Abstract: A motor protector having a can and an internal electrical contact is hermetically sealed to a disk-shaped header of conductive material, the header having a flattened edge for orientation in the can during fabrication of the protector and having spaced conductive pins sealed in and insulated from the header. A heater-support having holes for fabrication is bonded to one conductive pin, a bimetallic element on the support has a plane parallel to the axes of the pins and has a contact element normally contacting the can contact. A heater is bonded to each of the electrically conductive pins spaced from the movable contact and in a plane parallel to the axes of the conductive pins. In making the motor protector a fixture has one depression with pins mating with the support apertures and has a second depression receiving the header in an upright position and adjacent the first depression.

Abstract: A transducer arrangement comprising a magnetoresistive transducer including a magnetoresistive element responsive to magnetic flux passing therethrough in a predetermined direction to change its electrical resistance as a function of the intensity of the magnetic flux in the predetermined direction and a magnet to provide said magnetic flux. The transducer can include a permanent magnet having a planar surface with a magnetoresistive element offset from the axis of the magnet and optionally at an angle to the planar surface. The transducer can also include a concave surfaced magnet with the magnetoresistive element at an acute angle to the parallel flux lines emanating from the concave surface. As a further embodiment, the magnetoresistive element can be tilted on the magnet surface in two directions to provide a bias field and calibration.

Abstract: A socket for testing integrated circuit units has contact elements and holding members movable on a body and has a cover reciprocable toward the body to move the contact elements and holding members in selected sequence for receiving an integrated circuit unit in a carrier on the body and away from the body to permit the holding members to engage the carrier and to permit the contact elements to engage terminals on the integrated circuit on the carrier for releasably connecting the terminals in a test circuit.

Abstract: A normally open pressure responsive switch having upper and lower housings with a snap acting member and an electrically conductive member sandwiched therebetween. The housings each include a body with a hollow center portion and the lower housing has a contact in the center portion extending externally of the member. The snap acting member is in constant engagement with the sandwiched conductive member and normally out of engagement with the contact. When pressure is applied which is sufficient to cause the snap acting member to snap connection is made with the electrically conductive member in the lower assembly. An elastomeric sealing member is mounted in the upper housing and has a neck portion received in the hollow center portion, an integrally attached flange biased against the electrically conductive member and lower housing and an integrally attached lobe extending above the upper housing to seal off the hollow center portion when the switch is mounted at a switch receiving seat.

Abstract: A member of selected shape embodying a refractory metal material such as a titanium aluminide preferably having reinforcing elements disposed therein is provided by combining constitutents of the refractory metal material surrounding the reinforcing elements, by consolidating the constituents and elements and forming them into the selected shape, and by reacting the constituents with each other for forming the refractory metal material in situ within the selected shape, at least one of the constituents also preferably being reacted in situ within the selected shape with metal material of the reinforcing elements for forming an intermetallic compound which securely holds the reinforcing elements in position within the selected shape.

Abstract: A three pole relay which operates in response to the flow of normal operating current across fluorescent lamps to activate a coil, the coil coperating a relay to open switches disposed in all of the filament lines associated with the lamp to shut off filament current while maintaining current flow across the lamps themselves.

Abstract: A pressure responsive switch having upper and lower contact assemblies with a snap acting member and an electrically conductive member sandwiched therebetween. The assemblies each include an insulating body with a hollow center and an electrically conductive member having a contact in the center portion and extending externally of the body. The snap acting member is in constant engagement with the sandwiched conductive member and normally in engagement with the electrically conductive member of the upper assembly. When a pressure is applied which is sufficient to cause the snap acting member to snap into its second stable state, the connection thereof with the electrically conductive member in the upper contact assembly is broken and connection is made with the electrically conductive member in the lower assembly. The switch is normally closed by removing the portion of the electrically conductive member in the lower assembly which extends externally thereof.

Abstract: A thermostat having an electrically insulating housing and a push button extending therein through a bottom wall thereof. Two normally closed contacts, one fixed and the other on a movable carrier with a projection are disposed within the housing. A spring member pivotable about its center portion has an end resting against the push button and an opposite end resting against the movable contact carrier. An electrically insulating sheet is disposed over an open end of the housing with a convex outwardly bimetallic disc over and external to the insulating sheet and a cap disposed over the disc to enclose the disc within the housing. In an alarm status, the disc becomes convex inwardly and pushes against the projection on the movable contact carrier to separate the contacts.

Abstract: A pressure or temperature responsive switch wherein the high temperature environment at the measuring portion of the switch is thermally isolated from other portions of the switch which are incapable of operation at such high temperatures, thereby providing a relatively low cost switch with the desired capability. There is also provided a pressure or temperature responsive switch as noted above which is assembled by friction fit among the parts and without rivets or the like. Furthermore, the materials used permit waterproof sealing by the use of shrink tubing which bonds to the wire insulation.

Abstract: Subject-matter of this invention is a method for assembling components, such as M.O.S, devices and the like, upon printed circuit boards by clinching, such method including the steps of providing a board bearing a printed circuit with places upon which a component is to be assembled; applying the component upon the board with its pins in contact with the places of the circuit among which it is to be assembled; pressing the component in order that the pins are forced to penetrate through the thickness of the board; and clinching the end portions of the pins protruding from the back side of the board.

