Abstract: The invention refers to a filament having improved emission of visible light. The emissivity of a tungsten filament is improved by depositing a layer of submicron-to-micron crystallites on the filament, the layer having substantially submicron spacing between crystallites. The crystallites being formed from tungsten or a tungsten alloy of up to 1 weight percent thorium, up to 10 weight percent of at least one of rhenium, tantalum, or niobium, and the balance substantially tungsten.

Abstract: A composite is produced by depositing a slurry of infiltration-promoting material and organic binding material on a layer of boron nitride coated fibrous material forming a tape therewith on drying, firing the tape to burn out organic binding material and infiltrating the resulting porous body with silicon.

Abstract: A method of forming the superconducting body comprises forming a body comprised of a precursor deposit of an oxide superconductor on a substrate formed from a silver alloy comprised of a solute metal from the group consisting of yttrium, aluminum, lithium, zirconium, alkaline earths, lanthanides, and mixtures thereof in an effective amount to form oxide particles that increase the hardness of the substrate, and the balance silver. The body is annealed in an oxidizing atmosphere to form the oxide particles in the substrate, and the deposit into a continuous oxide superconductor.

Abstract: An improved method for the dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls that are dissolved in an organic solvent, which comprises the incremental additions of a hydrogen transfer agent, such as potassium formate, in the presence of a catalytic amount of a hydrogenation catalyst, such as palladium supported on carbon, and water.

Abstract: Metallic iron particles are added to an aqueous solution containing hexavalent chromium and mechanically agitated. Enough of the surface of the iron particles remains precipitate-free to reduce substantially all the hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium. Adjustment of pH allows the formation of insoluble precipitates which may be separated from solution using conventional techniques. The properties of the aqueous electrolyte solution are retained, and the solution may be reused.

Abstract: A composite is produced by depositing a slurry of infiltration-promoting material and organic binding material on a layer of boron nitride coated fibrous material forming a tape therewith on drying, firing the tape to burn out organic binding material and infiltrating the resulting porous body with silicon.

Abstract: A method for improved atomization of molten metal having a melting point above 1000.degree. C. is taught. The atomization is carried out in close coupled atomizer. The melt to be atomized is supplied from a reservoir where it is heated to a temperature slightly above the melting point. The molten metal from the reservoir is guided to the atomization zone by a ceramic melt guide tube. The atomization is accomplished with the aid of a shallow draft atomizing nozzle. The melt in the melt guide tube is heated with the aid of an induction coil which is disposed thereabout and between the reservoir and the shallow draft gas nozzle.

Abstract: A molten metal atomization ring structure has an elongated or oval aperture therethrough through which a molten metal stream passes and is broken up into a molten metal spray pattern. The structure may be angularly adjusted about a transverse axis of the aperture at a greater angle without engaging the passing metal stream.

Abstract: The alloy is preferably an alloy having a niobium and titanium base according to the expression:Nb-Ti.sub.27-40.5 -Al.sub.4.5-10.5 -Hf.sub.1.5-5.5 Cr.sub.4.5-7.9 V.sub.0-6,wherein the ratio of concentrations of Ti to Nb (Ti/Nb) is greater than or equal (.gtoreq.) to 0.5, andwherein the maximum concentration of the Hf+V+Al+Cr additives is less than or equal (.ltoreq.) to the expression:16.5+(5.times.Ti/Nb),and the minimum concentration of these additives is 10.5.The crystal form of the alloy is specifically body centered cubic crystal form.

Abstract: A process for dehalogenating hydrocarbon compounds that contaminate aqueous compositions is disclosed. The process admixes the contaminated aqueous composition with ferrous oxide and citric acid. The reaction can be performed in situ and ex situ on contaminated groundwaters, ponds and streams.

Abstract: A process for significantly improving the rate of dehalogenation of aqueous compositions contaminated with halogenated hydrocarbon compounds is disclosed. The process involves admixing the contaminated aqueous composition with metallic iron in the presence of citric acid both in-situ and ex-situ. The use of citric acid as an additive in the reaction substantially increases the rate of iron-induced dechlorination of chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as trichloroethylene.

