Abstract: An improved lubricating oil composition comprising a major amount by weight of oil of lubricating viscosity, a minor amount by weight of solid particles effective to improve the lubricating properties of the composition; and a minor amount of certain dispersant --VI improver materials. This composition provides improved inhibition of sludge and varnish formation in use.

Abstract: A system for use in a gasoline station for automatic enablement of fuel dispensing means from the fuel island by a customer credit card comprising credit card reader means, customer operable keyboard means, display means, output channel means, and first processor control means, together with attendant control means for use by the attendant of the gas station. The attendant control means is manually operable by the attendant for enabling a selected fuel dispensing means, thereby providing an indication to the attendant of the value of dispensed fuel made by the customer.

Abstract: A system for use in a gasoline station for automatic enablement of fuel dispensing means from the fuel island by a customer credit card comprising credit card reader means, customer operable keyboard means, display means, output channel means, and first processor control means, together with attendant control means for use by the attendant of the gas station, the attendant control means being manually operable by the attendant for enabling a selected fuel dispensing means, thereby providing an indication to the attendant of the value of dispensed fuel made by the customer.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for reducing the amount of oil required to form coal-oil agglomerates comprising the steps of (a) forming a slurry of water and coal particles; (b) contacting the slurry with an amount of hydrocarbon oil to form coal-oil agglomerates; (c) contacting said agglomerates with an additional amount of coal particles to form coal-oil agglomerates of a desired size; and (d) recovering coal-oil agglomerates of reduced oil content.

Abstract: A microprocessor based controller for regulating the position of a stack damper in a combustion furnace by feedback control adjusting damper position in view of an operator input target value of excess oxygen and an actual monitored excess oxygen value. A feedforward control overrides the feedback control for a time period initiated by the feedforward control responding to process variables indicating increase in combustion demand.

Abstract: Thermal stability of a halide-promoted, supported noble metal reforming catalyst is improved by employing a modified alumina support whose alumina precursor comprises at least about 75 weight percent boehmite, having an average crystallite diameter no greater than about 60 Angstroms. The thermal stability of the support is improved by the inclusion of a minor amount of silica, preferably added as an alkali-metal silicate to a mull of alumina prior to its extrusion and calcination with subsequent washing to remove the alkali metal.

Abstract: Thermal stability of a halide-promoted, supported noble metal reforming catalyst is improved by employing a modified alumina support whose alumina precursor comprises at least about 75 weight percent boehmite, having an average crystallite diameter no greater than about 60 Angstroms. The thermal stability of the support is improved by the inclusion of a minor amount of silica, preferably added as an orthosilicate ester to a mull of alumina prior to its extrusion and calcination.

Abstract: Thermal stability of a halide-promoted, alumina-supported noble metal reforming catalyst is improved by employing an alumina support precursor which comprises at least about 75 weight percent boehmite, having an average crystallite diameter no greater than about 60 Angstroms.

Abstract: Thermal stability of a halide-promoted, supported noble metal reforming catalyst is improved by employing a modified alumina support whose alumina precusor comprises at least about 75 weight percent boehmite, having an average crystallite diameter no greater than about 60 Angstroms. The thermal stability of the support is improved by the inclusion of a minor amount of silica, preferably added as a low-sodium colloidal silica dispersion to a mull of alumina prior to its extrusion and calcination.

Abstract: A process for reducing the sulfur and ash content of coal comprising the steps of: (1) contacting coal particles containing ash and iron pyrite mineral matter with a promoting amount of at least one conditioning agent, said conditioning agent having a ferrous component maintained at a pH of from about 5.5 to 11.0 and being capable of modifying or altering the existing surface characteristics of the pyrite under conditions to effectuate alteration of modification of at least a portion of the contained pyritic sulfur; (2) agglomerating the coal particles while said pyrite surfaces are altered or modified in an aqueous medium with hydrocarbon oil to form coal-hydrocarbon oil agglomerates; (3) separating said coal-hydrocarbon oil agglomerates from pyrite mineral matter and ash to recover coal-hydrocarbon oil agglomerates wherein the coal exhibits reduced sulfur and ash content.

