Abstract: A laser beam generator for making wavelength conversion automatically controls the length of an external resonator of a laser source to perform wavelength conversion at a high efficiency by pulling-in a servo using a resonator length error signal and a reflected light signal. A sample-and-hold circuit is used to detect the error signal from the detected light signal which is reflected from the external resonator.

Abstract: A memory module includes electrodes arranged on one side edge of a laminated substrate. A plurality of memory elements are mounted on the surface of the laminated substrate, wherein signal line electrodes for the memory elements are arranged on one side edge of the laminated substrate, and respective electrode terminals for a second power supply line and a second grounding line connected in parallel to a first power supply line and a first grounding line are provided on a surface of the laminated substrate. The electrodes are situated at a position at or near maximum amplitude of the potential distribution generated on the first power supply line and the first grounding line when the memory elements are driven.

Abstract: A casing which accommodates an electric circuit for generating sounds of different tones or voice sounds has a recess 11 defined in its upper panel and a loudspeaker 12 disposed therein and mounted on the upper panel for reproducing and radiating sounds or voice sounds. A plurality of tone plates can selectively be placed, one at a time, in the recess. Each of the tone plates has dots and a bar code indicative of a sound or voice sound of its own. When one of the tone plates is inserted in the recess, the dots or bar code is detected by a sensor in the recess, and the electric circuit enables the loudspeaker to reproduce and radiate a tone or voice which is indicated by the inserted tone plate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a contrast control circuit capable of controlling the contrast even if the back porch is comparatively short. The contrast control circuit comprises monostable multivibrators (24, 26) which provides a background pulse and a reference pulse alternately, respectively, a switch (SW1) which clamps a video signal while the background pulse is HIGH so that the potential of the pedestal level is zero on an (N+1)th horizontal scanning line, and a switch (SW2) samples the leading edge of a reference pulse inserted in the video signal while the reference pulse is HIGH on an nth horizontal scanning line.

Abstract: A white balance adjustment circuit in which red, green and blue video signals representative of a video image are passed through red, green and blue amplifiers. A first detector detects the levels of the red, green and blue video signals and a second detector detects the illuminance level of the video image. A controller controls the relative gains of the red, green and blue amplifiers in accordance with the first and second detector.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter. The VCO 111 generates a sampling clock with a frequency four times that of a subcarrier. The A/D conversion circuit 103 converts an analog composite signal on the basis of the sampling clock thus generated. The BPF 113 extracts an input subcarrier from the digital composite signal. The local subcarrier reference generator 112 generates a local subcarrier. The multiplier 114 detects the phase differences between the input subcarrier and the local subcarrier. The averaging (I) circuit 115 averages consecutive 4 n phase differences. The averaging (II) circuit 116 further averages the averages thus obtained over a plurality of lines. The pulse generator 117 generates a pulse signal with a width corresponding to the averages thus obtained. The integrator 118 integrates the pulse signal thus generated thereby to control the oscillating frequency and phase of the VCO 111.

Abstract: An improved film trap for a motion picture projector. The film trap includes a runner assembly having first and second runner elements each having a reduced thickness. The reduced thickness of the first and second runner elements enables the first and second runner elements to contact a first side of the filmstrip such that only a portion of the filmstrip which includes the sprocket holes is contacted by the first and second runner elements. The film trap further includes first and second pressure bands having a reduced thickness substantially equivalent to the first and second runner elements thickness. The first and second pressure bands urge the filmstrip against the first and second runner elements by contacting a second side of the filmstrip such that only a portion of the filmstrip which includes the sprocket holes is contacted by the first and second pressure bands.

Abstract: A spread spectrum communication system for performing spread spectrum communication by superimposing a pseudo noise signal on a transmitted signal. The system comprises traffic detecting means for detecting the traffic of the transmitted signal, and means for changing the clock frequency of the pseudo noise signal in accordance with the output from the traffic detecting means. The system may alternatively comprise transmission quality determining means for determining the transmission quality of the received signal, and means for changing the clock frequency of the pseudo noise signal in accordance with the transmission quality determined by the transmission quality determining means. In operation, the system offers improved S/N ratios where traffic is high or transmission quality is low, saves power where traffic is low or transmission quality is high, and ensures large margins of power control precision for mobile stations near the upper limit of the system's line capacity.

Abstract: A cordless telephone apparatus comprising a master unit connected to a telephone line and slave units each connected to the master unit via a radio wave channel. The master unit includes a recording/reproducing circuit for recording an incoming message from a calling party on the telephone line and reproducing the recorded message in response to a request. The recording/reproducing circuit has a recording medium to record and reproduce the message, and a management area to manage the messages recorded on the recording medium. When the incoming message from the calling party is recorded on the recording medium in the recording/reproducing circuit, data for managing such message recording is registered in the management area in response to a key designation corresponding to the slave unit. And when a predetermined key operation is performed in the slave unit, the message relative to the key-operated slave unit is reproduced from the recording medium in accordance with the data registered in the management area.

Abstract: A process for converting characters arranged circularly, as for example about the center hole of a compact disk, into a linear arrangement. Points are assigned to locations on the circular arrangement. These points are mapped to a linear arrangement. The number of points is selected to be greater than those of the original image to enhance the resolution of the resulting image. The location of the points is stored in an address array. The values of the pixels in the original image are then copied to a target array. The pixel values are then converted to binary values serving as input to a recognition neural network and a verification neural network.

