Abstract: A method of compensation for the thickness of an organ in an X-ray machine of the type comprising an X-ray source and a detector of the beam of X-rays after it has passed through the organ, the detector being capable of converting the X-ray beam into a digital electronic signal, in which, from a digitized image, an image of the radiologic thicknesses of an organ traversed by the X-ray beam is calculated, a thickness threshold is defined, from this there is derived an algebraic compensation image to bring the pixels of a level below or above the threshold back to the value of the threshold, and the thickness image and a proportion of the compensation image are summed up, to obtain a compensated thickness image.

Abstract: A method and device applicable to HV generators and X-ray tubes, and a computer program and support for the program. In the method a determination is made of a scale of values representing the energy of the radio-frequency spectrum transmitted by radio wave over a given period in the electric discharges appearing in the system for a given test voltage, by artificially varying in the system the level of pollution of the system until dielectric failure of the system. A limiting value is chosen embracing the admissible pollution tolerances on manufacture. A measurement is made for each system of the same product type of the quantity of energy of the radio-frequency spectrum transmitted by radio wave by each of the systems under the same conditions. A comparison is made of the quantities measured with the limiting value chosen to determine a possible fluctuation of quality of the systems produced.

Abstract: X-ray emission device comprising a casing opened by a window and an X-ray tube placed in the casing, the tube comprising an anode assembly equipped with an anode, a cathode assembly equipped with a cathode and an envelope containing the anode and the cathode, the anode assembly including a means of longitudinal positioning of the tube in the casing and the cathode assembly including a means of angular positioning of the tube in the casing on a longitudinal axis.

Abstract: Removable digital X-ray imaging device intended for mammography, comprising X-ray detectors placed on one edge of the device upon imaging. The device contains box for protecting the X-ray detectors by separating the X-ray detectors from the edge of the device, the device being in rest position.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing titanium alloys in large-section semi-finished product form with controlled microstructure in micrograin and subcrystalline states of aggregation, with reduced metallographic texture, is achieved with the desired combination of mechanical properties in the titanium alloy product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to metal casting and can be used in producing large sized blades with directional and single crystal structure having large horizontal shoulders. The apparatus comprises a vacuum chamber inside which there is positioned a mold preheating furnace with a ceramic mold and a vertical shield disposed therein, and a crystallizer. The shield is positioned concentrically to the casting vertical axis and is fixed on the mold upper portion or on a hanger. The shield can be made integral or as a row of members having projecting flanges which telescopically insert into each other. The shield is made of a graphitized foil or a carbon/carbon based composite material.

Abstract: The method consists of subjecting the organ to pre-exposure with a low dose of rays, creating in the field of the pre-exposure image a multi-cellular image in which each cell represents the mean signal level of a predetermined number of pixels of the detector, selecting from the columns the cell of minimum signal level most distant from a reference point, establishing about this cell a band parallel to the reference point and selecting from the band the cell having the absolute minimum signal level.

Abstract: Covering device comprising two rigid cover elements associated respectively with a first and with a second unit having a relative mobility, the two rigid cover elements having apertures opposite one another, and a flexible cover element having two opposite ends a first end of the flexible cover element being fixed directly to the aperture of the first rigid cover element and its second end being fixed to a rigid positioning flange whose shape is adapted to the shape of the aperture of the second rigid cover element and which comprises joining means cooperating with complementary means provided on the second unit for the flange to position the second end of the flexible cover element, in all relative positions of the two units, in such a way that the position of the second end corresponds to the position of the aperture of the second rigid cover element after placement of the latter on the second unit.

Abstract: Several acquisitions of digital radiographic images of an element of interest are made, by using a moving camera rotating around the element of interest in a plane parallel to the plane of a section, a matching stage is carried out in which projected elements are located in all the acquired images, corresponding respectively to the projections of the element of interest in those acquired images. The width of each projected element is determined and the section of the element of interest is reconstructed from the different widths determined.

Abstract: Method of improved detection of elements of interest by means of a detection system in a digital radiographic image of an object, acquired on an acquisition chain, comprising a first calibration phase in which the performances of the detection system are established. For such purpose, a calibration curve with several dimensions is determined by means of a mathematical model of the acquisition chain and object, in order to express a false positive probability as a function of a set of parameters corresponding to the acquisition chain and object. In the course of a second phase of use, a false positive probability value is determined for each pixel of the image. One then selects among the pixels of the digital radiographic image acquired those whose probability value obtained satisfies a predetermined criterion.

Abstract: System for locating cassettes for producing digital images, in a radiography apparatus of the type comprising an X-ray source, means for data processing, a support for the cassette in an active position and a storage space for the cassette in the inactive position. The cassette comprises means for detecting the insertion of the cassette into the support and means for detecting the identification of the cassette.

