Abstract: A molecular detection apparatus comprises a molecular receptor (20), a detection element (22) responsive to the molecular receptor (20), and a substrate (24) which supports the detection element (22). The molecular detection apparatus further includes a grasping member (26) and an elongated member (30) to couple the grasping member (26) to the substrate (24).

Abstract: An encoding system (400) receives samples and coefficients from a bus (422). The system comprises a plurality of parallel operating memory devices (430-k), registers (435-k), computing units (440-k), and accumulator units (460-k). The system (400) further comprises a parallel-to-serial buffer (470) coupled to the accumulator units (440-k) and a pair generator (480) for providing amplitude/index pairs. The system (400) performs encoding steps such as transforming, quantizing, zigzagging, rate controlling, and run-length coding. Transforming is explained for the example of a Forward Discrete Cosine Transformation (FDCT). According to a method (500) of the present invention, zigzagging (510) occurs prior to transforming (570) and performed only once when transformation coefficients are provided to the memory devices (430-k) in a zigzag arrangement. Quantizing occurs prior to transforming by pre-calculating the coefficients with quantizers.

Abstract: A converter, which may be used for implementing either logarithmic or inverse-logarithmic functions, includes a memory, a multiplier, and an adder. The memory stores a plurality of parameters which are derived using a least squares method to estimate a logarithmic or inverse-logarithmic function over a domain of input values.

Abstract: A bar code display apparatus includes a time-varying nonpredictable code generator (12) and a display device (14) responsive to the time-varying nonpredictable code generator (12) to display a time-varying nonpredictable bar code. The display device can provide a scrolling display by displaying a subsequent bar code portion having a bar removed from an end of the bar code. Alternatively, the display device can display a pulsed signal corresponding to the bar code. A housing, having an inset portion at which the display device is accessible, can support the time-varying nonpredictable code generator and the display device.

Abstract: An electronic network navigation device (10) comprises a substrate (12) which supports a human-viewable image (14) and machine-readable data (16). The human-viewable image is associated with an electronic address, and the machine-readable data includes navigation instructions for linking to the electronic address. A network access apparatus (24) utilizes a data reader (30) to read the machine-readable data (16). The network access apparatus (24) links to the electronic address based upon the navigation instructions.

Abstract: A writing implement (10) has an optical reader (20) integrated therewith. The optical reader (20) can include a bar code reader, an optical text reader, or an optical imaging reader. Preferably, a wireless data communication circuit shares an emitter and a detector of the optical reader (20).

Abstract: An apparatus for navigating an electronic network (20) comprises a housing (240) which houses a data reader, a pointing device (236), and a transmitter. The data reader is to read at least one instruction for navigating to a resource in the electronic network (20). The pointing device (236) is to receive, upon navigating to the resource, a user-initiated action for navigating within the resource. The transmitter is to transmit a first signal associated with the at least one instruction and a second signal associated with the user-initiated action.

Abstract: A foldable article comprises a sheet of material (20) having a first plurality of concertina folds (22) and a second plurality of concertina folds (24). The second plurality of concertina folds (24) are oriented transverse to the first plurality of concertina folds (22). A first tab (30) is disposed at a first edge of the sheet of material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for electronically representing a number V in a binary data word. Both the exponent and the mantissa are represented as 2' complement. The mantissa is normalized to 0.1.F if the number V is positive where F is the fraction of the mantissa. In case that the number V is negative the fraction F is normalized to 10.F. Usage of this format allows to design an improved adder which requires less hardware.

Abstract: A method of navigating an electronic network includes steps of reading a list of at least one resource in an electronic network, displaying at least a portion of the list, receiving a user-initiated selection of a resource from the list, linking to the resource upon receiving the user-initiated selection, removing the resource from the list. An article of manufacture directs a system for navigating an electronic network to perform the above-listed steps.