Abstract: An apparatus for distributing a liquid-vapor mixture into two or more separate streams or paths involving a hollow vessel having a fluid inlet means; at least two pipe means each of which have one end extending into the vessel, each pipe means being in fluid communication with a different pass of a heat-exchanger system having at least two passes, each pipe means providing a different path for liquid-vapor flow from the hollow vessel; at least one aperture in that part of each of the pipe means extending into the vessel and restrictive means located in the vessel to restrict fluid flow directly into the top openings of the pipe means. In an additional embodiment, each of the pipe means is in fluid communication with a different chemical reaction zone.Improved methods of distributing a liquid-vapor mixture are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of agglomerating coal particles, a portion of the coal particles having a fine particle size comprising (a) separating at least part of the coal particles having a fine particle size to provide a first fraction of coal particles having a reduced coal fines content; (b) contacting a slurry of coal particles of the first fraction with hydrocarbon oil to form coal-oil agglomerates; and (c) recovering coal-oil agglomerates of reduced oil content.

Abstract: A process for reducing the sulfur content of coal, by the treatment of coal particles, contained in an aqueous slurry, of floatable coal-oil particles, with an oxygen-containing gas at elevated temperature and pressure, comprising the steps of:(a) feeding the oxygen-containing gas and the aqueous slurry of floatable coal-oil particles, at process pressure, to a bottom zone of a vertically disposed, elongated reactor vessel;(b) passing the gas and aqueous slurry in cocurrent flow upwardly through a baffled reaction zone, maintained at reaction temperature and pressure, the baffled reaction zone having a plurality of baffle plates spaced therethrough generally normal to the reactor wall, each baffle plate having a configuration generally conforming to the internal diameter of the reactor vessel and a plurality of apertures disposed about the baffle plate, to provide a total aperture area equal to from about 3% to about 28% of the vessel cross-sectional area as free area;(c) continuously withdrawing the aqueous

Abstract: A process for reducing the sulfur and ash content of coal particles wherein coal particles are treated in an aqueous slurry with a minor amount of hydrocarbon oil to form coal-oil aggregates having modified particle size and density characteristics. The coal-oil aggregates are separated from ash and mineral matter in the slurry by gravitational means. Optionally, the coal particles may be treated with a conditioning agent prior to the aggregation step. Recovered coal particles comprise a substantial part of the feed carbon values.

Abstract: A process for reducing the sulfur and ash content of coal wherein coal particles are treated in an aqueous slurry with a minor amount of hydrocarbon oil to form coal-oil aggregates. The coal-oil aggregates are separated from ash and mineral matter in the slurry by dissolved gas flotation. Optionally, the coal particles may be treated with a conditioning agent prior to the aggregation step. Recovered coal particles comprise a substantial part of the feed carbon values.

Abstract: A process for reducing the sulfur and ash content of coal wherein coal particles are treated in an aqueous slurry with a minor amount of hydrocarbon oil to form coal-oil aggregates having modified particle size and density characteristics. The coal-oil aggregates are separated from ash and mineral matter in the slurry by size separation means. Optionally, the coal particles may be treated with a conditioning agent prior to the aggregation step. Recovered coal particles comprise a substantial part of the feed carbon values.

Abstract: A process for reducing the sulfur and ash content of coal wherein coal particles are treated with a conditioning agent in an aqueous slurry prior to agglomeration with a minor amount of hydrocarbon oil. After separation of the coal-oil agglomerate from ash and mineral matter remaining in the aqueous slurry, additional oil is added to provide a slurry of coal particles in hydrocarbon oil. Agglomeration of remaining ash and mineral matter is effected by addition of a minor amount of water. After separation of the mineral agglomerate and recovery from the oil slurry, treated coal particles are substantially reduced in ash and sulfur content.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for reducing the amount of hydrocarbon oil required to form coal-oil agglomerates comprising the steps of (a) combining a first coal fraction comprising predominately coarse particles, and a second coal fraction comprising predominately fine coal particles; and (b) agitating a slurry of the combined coal fractions, hydrocarbon oil and water to form coal-oil agglomerates.

Abstract: A process for reducing the sulfur and ash content of coal comprising: treating coal particles in a hydrocarbon oil slurry with minor amounts of a conditioning agent and water to effect agglomeration of ash and pyritic sulfur mineral matter; separating the agglomerates from the slurried coal particles; and recovering coal particles from the hydrocarbon oil.