Abstract: Method and apparatus and computer programs and computer medium for improving quality of a radiographic image of an object obtained by an X-ray apparatus containing an antidiffusion grid, placed between the object and a receiver of radiographic images, The grid is displaced in rectilinear translation in its plane on pickup of the image, between two positions according to a time displacement law which is a continuous curve with a time precision of approximately ±10% presenting at least five separate parts, the displacement taking place at constant speed over at least two parts and at variable speed over at least one part.

Abstract: The process comprises a calibration of the apparatus, in which a virtual volume surrounding the object is generated and broken down into voxels, an acquisition of the set of numbered projected two-dimensional images, and a reconstruction of the three-dimensional image from the projected acquired two-dimensional images, and from an iterative algebraic image reconstruction algorithm. A first iteration of the algorithm is performed with a predetermined initial image resolution so as to obtain, at the end of this first iteration, first density values for the voxels of the volume, at least one part of the voxels of the virtual volume is subdivided into several sets, respectively, corresponding to different image resolutions that are multiples or sub-multiples of the initial resolution, and during each subsequent iteration of the algorithm, the algorithm is successively aplied to each of the sets of voxels.

Abstract: Method of saturation management of a digital radiographic exposure image in which there are one or more saturation areas, acquired notably after a mammogram on an acquisition chain in automatic mode using a low-dose preexposure image. A mask is made from the exposure image by taking the saturation areas into account; the coverage areas corresponding to the saturation areas of the exposure image are determined on the preexposure image by using the the mask; a digital standardization processing of the gray levels of both the exposure image and the preexposure image is then carried out; and the final image is determined from a combination of the two images thus processed.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for medical radiology and, in particular, galactography in the field of mammography. The method of obtaining radiological images in galactography comprises acquiring of a first radiological image of the breast in a compressed state: introducing a contrast medium in a part of the breast; acquiring at least a second radiological image of the breast in the compressed state and with contrast medium; and partial or complete subtraction of the first image in relation to the second image, or vice versa. An apparatus for use of the method comprises means for maintaining a breast compressed or immobilized and means for holding a catheter or the like for introducing a contrast medium in the breast.

Abstract: Radiology system and method for data transmission comprising emission of an X-ray beam, reception of the X-ray beam after it has crossed an organ to be studied, reception control, an image former, a first network server associated with the reception control and a second network server associated with the image former, each server being capable of transmitting data in html format to a remote computer.

Abstract: Method of controlling of a radiology device, of the type comprising a means of emission of an X-ray beam and a means of reception of the X-ray beam, after it has crossed a part of the object's body, in which a three-dimensional image of a part of the object's body is reconstructed from a series of two-dimensional films, two-dimensional views of the three-dimensional image are produced at different angles of incidence, the angle of incidence allowing the best visualization of the part of the object's body are selected, the angles of incidence are stored in memory, and the angles of incidence are supplied to the radiology device for its positioning with a view to an intervention or procedure on the part of the object's body under fluoroscopy allowing a visualization in real time of two-dimensional.

Abstract: Method and system for compensating for the thickness of an organ in a radiology instrument, in which an image of the radiological thicknesses of the organ through which the X-ray beam has passed is calculated on the basis of a digitized image, the thickness image is filtered using a low-pass filter in order to obtain a low-frequency image, the low-frequency image is subtracted from the radiological thickness image in order to obtain a contrast image, the low-frequency image is processed using a pre-recorded table taking into account a contract &khgr; selected by a user in order to obtain an image with reduced dynamic range, and the image with reduced dynamic range is added to the contrast image in order to obtain a compensated thickness image, the pixels having a level below or above a predetermined threshold being returned at least to the value of the threshold, while preserving the differences and real ratios between the anatomical structures.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of reconstruction of a three-dimensional image of elements of sharp contrast from a set of two-dimensional images of an object comprising the elements of sharp contrast. For each different position of an X-ray camera around the object, a two-dimensional image is taken, and the use of an algorithm for reconstruction of the three-dimensional image is preceded by a stage of filtering of the set of two-dimensional images.

Abstract: Belt tensioner comprising a support, a roller designed to be in contact with the belt to be tensioned, a roller carrier on which the roller is mounted rotationally and which is mounted on the support so as to move back and forth between two extreme positions, a spring arranged between the support and the roller carrier in such a way as to urge the roller carrier continuously from a first to a second of the two extreme positions, a two-way switch mounted on the support in such a way as to be actuated by the roller carrier to occupy a first state only when the roller carrier is at the first extreme position and to pass into the second state when the roller carrier has left this first extreme position under the action of the spring, and means for mounting the support on a base so that the roller carrier occupies the first extreme position only when the belt is intact and has a predetermined tension.