Abstract: A process for separating a component from a feed blend comprising an aqueous solution of a mixture of different components, such as a blend of saccharides. In the process the blend is contacted with an adsorbent comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate and cation exchange resin mixture which selectively adsorbs a component from the feed blend. The adsorbed component is then recovered by contacting the adsorbent with a desorbent material such as water to effect the desorption of the adsorbed component from the adsorbent. There is an undesirable tendency for the silicon constituent of a crystalline aluminosilicate to dissolve in an aqueous system and for the volume of a cationic exchange resin to change with the ionic strength of an aqueous medium. The adsorbent of this invention is dispersed in a binder material comprising a water permeable organic polymer and the effect is a substantial reduction of the undesirable dissolution and volume changes.

Abstract: Alcohols such as those containing from about 1 to about 10 carbon atoms may be converted to aldehydes by treating the alcohols with an oxygen-containing gas such as air or oxygen in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least two oxides of metals selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, nickel, manganese, iron and chromium, at least one of said oxides being molybdenum oxide or tungsten oxide composited on a high surface area support. The conversion reaction may be effected at a temperature ranging from about 200.degree. to about 400.degree. C. and a pressure in the range of from about atmospheric to about 50 atmospheres. By employing this particular catalyst, good conversion rates and high selectivity to the aldehydes will be obtained.

Abstract: Dehydrogenatable hydrocarbons are dehydrogenated by contacting them at hydrocarbon dehydrogenation conditions with a multimetallic catalytic composite comprising a combination of a catalytically effective amount of a pyrolyzed ruthenium carbonyl component with a porous carrier material containing a uniform dispersion of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum group component maintained in the elemental metallic state, and of a rhenium component. An optional non-acidic multimetallic catalytic composite disclosed herein is a combination of a catalytically effective amount of a pyrolyzed ruthenium carbonyl component with a porous carrier material containing a uniform dispersion of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum group component which is maintained in the elemental metallic state during the incorporation of the ruthenium carbonyl component, a rhenium component, and an alkali or alkaline earth component.

Abstract: A process for the recovery of aromatic hydrocarbons and a non-aromatic raffinate stream from a hydrocarbon charge stock is disclosed. The hydrocarbon charge stock is treated with an aromatics-selective solvent to provide an aromatics-rich solvent stream and a non-aromatic raffinate stream. The aromatics-rich solvent stream is treated in a stripper column at conditions to separate substantially all of the non-aromatic hydrocarbons therefrom. The rich solvent stream is subjected to steam stripping to provide a high purity aromatics stream and an aqueous stream comprising the steam condensate and residual aromatics. This aqueous stream is treated with a minor portion of the non-aromatic raffinate to remove the residual aromatics, and the resulting aqueous stream is utilized to wash the remainder of the raffinate free of solvent. The raffinate stream is recovered substantially free of aromatics.

Abstract: Dehydrogenatable hydrocarbons may be subjected to a dehydrogenation process in which a dehydrogenatable hydrocarbon is contacted with a dehydrogenation catalyst at dehydrogenation conditions in the presence of steam. The resulting mixture of undehydrogenated dehydrogenatable hydrocarbon, dehydrogenated hydrocarbon, hydrogen and steam is contacted with an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of an oxidative catalyst comprising a noble metal of Group VIII of the Periodic Table and a metal cation which possesses an ionic radius no less than about 1.35 Angstroms composited on a porous alumina support.

Abstract: Phenols may be alkylated with monosubstituted or alpha, beta-disubstituted olefins over a silica alumina composite to afford 2,4,6-tri-sec-alkylphenols in high yields. The alkylation catalyst shows high activity and high selectivity to the 2,4,6-trialkylated product while minimizing oligomerization of the olefin. Composites containing from about 40 to about 60% silica, the remainder being alumina, are especially valuable.

Abstract: 1-Menthol can be readily obtained from racemic menthol by conversion of the latter to the diastereomeric esters of an optically active amino acid and chromatographing the diastereomers. The separation of the diastereomeric esters is relatively insensitive to the support or to the solvent used as eluant, and satisfactory separation occurs under a broad variety of conditions. 1-Menthol can be obtained by base catalyzed hydrolysis of the purified diastereomer with high optical purity.

Abstract: Hydrocarbons are converted by contacting them at hydrocarbon conversion conditions with an acidic multimetallic catalytic composite comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum group component, a cobalt component, a tin component, a phosphorus component and a halogen component with a porous carrier material. The platinum group, cobalt, tin, phosphorus and halogen components are present in the multimetallic catalyst in amounts respectively, calculated on an elemental basis, corresponding to about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % platinum group metal, about 0.05 to about 5 wt. % cobalt, about 0.01 to about 5 Wt. % tin, about 0.01 to about 5 wt. % phosphorus and about 0.1 to about 3.5 wt. % halogen. A specific example of the type of hydrocarbon conversion process disclosed is a process for the catalytic reforming of a low-octane gasoline fraction wherein the gasoline fraction and a hydrogen stream are contacted with the acidic multimetallic catalyst disclosed herein at reforming conditions.

Abstract: Mounting arrangement for a bimetallic pipe base well screen which must operate at elevated temperatures includes a pair of expandable end boss rings at the ends of a cylindrical screen member. The end boss rings overlie unperforated portions of the outer surface end portions of an internal pipe member which has perforations along a portion of its length which underlie the well screen. The screen member and the end boss rings have a greater temperature coefficient of expansion than the pipe base. At room temperature, the end boss rings have a smaller inner diameter than the outer diameter of the pipe base. The boss ring portions are heated and shrunk-fit onto the pipe base to a degree that at operational temperatures they will either expand slightly out of contact with the pipe base, or at least become substantially unstressed, thus preventing damage to the screen member while also blocking out the entry of particles.

