Abstract: There are provided improved processes for the manufacture of enriched pitches, carbon fiber precursors, carbon fibers, and graphite fibers. The improvement comprises employing an elevated wiped-film evaporator in a wiped-film evaporator system comprising the wiped-film evaporator and a means for recovering enriched pitch, such as a positive displacement pump, to form an enriched pitch from catalytic pitch and regulating the operating conditions of the wiped-film evaporator system to provide the desired enriched pitch. The wiped-film evaporator is located a specific distance above the means for recovering enriched pitch. The vertical distance between the outlet of the wiped-film evaporator and the inlet of the means for recovering enriched pitch is within the range of about 10 feet to about 40 feet, preferably about 20 feet to about 40 feet.

Abstract: There are provided improved processes for the manufacture of enriched pitches, carbon fiber precursors, carbon fibers, and graphite fibers. The improvement comprises employing an elevated wiped-film evaporator in a wiped-film evaporator system comprising the wiped-film evaporator and a means for recovering enriched pitch, such as a positive displacement pump, to form an enriched pitch from catalytic pitch and regulating the operating conditions of the wiped-film evaporator system to provide the desired enriched pitch. The wiped-film evaporator is located a specific distance above the means for recovering enriched pitch. The vertical distance between the outlet of the wiped-film evaporator and the inlet of the means for recovering enriched pitch is within the range of about 10 feet to about 40 feet, preferably about 20 feet to about 40 feet.

Abstract: Coke and metals are removed from a carbo-metallic oil by contacting the carbo-metallic oil in a riser reaction zone with a relatively inert particulate sorbent material in the presence of steam and the resulting coked particulate sorbent material is regenerated in a regeneration zone in the presence of steam and oxygen to remove the carbonaceous deposits by means of oxidation, water gas reaction and carbon gasification. The operating conditions in the riser reaction zone and the regeneration zone are regulated to provide a maximum coke level on the regenerated particulate sorbent of about 0.25 wt. %.

Abstract: A process for upgrading topped crude oils and residual portions comprising material boiling above 552.degree. C. (1025.degree. F.) by the combination of partial demetallizing and decarbonizing of the residual oil before effecting zeolite catalytic cracking thereof is described in conjunction with a product separation process, a combined hydrocarbon gas product concentration section and the use of parallel arranged CO boilers to produce sulfur free flue gas and steam. Steam generated by the combination operation effectively reduces the energy requirement of the combustion process.

Abstract: A method and arrangement of apparatus employed is described for regenerating solid particles comprising carbonaceous deposits. At least three sequential stages of separation of flue gases from entrained solids are provided in association with an upflow catalyst regeneration operation.

Abstract: The invention is particularly concerned with controlling the two stage regeneration temperatures of the RCC residual oil cracking unit below 760.degree. C. (1400.degree. F.) by effecting a first stage regeneration with direct injection of water in an oxygen lean atmosphere to product CO rich flue gases under temperature conditions restricted not to substantially exceed 732.degree. C. (1350.degree. F.) preferably less than 732.degree. C. (1350.degree. F.) thereby partially regenerating the catalyst. The partially regenerated catalyst is withdrawn and directly cooled with boiler feed water to produce steam in an external catalyst cooler before passing the catalyst to a second stage catalyst regeneration for contact with an oxygen rich atmosphere restricted not to exceed 760.degree. C. (1400.degree. F.) and preferably maintain less than 760.degree. C. (1400.degree. F.). The catalyst regenerated by this technique comprising residual coke less than 0.

Abstract: In a reduced crude conversion the catalyst is regenerated with mixture of oxygen-enriched gas and H.sub.2 O either as steam or preferably as water to provide additional expansion and facilitate fluidization, while converting coke on catalyst to CO and H.sub.2 with minimum CO.sub.2 formation. The CO can be combined with hydrogen to produce methane, methanol or Fischer-Tropsch liquid hydrocarbons or can be passed through the reduced crude conversion operation as lift gas, or as cooling medium or subjected to water-gas shift to produce additional H.sub.2.