Abstract: A method of navigating an electronic network includes steps of reading a list of at least one resource in an electronic network, displaying at least a portion of the list, receiving a user-initiated selection of a resource from the list, linking to the resource upon receiving the user-initiated selection, removing the resource from the list. An article of manufacture directs a system for navigating an electronic network to perform the above-listed steps.

Abstract: A method of analyzing data, particularly a speech signal, first pre-processes the signal by performing analog-to-digital conversion and cepstral analysis, producing a sequence of data frames. Then the sequence of data frames is partitioned into a plurality of data blocks. The data blocks may be subjected to further analysis, for example, by introducing them to a plurality of neural networks. The system may be implemented using either hardware or software or a combination thereof.

Abstract: An interactive image display system includes a user interface to select a portion of a wide-angle image sequence. An image processor processes the portion of the wide-angle image sequence selected by the user interface to produce a perspective corrected image sequence. A display device displays the perspective corrected image sequence produced by the image processor. An accounting system monitors a usage parameter associated with the interactive image display system. A controller selectively inhibits an operative feature provided by at least one of the user interface, the image processor, and the display device based upon the usage parameter.

Abstract: A parallel computer processor that performs L1 norm calculations includes a plurality of processing elements and a data pipeline which couples the processing elements. The data vectors for which the L1 norm is to be calculated are stored in storage lines of a cache memory. In operation each processing element accesses data in its private storage column in the cache memory and calculates a term signal. The term signals are added to form the resulting L1 norm.

Abstract: A foldable article comprises a sheet of material (20) having a first plurality of concertina folds (22) and a second plurality of concertina folds (24). The second plurality of concertina folds (24) are oriented transverse to the first plurality of concertina folds (22). A first tab (30) is disposed at a first edge of the sheet of material.

Abstract: A method and system utilized by a multi-processor computer for storing exponent codes is provided. The multi-processor computer includes a plurality of processing elements. Each processing element executes a task having an instruction set. The processing elements are assigned a position in an execution sequence that defines the order in which the processing elements generate their respective outputs. Instruction sets are stored in a computer memory attached to the processing elements. The instruction sets are stored so that the processing elements produce outputs according to the execution schedule. The computer memory can be accessed using a two-dimensional addressing scheme where one dimension designates processing elements and the other designates instructions. Each instruction set includes one or more exponent codes that cause a processing element to raise an input value to a specified power.

Abstract: In a video processing system (14), a method of detecting and compensating for motion of an image which includes the steps of: detecting a first pixel value, a second pixel value, and a third pixel value, the first pixel value of a first scan line in a first field, the second pixel value of a second scan line in the first field, and the third pixel value in a second field; providing a motion indicator based on the first, second, and third pixel values; selecting a plurality of interpolation coefficients from a memory based on the motion indicator signal; and providing an interpolated color space pixel based on a first color space pixel associated with the first pixel value, a second color space pixel associated with the second pixel value, and based on the plurality of interpolation coefficients.

Abstract: A method and system of identifying text in a handwriting input is provided. The system includes a feature extractor (30) and a classifier (32). The feature extractor (30) extracts a plurality of features from handwriting input. The classifier (32) classifies the handwriting input according to a discriminant function that is based on a polynomial expansion. The text is identified according to the discriminant function output.

Abstract: Automated electrophoresis is performed by applying a cover plate to a substrate having a plurality of electrophoresis lanes, applying at least one sample to the plurality of electrophoresis lanes, electrophoresing the at least one sample, removing the cover plate from the substrate, and washing the substrate. Thereafter, the aforementioned steps are repeated using the same substrate.

Abstract: A target molecule at a binding site is detected using an optical waveguide having a surface proximate to the binding site, and a waveguide detector coupled to the optical waveguide. An incident light beam is applied to the binding site along an axis transverse to the surface of the optical waveguide. The incident light beam impinges an optical indicator associated with the target molecule to form secondary light which is coupled into the optical waveguide. The secondary light is detected by the waveguide detector to thereby detect the target molecule.