Abstract: A process for producing a lower aliphatic alcohol by splitting ethers whereby ethers are reacted at an elevated temperature and pressure with an excess of water in the presence of acidic hydration catalysts is disclosed.

Abstract: A method for coating a substrate with alumina which comprises contacting a substrate with a supersaturated aqueous alkali aluminate solution having an alkali metal hydroxide concentration ranging from 0.75 to 1.5 molar and an aluminum to alkali mole ratio ranging from 0.65 to 0.70 is provided.

Abstract: A process for producing crystalline acrylamidoalkyltrialkylammonium chloride by reacting a substituted acrylamide with methyl chloride in the presence of a reaction medium from the group consisting of acetone, methyl tert butyl ether and cyclohexane is provided.

Abstract: A process for recovering hydrocarbons from a subterranean hydrocarbon bearing formation penetrated by injection well and a production well includes the steps of injecting into the formation via an injection well an aqueous drive fluid comprising water and more than about 200 parts per million of Beta-(1.fwdarw.6)-D-glucan having an average molecular weight of more than about 2.times.10.sup.4 and comprising recurring units of the disaccharide gentiobiose: ##STR1## forcing said aqueous drive fluid through the formation and recovering hydrocarbons from the production well. The process also includes using a more concentrated solution of the glucan, more than about 2,000 parts per million, as a vertical conformance agent. The invention also includes a concentrate of the glucan in dimethylsulfoxide or in a 4 molar or higher concentration of aqueous urea which is diluted to form the aqueous drive fluid.

Abstract: An anti-corrosion additive composition for motor fuels containing a minor amount (i.e., from 1 to 10%) of a short chain aliphatic alcohol that is prepared by reacting substantially equal molar amounts of maleic anhydride and a hydrocarbon-substituted mono primary amine or hydrocarbon-substituted mono primary ether amine to produce a maleamic acid intermediate reaction product followed by (b) reacting said intermediate product of (a) with a substantially equal molar amount of a heterocyclic selected from the group consisting of 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol or benzotriazole, said hydrocarbon-substituted mono primary amine being represented by the formula:R--NH.sub.

Abstract: Motor oil dispersants are disclosed which are made by heating alkenyl succinic anhydrides in the presence of bases and heating the resulting products with a polyamine H.sub.2 N(RNH).sub.n H or a polyamine alcohol HO(RNH).sub.n H.Also disclosed are motor oils containing from 0.10 to 10.00 weight percent of at least one such dispersant.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of triple- and multi-layer particle board employing phenol formaldehyde resin compositions for gluing particles in the outer layers of the board characterized by the use of a phenol formaldehyde resin composition having a viscosity of about 30-90 seconds (4-mm DIN cup), a solids content of between about 30 and 39 percent by weight and an alkali content of less than 8 percent by weight is provided.

Abstract: Addition of an oxygenated compound and a diesel fuel soluble form of a rare earth metal has been found to reduce particulate emissions from a diesel fueled engine. Preferred soluble rare earth metal additives include cerium carbonyls such as cerium salts of alkylcarboxylic acids and cyclic carboxylic acids.

Abstract: A lubricant composition comprising a major amount of a lubricating oil and an effective dispersant amount of both a hydrocarbyl-substituted mono- and bis-succinimide having polyamine chain linked hydroxyacyl radicals, and a polyol derivative prepared by contacting an aliphatic polyolefin with P.sub.2 S.sub.5 in the presence of sulfur and P.sub.2 S.sub.5, contacting the resultant polyolefin-P.sub.2 S.sub.5 reaction product with a steam, removing inorganic phosphorus acid from the steam treated polyolefin P.sub.2 S.sub.5 reaction product, and contacting the polyolefin P.sub.2 S.sub.5 reaction product with a neopentyl polyol. The combination of succinimide and polyol derivative exhibit enhanced dispercancy and/or detergency over either additive alone.

Abstract: Disclosed are fuel compositions including alcohol-extended fuels containing friction-reducing, anti-corrosion and detergent amounts of at least one fuel soluble glycine derivative of the formula:RNHCH.sub.2 Xwherein R is a hydrocarbyl group having 6 to 18 carbons and X is ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is lower alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; R.sub.2 is alkylene having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 is an alkylamino or alkylpolyamino group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An interlayered pillared clay is formed by the steps of mixing a clay with a polar solvent, a soluble carbohydrate, and a soluble pillaring agent. The mixture is then heated to form the interlayered pillared clay. Useful clays are smectites such as montmorillonite.

Abstract: A fluid catalytic hydrocarbon conversion process and apparatus in which hot freshly regenerated catalyst is contacted with hydrocarbon feedstock in a gravity flow catalytic reactor. Spent catalyst from the reactor is separated from reactants in a ballistic separator and completely regenerated in a riser regenerator.