Abstract: Heat balance in a residual oil conversion unit can be controlled as a function of Conradson carbon of the feed, water added to the feed, hydrogen in the coke produced, CO.sub.2 /CO ratio, etc. Preferably, riser outlet temperature can be controlled to less than about 538.degree. C. (1000.degree. F.) at CO.sub.2 /CO flue gas ratios of 3/1 or less. Especially preferred are operations in a two-stage regenerator with cracking catalyst comprising at least 5000 ppm of Ni+V and residual carbon on regenerated catalyst of at least 0.1 wt. %. The contact time in the second stage of the regenerator being less than about 1/2 of that employed in the first stage, and with oxygen-lean gas being employed in the first stage. The heat transferred by the catalyst to the residual oil feed is preferably limited to about 500 to 1200 btu per pound of oil feed.

Abstract: Commercial catalysts are prepared combining the various ingredients into a catalytic binder system which has been freed of sodium so that the catalyst ingredients can be preferably spray dried and used in Fluid Catalytic Cracking or Reduced Crude Conversion hydrocarbon conversion operations without subsequent washing or drying. Catalysts can even be prepared on site, e.g., in spray drier operations performed in the FCC/RCC regenerator. Low-sodium slurries of any or all of the following ingredients can be employed in the manufacture: zeolites, clays, sols, carbon blacks, sacrificial sieves, acid matrix substances, and getters.

Abstract: In a reduced crude conversion the catalyst is regenerated with mixture of oxygen-enriched gas and H.sub.2 O either as steam or preferably as water to provide additional expansion and facilitate fluidization, while converting coke on catalyst to CO and H.sub.2 with minimum CO.sub.2 formation. The CO can be combined with hydrogen to produce methane, methanol or Fischer-Tropsch liquid hydrocarbons or can be passed through the reduced crude conversion operation as lift gas, or as cooling medium or subjected to water-gas shift to produce addition H.sub.2.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with the method of regenerating the fluidizable, catalytic, particulate solids in the regenerator section of an FCC process, and RCC process or a metals removal system or "ART" type process. It is directed to the use of a conduit means for charging fluidizing gaseous material to a vertical cylindrical vessel for cooling fluidizable particulate solids flowing through said vertical cylindrical vessel, which conduit means comprises a horizontal header means having suspended therefrom a plurality of vertical and horizontally spaced apart conduits, each conduit having near its open end a restriction orifice. The header means is located near the top of the cylindrical cooling vessel. One portion of the vertical conduits has lower ends located in the upper half of the vessel and a second portion of the vertical conduits has lower ends located in a lower half of the vessel.

Abstract: There are provided a process for preparing a suspension of elemental sulfur in a fluid, a process for preparing a sulfurized cutting fluid, and products that are obtained from the processes. A high-shearing mechanical device is employed in either process to transform an unfinished suspension of sulfur in a fluid into a stable suspension of finely-divided sulfur.