Abstract: Support matrices are prepared by titanating the surface hydroxyl groups of refractory inorganic oxides with a titanium tetrahalide, such as TiCl.sub.4, reacting each of the remaining halogens of the surface-titanated oxide with one of the amino groups of diamine, and thereafter reacting the remaining amino group with one of the functional groups of a dialdehyde or diisocyanate. Titanating is carried out by contacting a refractory inorganic oxide with titanium tetrahalide, preferably in the absence of a solvent for the titanium tetrahalide, removing excess and unreacted titanium tetrahalide and heating the titanated inorganic oxide at a temperature of from about 80.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C. in an inert atmosphere of nitrogen, argon or helium, or in a vacuum. Such support matrices may be used to bind enzymes, affording effective immobilized enzyme systems.

Abstract: Compositions which will inhibit the formation of scale due to calcium carbonate precipitation in recirculating water systems will comprise a mixture of polyvinylpyrrolidone and aminotri(methylenephosphonic acid). The compositions will be present in the water system in a range of from about 2 to about 25 ppm of said system and will contain the components of the composition in a mole ratio in the range of from about 1: to about 1:10 moles of polyvinylpyrrolidone per mole of phosphonic acid.

Abstract: Titanium metal values may be recovered from a metal-bearing source containing titanium and iron by subjecting the source to an oxidation treatment and a reductive roast. After having crushed the source to a desired particle size, the reduced source is then leached by treatment with a halogen-containing compound to form soluble halides, following which the soluble titanium halide is precipitated as titanium dioxide by treatment with an iron oxide such as ferric oxide and recovered. The amount of titanium dioxide which is recovered may be optimized by utilizing a reductant such as hydrogen or carbon monoxide in an amount in the range of from about 1.5 to about 4.5 times the stoichiometric amount required to reduce the iron oxide to metallic oxide during the reductive roast.

Abstract: Filament reinforced cylindrical plastic screens having open slots defined by their surface wires which are of substantially different widths can be produced on a single helically finned mandrel. The slot widths are varied in accordance with the amount of wire-forming material placed in the generally V-shaped grooves defined by the mandrel fins. The grooves have a double relief angle so that the lower support portions of the surface wires will be formed so as to have a slightly tapered, radially elongated cross-section and the upper portions of the wires will have their sides at a substantially greater relief angle. This relationship permits a relatively small change in the total height of the wires to have a substantial effect on the width of the top portion of the wires, and thus, on the width of the slot openings which can be formed between adjacent wires.

Abstract: Thermal deactivation of amyloglucosidase is substantially retarded at elevated pressures relative to atmospheric pressure. The productivity of glucose formation from amyloglucosidase-catalyzed hydrolysis of starch or partially hydrolyzed starch is significantly increased when the hydrolysis is performed at a pressure greater than about 500 psig.

Abstract: Gas separation membranes may be prepared in a continuous manner by passing a porous support which may, if so desired, be backed by a fabric through a solution of polymethylpentene dissolved in an organic solvent such as hexane. The support member is passed through the solution while one side thereof is in contact with a roller, thereby permitting only one side of the support member to be coated with the polymer. After continuously withdrawing the support member from the bath, the solvent is allowed to evaporate and the resulting membrane is recovered.

Abstract: A support matrix comprising a porous support impregnated with a polyamine substantially all of whose nitrogens bear pendant epoxide groups can be readily used to immobilize enzymes. Because immobilization results from formation of a hydrolytically stable carbon-nitrogen single bond, the resulting immobilized enzyme system may be advantageously used where hydrolytic instability of the bound enzyme is an important consideration.

Abstract: System for automatically dispensing a liquid treatment chemical from a replaceable supply bottle into an intermittently flowing liquid stream such as a recirculating water supply for a refrigeration system. The system has a feeder chamber into which the liquid stream flows which is periodically emptied by a siphon tube when the liquid reaches a level sufficient to establish a siphon effect in the siphon tube. The rising level of liquid in the chamber also actuates, by means of a float member, the valve portion of a closure assembly on the inverted top of the supply bottle. The valve portion is fed by a capillary tube and dispenses a predetermined, very small quantity of chemical each time it is actuated. The valve portion is prevented from becoming clogged by chemical crystals during inactive periods by being mounted so that its surface will be flushed each cycle by the water which rises in the feeder chamber.

Abstract: A support matrix is described where a porous inorganic support is impregnated with an amine-bearing polymer whose backbone is polar and hydrophilic. The amino groups are cross-linked and themselves bear pendant aldehyde groups kept well away from the surface of the polymer-coated support.

Abstract: Multilayer laminates and substrates for carriers of silicon chips which are used in circuitry boards will comprise woven hybrid glass cloth formed from fiberglass and a second material which possesses a coefficient of thermal expansion of less than about 5.0.times.10.sup.-6 in/in/.degree.C. The resulting laminates will be thermally and dimensionally stable. As an example, a hybrid glass cloth may be formed in which the warp yarn of said cloth is fiberglass and the fill yarn is boron nitride. The resulting cloth may be used to form laminates which possess a coefficient of thermal expansion similar in nature to that of a chip carrier such as ceramic, thus minimizing the danger of a solder fracture.

Abstract: Step-growth polymers can be prepared by reacting a mixture of diphenylether or di(phenoxyphenyl)sulfone with biphenylene and a phthaloyl halide in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts acylating catalyst. These polymers can be cured by heating in the range 300.degree.-340.degree. C., with cross-linking occurring by reaction of formed biphenylene diradicals.