Abstract: A material having a use as a detergent in a motor fuel composition is the reaction product of an aldehyde, a phenoxy acid, and a mono- or diamine, wherein the aldehyde includes a hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms and the phenoxy acid has the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R is any hydrocarbon radical or oxygen-containing hydrocarbon radical of from 1 to about 36 carbon atoms with the carbon atom adjacent to the carboxylic acid functional group having at least one active hydrogen atom, and x varies from about 1 to 3. The monoamine useful in forming the reaction product has the formula: ##STR2## wherein X, X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 can be any hydrocarbon radical having from about 6 to about 36 carbon atoms, and wherein X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 can be a hydrogen atom. The diamine has the formula: ##STR3## wherein z varies from about 1 to 3, R.sup.1 is any hydrocarbon radical or oxygen substituted hydrocarbon radical having from about 6 to 36 carbon atoms and R.sup.

Abstract: A lubricant composition includes a mineral lubricanting lubricant composition and a friction modifying amount of a reaction product of an amine and maleic anhydride represented by the formula: ##STR1## in which X and X' are either: ##STR2## in which R and R' can be any hydrocarbon radicals and the total number of carbon atoms in R plus R' varies from about 6 to about 30, and wherein the nitrogen is bound to a secondary carbon atom, or wherein R is a hydrogen atom and R' is a branched hydrocarbon radical having from about 6 to 30 carbon atoms, or ##STR3## in which Y varies from 2 to 6, and in which R" is a hydrocarbon radical having from about 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and R"' is hydrogen or a methyl radical. The lubricant composition finds use in various internal combustion engines including slow and medium speed diesel engines and as a lubricant in the upper cylinder of a slow speed marine diesel engine.

Abstract: A fuel for internal combustion engines containing as a deposit-control additive at least one alkenylsuccinyl (polycarbonate-polyglycolethyleneoxy)-B-hydroxypropionate.

Abstract: This invention relates to a polyether amino amide additive and to a motor fuel composition containing same which inhibits ORI and has good carburetor detergency properties. The additive is represented by the formula: ##STR1## in which R is a hydrocarbyl radical having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, m is a integer from 2 to 4, R' is divalent alkylene radical having from 2 to 3 carbon atoms, n is 1 or 2, and X is a radical from the group consisting of: ##STR2## The present invention is also directed to a gasoline motor fuel composition having a reduced ORI and good carburetor detergency properties which composition contains a minor account of at least one of the above compounds.

Abstract: A process for the production of secondary butyl alcohol by the direct hydration of n-butenes in the presence of an acidic cation exchange resin catalyst which comprises depressurizing the vaporous product stream from a reactor to a pressure ranging from 15 to 40 bar and cooling the depressurizing product stream to a temperature of 120.degree. C. or below to liquefy the product stream, separating an aqueous fraction from said stream leaving an alcohol-butene/butane organic mixture, vaporizing said organic mixture, depressurizing said organic mixture to a pressure ranging from 3 to 30 bar and including a pressure of from 3 to 8 bar and introducing said depressurized organic mixture into a separation column to separate secondary butyl alcohol from said mixture.

Abstract: A process for improving the properties of a hydrogen donor coal liquefaction solvent employed in a coal liquefaction process which comprises separating said coal liquefaction solvent into a first fraction boiling in the range from about 350.degree. to about 675.degree. F., and a second fraction boiling in the range from about 675.degree. F. to about 1000.degree. F., hydrogenating said first fraction at a temperature ranging from about 600.degree. to about 800.degree. F., under a pressure of about 500 to 4000 psig, hydrogenating said second fraction at a temperature ranging from about 600.degree. to 700.degree. F. at a pressure from about 500 to 4000 psig and combining said hydrogenated first and second fractions to provide a coal liquefaction solvent having an increased concentration of hydrogen donor components.

Abstract: Disclosed are isomeric polyisobutenyl butyrolactones and lactams thereof useful as dispersants in lubricant oils and having the formulas: ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrocarbyl group having from 12 to 300 carbon atoms; X is O or >N--R', where R' is an alkyl or alkylamino group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms and from 0 to 10 nitrogen atoms. The butyrolactones are made by mild reduction of the corresponding cyclic anhydrides and the lactams are prepared by reacting the intermediate butyrolactones with at least a molar equivalent of a primary amine, optionally, in the presence of a base or an acid.

Abstract: A process for the removal of slag and other residual solid material from a coal gasification process as a suspension in water free from noxious gases normally associated therewith wherein water is drawn off from the quench section of a coal gasifier with the slag into lock hopper and is displaced by introducing cold fresh water into the lower portion of the lock hopper displacing the sour water from an exit in the upper portion of the lock hopper back into the quench section of the coal gasification system. In an alternate embodiment, noxious gases are stripped from the quench water in the lock hopper with a stripping gas. Solid waste and clean or decontaminated water are discharged from the system without pollution of the environment.