Abstract: A method of electroslag refining of metal is taught. The method starts with the introduction of unrefined metal into an electroslag refining process in which the unrefined metal is first melted at the upper surface of the refining slag. The molten metal in the form if droplets is refined as it passes through the molten slag. The refined metal droplets are collected in a cold hearth apparatus having a skull of refined metal formed on the surface of the cold hearth and protecting the cold hearth from the leaching action of the refined molten metal. A cold finger bottom pour spout is formed at the bottom of the cold hearth to permit dispensing of molten refined metal from the cold hearth.

Abstract: A process for significantly improving the adhesion of a refractory metal deposited on diamond is disclosed. The process involves depositing an initial thin metal coating by low pressure chemical vapor deposition on diamond, heat treating in a non-oxidizing environment, and continuing the deposition of the initial metal coating until a desired thickness is achieved. Diamond sheets that have undergone the inventive process where 15 micrometers of tungsten are deposited, exhibit tungsten adhesive values in excess of 10,000 pounds per square inch.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for atomizing liquid metal are disclosed. A vessel supplies liquid metal through a pouring channel to an atomizing nozzle. A flow sensor provides at least one gas flow into the liquid metal, and determines a pressure difference from the gas flow. A processor determines the liquid metal flow rate through the nozzle from the pressure difference. A control adjusts the liquid metal flow rate in response to the determined liquid metal flow rate, and the liquid metal is atomized.

Abstract: A composite is produced by forming tapes comprised of a mixture of infiltration-promoting material and organic binding material, disposing a layer of boron nitride coated fibrous material between at least two of the tapes forming a layered structure, laminating the layered structure, heating the layered structure to remove organic binding material and infiltrating the resulting porous body with a solution of boron and silicon.

Abstract: A method for the electroslag refining of titanium base alloy is provided. The method involves providing a refining vessel to contain an electroslag refining layer floating on a layer of molten refined metal. An ingot of unrefined titanium base alloy having a higher nitrogen content is lowered into the vessel into contact with the molten electroslag layer. A refining current is passed through the slag layer to the ingot to cause surface melting at the interface between the ingot and the electroslag layer. As the ingot is surface melted at its point of contact with the slag, droplets of the unrefined metal are formed and these droplets are refined as they pass down through the slag and are collected in a body of molten refined metal beneath the slag. The refined metal is held within a cold hearth. At the bottom of the cold hearth, a cold finger orifice is provided to permit the withdrawal of refined metal from the cold hearth apparatus.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for forming a flexible connector. An outer die is formed having a mold surface defining an outer surface of the connector. An inner die is formed to have an outer surface defining an inner surface of the connector. A plurality of sheets is inserted into the mold surface with the inner die to form a compact assembly. The assembly is milled to align the sheet edges, and the aligned edges are joined in predetermined sections to form the flexible connector.

Abstract: A method and article for damping acoustic energy caused vibrations comprises forming a damping surface comprising an alloy containing from about 13.5 to about 24.5 atom percent tin with the balance being essentially titanium or a titanium-chromium alloy containing from about 52 to about 56 atom percent chromium, about 8 to about 12 atom percent aluminum, and the balance essentially titanium.

Abstract: Boron nitride is coated on filaments of elemental carbon and/or silicon carbide, the coated filaments are contacted with an infiltration-promoting material containing elemental carbon to produce a preform wherein the filaments are substantially parallel and each filament is enveloped with infiltration-promoting material, and the preform is infiltrated with molten silicon to produce a composite containing boron nitride coated filaments.

Abstract: The method and apparatus of this invention is related to measuring a flow rate of a liquid having a density .rho. from a vessel having an inner cavity and a pouring channel. A flow sensor introduces a first gas flow into the liquid in the cavity at a first position, the inner cavity having a cross-sectional area A.sub.1 at the first position, and a second gas flow into the liquid in the pouring channel at a second position, the pouring channel having a cross-sectional area A.sub.2 at the second position, there being a vertical distance z between the first and second positions. A transducer provides an output signal proportional to a pressure differential p.sub.1 -p.sub.2 between the first and second gas flows. A processor receives the output signal and determines the liquid flow rate m through the pouring channel according to the proportional relation ##EQU1## where g is gravity.