Abstract: A method has been discovered for determining the quality of steam reading a subterranean formation through a well bore. The steam is passed through a choke which imparts critical flow characteristics. A turbine meter is calibrated at the surface at known conditions and then positioned in the well where the steam quality value is required. The turbine meter is used in combination with the Saturated Steam Table to determine steam quality.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel class of compounds, useful as gasoline detergent additives, comprising hydrocarbyloxypolyether allophonate esters of 2-hydroxy ethane. The present invention also provides a motor fuel composition containing the novel allophonate esters and further provides a method of synthesizing the allophonate esters of the present invention.

Abstract: Production from a producing oil well is increased by forming a pumping string with pipe sections of small diameter and high tensile strength at the top and large diameter low tensile strength at the bottom of the well.

Abstract: A method of selectively hydrodenitrogenating various raw hydrocarbon oils such as various petroleum feedstocks, coal liquids, shale oils and sand oils, which method comprises passing the raw hydrocarbon oil along with hydrogen (H.sub.2) over sulfided carbon supported Fe-Mo catalysts, whereby the raw hydrocarbon oil is hydrodenitrogenated with a selectivity significantly higher than that is possible with conventional alumina supported hydrotreating catalysts.

Abstract: A system for improving the economics of production by reducing lifting costs of a producing well utilizes the upstroke of a pump to produce a fluid mixture of primarily oil with only a fraction of the produced water and the downstroke to inject the remaining produced water beneath a packer into a lower formation.

Abstract: An improved method for the production of stoichiometric ratioed syngas comprises partially oxidizing a gaseous feedstock containing substantial amounts of methane in a gasifier to produce a hot synthesis gas stream that is passed in indirect heat exchange through a steam reforming catalytic reactor. A portion of the steam reforming reaction products are mixed with the cooled gasifier synthesis gas stream exiting the steam reforming catalytic reactor to form a combined synthesis gas stream, called a "stoichiometric ratioed synthesis gas." The stoichiometric ratioed synthesis gas stream can then be passed into a methanol synthesis unit at substantially the specifications for optimal methanol production with little or no external compression. In a second embodiment the gasifier unit is arranged and operated in parallel with a primary steam reformer unit.

Abstract: An improvement has been discovered in an ebullated bed process. A residual hydrocarbon oil feedstock is hydrocracked to yield a product oil. The amount of sediment in the product oil is controlled by adjusting hydrogen partial pressure according to an algorithm. A change in temperature and residence time is avoided.

Abstract: An aqueous top of rail lubricant comprises a synthetic lubricant, a synthetic thickener, propylene glycol and ethanol. The lubricating composition is consumed in 5 to 15 minutes in the heat generated by a passing train. The lubricant is environmentally innocuous.

Abstract: A distillation method for the purification of crude propylene oxide containing contaminating quantities of water and methanol by partially purifying the crude propylene oxide in a plural stage distillation zone to provide a vaporized overhead distillate propylene oxide fraction containing a minor contaminating amount of vaporized water, andpassing the propylene oxide vapor fraction through a drying chamber containing a porous hygroscopic solid absorbent to selectively absorb water vapor onto the absorbent,and liquefying and recovering the thus-dehydrated purified propylene oxide.

Abstract: Turbidity and fluorescence measurements are taken simultaneously from a falling waste water stream in order to determine both the amount of solids and the amount of fluorescent material contained therein.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of selective preparation of ditertiary butyl peroxide from tertiary butyl hydroperoxide and t-butanol which comprises reacting said tertiary butyl hydroperoxide and t-butanol over a Beta-zeolite catalyst under hydroperoxide conversion conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of selective preparation of ditertiary butyl peroxide from tertiary butyl hydroperoxide and t-butanol which comprises reacting said tertiary butyl hydroperoxide and t-butanol over a solid acid catalyst selected from:a) an acidic montmorillonite clay;b) an acidic zeolite selected from the group consisting of dealuminized Y-zeolite and pentasil zeolite;c) an acidic organic resin; andd) heteropoly acids supported on an oxide selected from Group III or Group IV.

Abstract: A great many small volume samples are taken, at a high rate of frequency, from a multi-phase fluid stream to determine the respective oil, water and gas fractions. Rapid fluctuations from an all liquid curve will indicate the presence of gas in the fluid.

Abstract: An improvement has been found in a continuous grease process. A saponification reaction product is continuously recycled through both a shear valve and a heat exchanger to produce a dehydrated grease of uniform consistency and temperature. Both recycle loops are controlled by means of a single shear valve.

Abstract: Disclosed is a one-step method for synthesis of ethers from mixtures of acetone and t-butyl alcohol which comprises reacting an acetone-rich feed over a bifunctional catalyst comprising 5%-45% by weight hydrogenation catalyst on 55%-95% of the total catalyst weight of a support comprising a zeolite and a Group III or IV oxide.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for converting a hydrocarbon charge to a product containing improved yields of C.sub.4 /C.sub.5 olefins with a reduction in the loss of gasoline yield which comprises:passing said hydrocarbon charge into contact with a catalyst comprising a phosphorus-containing medium pore zeolite mixed as an additive with Y-zeolite in a weight ratio of 0.005 to 0.10, said zeolites in separate or composite spray dried particles,wherein the catalyst to oil ratio is 0.1 to 10, reacting said hydrocarbon charge at a temperature of 800.degree. F. to 1200.degree. F., a pressure of 0 to 150 psig, and in the absence of added hydrogen, thereby producing a product containing improved yields of C.sub.4 /.sub.5 olefins and reduced loss in gasoline yield.

Abstract: A process for treating a charge hydrocarbon oil containing undesired aromatic components, sulfur and nitrogen compounds, which comprisesmaintaining a bed of a sulfided catalyst comprising 0.1 to 15% by weight of nickel; and from 1 to 50% by weight of tungsten and 0.01 to 10% by weight of phosphorus, on an activated carbon support, andpassing a charge hydrocarbon feed in the presence of hydrogen into contact with said catalyst at hydrotreating conditions, thereby effecting hydrodearomatization, hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation of said charge hydrocarbon feed containing undesired aromatic components, sulfur and nitrogen, and forming a product stream of hydrocarbon containing a lesser quantity of undesired aromatic components, sulfur and nitrogen; andrecovering said product stream of hydrocarbon containing a lesser quantity of undesired aromatic components, sulfur and nitrogen.

Abstract: A waveguide and pressure barrier for use with devices for measuring fluid parameters of fluids passing in a pipe under high temperature and pressure conditions and utilizing microwave energy for making the measurements, the device including a pair of substantially identical members adapted to be mounted in spaced opposition on the pipe. Each member has an axial bore with a transverse bore for receiving a microwave antenna. The axial bore is substantially filled with a ceramic glass material providing the pressure and temperature barrier.

Abstract: Cement plugs are positively placed in a wellbore by placement of a bridge plug immediately beneath the depth where the plug is intended and release of a seal allowing flow of cement slurry from a slurry containment tube as the tube is withdrawn to cause a positive piston-like displacement of the fluid in the wellbore.

Abstract: A system for making airborne surveys uses first and second surveys made at opposite points on the thermal cycle and collects hyper-spectral image data forming continuous bands in the visible, solar infrared and thermal infrared regions.