0.1 to 5.0 wt. %, based on the weight of the composition, of a soap of a tall oil fatty acid.The printing ink composition has the unique capability of being utilized in lithographic printing processes utilizing tap water rather than aqueous fountain solution in the dampening system of the press.

Abstract: A back mix, drag-flow apparatus that provides both radial and axial mixing of materials comprising at least two worms in screw form and parallel and tangential to one another that are of opposite hands and are rotatable only in the same direction or are of the same hand and are rotatable only in opposite directions; and a barrel casing completely enclosing said worms and containing a feed inlet and a product outlet.

Abstract: A device for continuous electrochemical treating of an electrically conductive web in an electrolyte cell is provided. The invention permits an electrodeless treatment of wide webs with high uniformity and low power consumption without additional electrodes, bars or cables and conductive means.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heatset printing ink especially suitable for the intaglio printing of security documents, particularly currency. The ink comprises: a) an epoxy resin ester reacted with an unsaturated monobasic acid and a reactive monomer, b) a cationic polyamide/ epichlorohydrin resin, c) a glycol and/or glycol ether, d) a pigment and e) a drier.

Abstract: A one-step process for sterilizing a contact lens using an aqueous solution of a sterilant which may be a peroxygen disinfectant, an inorganic hypochlorite compound or a hypochlorite precursor compound. The process involves the step of contacting the lens with a solution containing a sterilant (e.g. hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, etc.) and activated carbon for a period of time to effect sterilization of the lens and to decompose substantially all of any sterilant remaining after sterilization of the lens to ophthalmologically innocuous by-products. The activated carbon has a surface area in excess of about 500 m.sup.2 /g and a pore volume of at least about 0.75 ml/g.

Abstract: A thermosetting printing ink composition comprising a functional copolymer of a thermosettable polyester and a polysiloxane, a pigment, a crosslinking agent and a curing catalyst which may be a strong acid or a metal salt thereof. The composition desirably also includes a reactive diluent such as a glycol, glycol ether or alcohol. The compositions are especially useful for imprinting metal containers such as beer and soda cans.

Abstract: A flexible packaging printing ink is formulated from a copolymer of polyethyleneneglycol methacrylate and a polyamide resin, pigment, solvent and cellulose acetate butyrate. The polyamide resin is prepared by condensing a dibasic acid mixture with a diamine mixture. The dibasic acid mixture comprises about 0.5 to 0.8 equivalents of a C.sub.20 -C.sub.44 dibasic acid mixture comprised of about 60 to 100% dimers, 0 to 40% trimers and 0 to 5% monomers, and about 0.2-0.7 equivalents of at least one C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 dibasic acid such as azelaic acid and adipic acid, while the diamine mixture comprises about 0.5-0.8 equivalents of piperazine or a substituted piperazine and the balance comprises at least one C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 alkyl diamine such as ethylene diamine.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate precursor and process for its utilization have been discovered through which negative and positive original images can be printably reproduced on the plate precursor in substantially fewer development steps. The precursor plate is exposed sequentially to either the negative or positive original with the resultant image subsequently developable in a single process or step. The process is achieved by using a precursor plate having two coatings of significantly different photographic sensitivity to light, i.e., speed as characterized by "camera speed" or "contact speed" and imagewise exposing the originals in sequence to alternative speeds. The contact speed coating may be negative-working or positive working while the camera speed coating is negative-working. The camera speed coating is developed followed by exposure of the contact speed coating. Images produced at camera speed are removed and non-image bearing portions of the contact speed coating are removed.

Abstract: Process for sterilizing a contact lens using an aqueous solution of a sterilant which may be a peroxygen disinfectant, an inorganic hypochlorite compound or a hypochlorite precursor compound. The process involves the steps of contacting the lens with the aqueous solution for a period of time sufficient to effect sterilization of the lens; and thereafter contacting the resultant aqueous solution and lens with an amount of activated carbon and for a period of time sufficient to decompose substantially all of any residual sterilant to ophthalmologically innocuous by-products.