Abstract: In a reduced crude conversion the catalyst is regenerated with mixture of oxygen-enriched gas and H.sub.2 O either as steam or preferably as water to provide additional expansion and facilitate fluidization, while converting coke on catalyst to CO and H.sub.2 with minimum CO.sub.2 formation. The CO can be combined with hydrogen to produce methane, methanol or Fischer-Tropsch liquid hydrocarbons or can be passed through the reduced crude conversion operation as lift gas, or as cooling medium or subjected to water-gas shift to produce addition H.sub.2.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with the cooling of the fluidizable particulate solids, either catalytic or inert, in the regenerator section of an FCC process, an RCC process or a metals removal systems or "ART" type process. It is directed to the use of a conduit means for charging fluidizing gaseous material to a vertical cylindrical vessel for cooling fluidizable particulate solids flowing through said vertical cylindrical vessel, which conduits means comprises a horizontal header means having suspended therefrom a plurality of vertical and horizontally spaced apart conduits, each conduit having near its open end a restriction orifice. The header means can be located near the top of the cylindrical cooling vessel. While the example of a specific embodiment discloses one portion of the vertical conduits with lower ends located in a lower cross-sectional area of the vessel other arrangements sufficient to ensure proper fluidization are also possible.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with upgrading residual oils to gasoline product with a coke selective hydrogen stable faujasite crystalline zeolite catalyst comprising at least 40 weight percent of alumina and rare earth metals in an acidic matrix and effecting regeneration thereof in an oxygen lean atmosphere under CO combustion conditions. A compound of antimony is added to passivate metal contaminants. The regeneration of the catalyst is effected to retain up to 0.25 weight percent carbon and heat balance of the operation is limited as a function of metal promoted CO burn within a dense fluid bed of catalyst being regenerated.

Abstract: The catalyst comprises a physical particle-form mixture of a Componet A, a Component B, and a Component C, said Component A comprising at least one Group VIII noble metal, preferably platinum, deposed on a solid catalyst support material providing acidic catalytic sites, said Component B comprising a small amount of a non-noble metal of Group VIII selected from cobalt, nickel, and mixtures thereof, preferably cobalt, on a solid catalyst support material providing acidic catalytic sites, said Component C comprising a small amount of gallium deposed on a solid catalyst support material providing acidic catalytic sites, and said catalyst having been prepared by thoroughly and intimately blending finely-divided particles of said Component A, B, and C to provide a thoroughly-blended composite.The catalyst can be employed suitably in a hydrocarbon conversion process.

Abstract: There is disclosed a catalyst, which catalyst comprises a hydrogenation component comprising chromium, molybdenum, and at least one metal of Group VIII, a crystalline molecular sieve zeolite, and a porous refractory inorganic oxide. Suitable molecular sieve zeolites are those having pore diameters of at least 5 .ANG. (0.5 nm) and containing exchangeable cations, for example, faujasite crystalline aluminosilicates, mordenite crystalline aluminosilicates, ZSM crystalline aluminosilicates, and AMS crystalline metallosilicates.There are also disclosed processes for the hydrodenitrogenation and hydrocracking of a hydrocarbon stream containing a substantial amount of nitrogen compounds, which processes comprise contacting said stream under suitable conditions and in the presence of hydrogen with the aforesaid catalyst.

Abstract: Anti-friction additives for lubricating oil are prepared by reacting a sulfurized organic compound having an active hydrogen or potentially active hydrogen with a molybdenum halide. The resulting product has friction reducing properties at least as good as currently available phosphorus-containing additives.

Abstract: The catalyst comprises a physical particle-form mixture of a Component A, a Component B, and a Component C, said Component A comprising at least one Group VIII noble metal, preferably platinum, deposed on a solid catalyst support material providing acidic catalytic sites, said Component B comprising a small amount of a non-noble metal of Group VIII selected from cobalt, nickel, and mixtures thereof, preferably cobalt, on a solid catalyst support material providing acidic catalytic sites, said Component C comprising a small amount of gallium deposed on a solid catalyst support material providing acidic catalytic sites, and said catalyst having been prepared by thoroughly and intimately blending finely-divided particles of said Components A, B, and C to provide a thoroughly-blended composite.The catalyst can be employed suitably in a hydrocarbon conversion process.

Abstract: Lubricating oil composition comprising the reaction product of a phenolic compound, a molybdenum, an amine and sulfur or a sulfur-yielding compound. Preferably, molybdenum oxide, an alkyl-substituted phenol having an alkyl side chain of at least 9 carbon atoms, an amine having at least one aliphatic hydrocarbon-based radical or aliphatic-substituted aromatic radical and elemental sulfur are reacted to produce the reaction product of the invention.