Abstract: A circuit having a semiconductor device therein has a novel and improved circuit substrate comprising a layer of organic electrically insulating material having a layer of metal of relatively high electrical conductivity adhered to and supported on one side of the organic material layer forming electrically conductive circuit paths and forming a pad mounting the semiconductor device. A heat sink metal layer is adhered to and supported on an opposite side of the organic material layer for withdrawing heat from the semiconductor device.

Abstract: A three pole relay is shown which operates in response to the flow of normal operating current across fluorescent lamps to energizes a coil which actuates a relay to open switches disposed in all of the filament lines associated with the lamp to shut off filament current while maintaining current flow across the lamps themselves.

Abstract: A universal sensor has a selectively scaled condition responsive element such as a capacitive pressure transducer mounted on a common support with signal conditioning means embodied in an integrated circuit to provide a control signal precisely corresponding to a sensed condition. Electrically actuatable means on the support are incorporated in the circuit for low cost, mass producible calibration of the circuit and condition-responsive element relative to each other after assembly on the common support. Preferably, a capacitive pressure transducer, and a reference capacitor are arranged in a charge-locked loop relation with a common node while an array of switches cycles the voltage across the transducer and reference capacitors with opposite transitions with a predetermined frequency so change in transducer capacitance results in a differential voltage at the common node.

Abstract: A high reliability low cost connector has flat retainers blanked from an electrically conductive sheet metal and inserted into an opening in an electrically insulating body. Each retainer has a post at one end extending from an opening at one side of the body and has a pair of integral wings spaced from each other in a plane at its opposite end disposed in the opening at an opposite side of the body. Spring clips are blanked and formed from an electrically conductive sheet metal spring material and are inserted into the body openings so loop portions of the clips fit between the pairs of retainer wings in each opening and are biased into resilient electrical engagement with the retainer wings. Each clip preferably has two pairs of juxtaposed spring leaves integral with the loop spaced at 90.degree. relative to each other around a common axis to grip a terminal inserted between the spring leaves. The loops are also formed with interruptions in each loop in a common location between two adjacent spring leads.

Abstract: A pressure responsive variable capacitive transducer is shown in which a flat flexible diaphragm having a capacitor plate disposed thereon is mounted overlying a recess in a substrate having a capacitor plate disposed on the surface of the recess so that the plates are spaced apart a selected distance determined by the depth of the recess. In one embodiment a glass seal is located between the diaphragm and the substrate inwardly of the outer perimeter of the diaphragm while in a second embodiment a glass seal is located outwardly from the outer perimeter of the diaphragm. The substrate is formed with bores adapted to receive electrical connection pins. Electrically conductive traces extend from electrically conductive layers to wells formed in the substrate contiguous with the bores to provide a gradual transition for the traces and an electrically conductive epoxy is infilled to electrically connect the pins to the traces.

Abstract: An internal-combustion engine of the injection type comprises a cylinder (1) which is provided with an inlet channel (4) with inlet valve (5). An inlet tube (2) with fuel injector (3) is fixed on this inlet channel. A heating element with a heat sink (11, 12), electrical resistance means (16) and current supply means (14, 17, 18, 20) projects into the inlet channel of the cylinder. In order to avoid cold spot problems, the heating element (11 to 16) is not fitted in a thermally insulated manner, and is integrated in a plate (6) which is clamped between the inlet tube (2) and the head of the cylinder (1). The electrical resistance means (16) are provided in a chamber (11) whose top face forms part of the heat sink. A cylindrically curved wall (12) preferably connects to the chamber (11) and is connected to this plate by means of material bridges (10).

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a printed wiring board system including a printed wiring board having an electrical conductor on one surface thereof, a pair of apertures extending through the printed wiring board, an electrically conductive jumper extending through the apertures and beyond the surfaces of the printed wiring board surrounding the apertures, the portions of the jumpers extending beyond the electrical conductor carrying surface being positioned along the surface of the board and substantially parallel thereto, solder being disposed over each of the portions of the jumpers extending beyond the conductor carrying surface, the solder extending over the entire region between the portions. The additional solder build up between and around the jumpers substantially increase the current carrying capacity of the jumper and metal trace combination.

Abstract: An air heater mounted in an elongated ventilation slot located beneath a window of a land, sea or air vehicle has a plurality of self-regulating ceramic heater tablets having a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) positioned between two metal strips and fastened thereto in thermally and electrically conductive relation.Heat exchangers comprising sheet metal fins with baffles are secured in electrically and thermally conductive relation to the opposite sides of the strips so that the baffles introduce turbulence into the air flowing over the strips. Other metal strips having electrical terminals are thermally and electrically connected to the fins opposite the first named strips for energizing the heater tablets. The PTC tablets are spaced to define flow passages therebetween so that the air flowing through the ventilation slot passes over the heat exchangers, plates and tablets for rapidly withdrawing heat from the tablets.

Abstract: An electrical outlet receptacle is shown having a thermally responsive switch disposed within the receptacle thermally coupled to components of the receptacle and adapted to interrupt power thereto upon the occurrence of overload or overtemperature conditions in the environs of the receptacle.

Abstract: An automatic alternator is coupled to both a step up and a step down transformer. The outputs from the transformer are rectified and connected respectively to a windshield heater and to a circuit comprising the normal 14 volt car loads and the battery. A switch is coupled to the output of the step up transformer to control the energization of the windshield heater. Output leads from the alternator also bypass the transformer and are rectified with its DC output connected through switched to a positive temperature coefficient of resistivity heater and to the normal car load circuit.