Abstract: An improved frequency and phase lock detection circuit includes a first circuit for receiving a first signal and a second circuit for receiving a second signal. A detecting circuit detects that one of the first and second signals is being received by one of the first and second receiving circuits and produces a detect signal indicative thereof. A comparing circuit detects that the first and second signals have substantially the same frequency and phase and produces a compare signal indicative thereof. An output circuit receives the detect signal and the compare signal and produces a locked signal in response thereto which indicates that at least one of the first and second signals is being received and that the first and second signals are substantially identical in frequency and phase.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling electrical power to a satellite broadcast receiver forming a part of a television device. The television device receives a command receiving a command (e.g. from a remote controller) to turn off electrical power. The television device determines if broadcast satellite recording is currently being executed, for example by an external VTR connected to an output port of the television device. If broadcast satellite recording is being executed, power is turned off power to a portion of the television device while retaining electrical power to the satellite broadcast receiver. If broadcast satellite recording is not being executed, power is turned off to the broadcast satellite receiver also.

Abstract: An apparatus for correcting wave distortion. An input signal is supplied to a delay circuit, the input signal being so modulated that an accumulated value of a time interval from its leading edge to its trailing edge equals another accumulated value of another time interval from a trailing edge to a leading edge. The delay circuit generates plural successively delayed outputs, each of which has a certain time delay shorter than the time interval. A selector selects a plurality of delayed signals among the plural delayed outputs. A synthesizer synthesizes a plurality of delayed signals so that a synthesized signal can be obtained by correcting at least one of the time interval and the another time interval through the certain time delay. A detector detects a difference between a time interval from a leading edge to a trailing edge and another time interval from a trailing edge to a leading edge of the synthesized signal out of the synthesizer.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser device is comprised of a first lead member having a mounting portion for mounting a semiconductor laser, at least one second lead member to be connected to the semiconductor laser, and a resin mold member for unitarily molding the first and second lead members, wherein the resin mold member has a recess portion for receiving the semiconductor laser therein and for exposing therein the mounting portion of the first lead member and a part of the second lead member, and wherein the semiconductor laser is electrically connected to the first and second lead members within the recess portion.

Abstract: A TDD type transmitter-receiver capable of dividing one channel into a transmission slot and a reception slot with respect to time and performing time-divided transmission and reception of data during such slots respectively. The transmitter-receiver includes a transmitting circuit having the capacity to generate a carrier signal; a receiving circuit having an oscillator to generate an oscillation signal for converting a received signal into a predetermined intermediate frequency signal, and a mixer to mix the received signal with the oscillation signal; a signal line for supplying a leakage signal in the transmitting circuit to the receiving circuit; a frequency discriminator for converting into a voltage the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal obtained from the receiving circuit; a device for storing the voltage therein; and circuitry for controlling the oscillation frequency of the oscillator in accordance with the voltage.

Abstract: A device for preventing contamination of a clean room during a drilling or cutting operation. A box-like chamber is provided for containing a power driven tool such as a drill. One wall of the chamber includes an opening for access to the workpiece (e.g. a wall to be cut or drilled). Another wall includes an access port with a rubber glove for operating the power tool. A pigtail electrical outlet within the chamber provides electrical power to the tool. A similar chamber may be used on an opposite side of the wall being drilled in the event it must be kept clean also. Both chambers include a port for attachment to a vacuum source such as a conventional vacuum cleaner and a port for entry of air to divert debris away from the workpiece and into the vacuum cleaner. In another embodiment, a small enclosure is clamped to the body of a drill or similar tool. The enclosure includes a vacuum port for removal of the debris.

Abstract: A signal input selecting circuit comprises a plurality of signal input terminals, a first switch device for selecting one of signal electrodes of the signal input terminals to be connected with a signal processing block, a second switch device for selecting one of reference electrodes of the signal input terminals to be connected with a reference potential point, a third switch device for connecting the second switch device with a current supplying portion, and a voltage detector for detecting a voltage corresponding to an impedance of the second switch device.

Abstract: A video signal reproducing apparatus, typically an 8-mm video tape recorder, reproduces a signal recorded along inclined tracks on a magnetic video tape in a tape cassette having an erase prevention member. The video signal reproducing apparatus has an erase prevention detector for detecting whether a further signal can be recorded on the magnetic video tape or not based on the status of the erase prevention member. A reproducing circuit reproduces the recorded signal from the magnetic video tape for a predetermined period of time, typically one second, when the erase prevention detector detects that no further signal can be recorded on the magnetic video tape. An index extracting circuit extracts an index signal from the reproduced signal, and the extracted index signal is decoded by an index decoder. The decoded index information, typically a chapter number, is displayed on a television monitor in response to the depression of an index key on a control panel.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing electromagnetic shielding. A wire for carrying an electrical signal is shielded with a first cylindrical ferrite shield by passing the wire through its central passage. The first ferrite shield has magnetic characteristics which provide attenuation of electrical noise over a first particular frequency band. A second cylindrical ferrite shield is situated adjacent the first shield with the wire passing through its central passage. The second ferrite shield has magnetic characteristics which provide attenuation of electrical noise over a second particular frequency band. A plastic package surrounds the first and second ferrite shields, and holds the first and second shields end to end in fixed proximity to one another. The plastic package includes a pair of half-cylindrical package sections having a joined edge and two open edges with a hinge portion joining the pair of package sections at the joined edge.

Abstract: A deflection current circuit having reduced power requirements. A switch 33 is controlled by a control circuit 71 in association with the horizontal deflection period. A switch 73 is controlled by the control circuit 72 in synchronization with the horizontal deflection period modulated by the vertical deflection period. Switch 33 is turned off in the retrace interval, and during the period in which the switch 33 is in the off-state, the switch 73 is turned off for a predetermined period. The off-period of the switch 73 is modulated by the vertical deflection period to produce greater horizontal deflection in the center of the screen.