Abstract: A process for the manufacture and/or conversion of hydrocarbons comprises contacting as feed any of: a gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, acyclic organic compounds, hydrocarbon compounds, and mixtures thereof, under conversion conditions with a catalyst comprising silicalite.

Abstract: The reduction of octane requirement in a spark ignition, internal combustion engine is achieved by introducing with the combustion intake charge a fuel and/or lubricant composition containing an octane requirement reduction amount of a compound represented by the formula: ##STR1## where R, R' and R" are hydrocarbyl groups having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Catalysts for the isomerization of n-paraffins are prepared by treating mordenite with an acid solution comprising Na- or K-ions and thereafter with a solution of an NH.sub.4 -compound, mixing the thus treated mordenite with an inert binder material on which a Group VIII noble metal has been deposited and finally shaping the resulting mixture under high pressure.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a heavy oil with a low Ramsbottom Carbon Test (RCT) from a short residue by (a) catalytic hydrotreatment for RCT reduction at such severity that the C.sub.4.sup.- gas production per percentage RCT reduction is kept between defined limits, followed by (b) solvent deasphalting of the (vacuum or atmospheric) distillation residue of the hydrotreated product.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a heavy oil with a low Ramsbottom Carbon Test (RCT) from an asphalt by (a) catalytic hydrotreatment for RCT reduction at such severity that the C.sub.4.sup.- gas producton per percentage RCT reduction is kept between defined limits, followed by (b) solvent deasphalting of the (vacuum or atmospheric) distillation residue of the hydrotreated product.

Abstract: In the preparation of a heavy oil with a low Ramsbottom Carbon Test (RCT) from a precipitation asphalt by a two-stage process comprising catalytic hydrotreatment followed by solvent deasphalting and recycle of the separated asphalt to the first stage, the catalytic hydrotreatment for RCT reduction in the first stage is carried out at such severity that the C.sub.4.sup.- gas production per percent RCT reduction is kept between defined limits.

Abstract: In the preparation of a heavy oil with a low Ramsbottom Carbon Test (RCT) from a short residue by a two-stage process comprising catalytic hydrotreatment followed by solvent deasphalting and recycle of the asphalt to the first stage, the catalytic hydrotreatment for RCT reduction in the first stage is carried out at such severity that the C.sub.4.sup.- production per percent RCT reduction is kept between defined limits.

Abstract: Middle distillate hydrocarbons are produced from feed mixtures of carbon monoxide and hydrogen by contacting said feed at elevated temperature and pressure in a first stage with certain impregnated catalysts and contacting at least the middle distillate fraction of the product of the first stage in the presence of hyrogen with a catalyst containing at least one metal having hydrogenation activity supported on a porous carrier.

Abstract: Fine-crystalline silicates are separated by filtration from an aqueous mother liquor which contains at least 30% v of a water-miscible alcohol, ketone, sulphoxide or cyclic ether which, per molecule, contain at most five carbon atoms with a boiling point below 85.degree. C.

Abstract: An improved process for hydroconversion of mineral oil is disclosed wherein a spherical hydroconversion catalyst having a diameter greater than 6 mm, a surface area above 200 m.sup.2 /gm, and a crush strength above 70 pounds is used to replace the inert materials which are used to support or retain a fixed bed of suitable hydroconversion catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of crystalline iron silicates with certain critical ratios of components in the starting mixture results in silicates having improved catalytic properties in conversion processes.

Abstract: Moving bed reactor provided with conical catalyst bed supporting means, which are in communication with vertical channels below the cone(s) and provided with screen walls for the removal of reactor effluent, wherein for increasing the sieve area the channels are ring shaped, both walls having a screen area and/or are provided with intermediate double-walled partitions bearing screen sections in each wall.

Abstract: The control or reversal of octane requirement increase phenomenon together with improved fuel economy in a spark ignition internal combustion engine is achieved by introducing with the combustion charge a fuel composition containing an octane requirement increase-inhibiting amount of (a) certain oil soluble aliphatic polyamines and (b) certain low molecular weight polymers and/or copolymers of monoolefins having up to 6 carbon atoms, in certain ratio.

Abstract: Hydraulic fluids consisting of oil in water emulsion comprising 90-99%w of water, non-ionic emulsifier and 0.5-5%w of a high viscosity lubricating oil having a kinematic viscosity of 40.degree. C. of at least 160 cS.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of an aromatic hydrocarbon mixture from a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen using a mixture of two catalysts; one is a conventional catalyst for the conversion of a CO/H.sub.2 mixture into acyclic oxygen-containing hydrocarbons and the other is a certain crystalline silicate containing at least one element selected from manganese, clacium, magnesium and titanium, and the alumina to silica ratio is greater than 0.005.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of a hydrocarbon mixture by contacting in a first stage a feed mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide with an H.sub.2 /CO molar ratio of less than 1.0 with a trifunctional catalyst combination containing (a) at least one metal component having catalytic activity for conversions of a H.sub.2 /CO mixture into acyclic hydrocarbons, and/or acyclic oxygen-containing hydrocarbons, (b) at least one metal component for the conversion of an H.sub.2 O/CO mixture into an H.sub.2 /CO mixture, and (c) a certain crystalline silicate containing at least one trivalent metal selected from aluminum, iron, gallium, rhodium, chromium and scandium, wherein the molar ratio of the trivalent metal oxide to silica is less than 0.1; adjusting the H.sub.2 /CO molar to at least 1.5 by adding H.sub.2 O, if necessary; followed by contacting in a second stage at least the C.sub.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of certain crystalline iron silicates particularly suitable for converting acyclic oxygen-containing hydrocarbons into aromatic hydrocarbons wherein use of high silicon content compounds together with certain amines results in silicates having unexpected catalytic stability.