Abstract: A carbonaceous article, e.g., a carbon or graphite electrode, is provided with an oxidation prohibitive coating comprising a compliant, low strength, porous, sintered, particulate, refractory, ceramic material. A cover layer is preferably applied over this compliant, low strength, ceramic layer, the cover layer comprising a rigid, glassy substance which is plastic and flowable at temperatures above about 750.degree. C.

Abstract: A low-carbon vanadium nitride is prepared in a furnace at an elevated temperature of about 1400.degree. C. under nitrogen atmosphere from a feed material containing a mixture of vanadium oxynitride and carbon. The vanadium oxynitride is prepared by the partial ammonia reduction of a vanadium-containing oxidic compound such as ammonium metavanadate (NH.sub.4 VO.sub.3) or oxides of vanadium such as V.sub.2 O.sub.3 and V.sub.2 O.sub.5.

Abstract: A carbonaceous article, e.g., a carbon or graphite crucible or mold, is provided with an oxidation prohibitive coating comprising a rigid, glassy, ceramic, refractory material containing mullite and silicon carbide or boron carbide or both. The carbonaceous article has a coefficient of thermal expansion which is greater than about 1.5.times.10.sup.-6 inch/inch/.degree.C.

Abstract: Flexible packaging bags are sequentially air-opened one at a time at a packaging station and filled with an article to be packaged while resting on top of a packaging table, which is removable so as to expose an area beneath the table in which a stacked and wicket held supply of the packaging bags is stored for use in the packaging operation, a selected number of the bags being periodically removed from the stacked supply of bags and transferred to the packaging station while still held by the wicket.

Abstract: A process is provided for the production of vanadyl hydrate including solvent extraction and stripping steps. The vanadyl hydrate is then reacted with carbon to produce vanadium carbide.

Abstract: Calcined anthracite coal particles are substituted for petroleum coke in the manufacture of high quality graphite electrodes.

Abstract: Process for producing alloy steels wherein a vanadium additive consisting essentially of chemically prepared, substantially pure V.sub.2 O.sub.3 is added to molten steel as a vanadium additive. The production of the alloy steel involves specifically the use of the V.sub.2 O.sub.3 as a vanadium additive in an argon-oxygen-decarburization (AOD) process.

Abstract: A coating composition applied to a substrate by a thermal spray process which comprises tungsten carbide and a boron-containing alloy or a mixture of alloys with a total composition of from about 6.0 to 18.0 weight percent boron, 0 to 6 weight percent silicon, 0 to 20 weight percent chromium, 0 to 5 weight percent iron and the balance nickel; the tungsten carbide comprising about 78 to 88 weight percent of the entire composition.

Abstract: A coating composition applied to a substrate by a thermal spray process which consists essentially of from about 11.0 to about 18.0 weight percent cobalt, from about 2.0 to about 6.0 weight percent chromium, from about 3.0 to about 4.5 weight percent carbon and the balance tungsten.

Abstract: A wicket bag packet for use in conjunction with automatic and semi-automatic packaging apparatus comprises a stack of flattened flexible packaging bags, each of the bags having an open end and having wicket holes adjacent to the open end, and a wicket including a substantially rigid upper portion and a lower portion, the lower portion preferably being a flexible, tubular binding member extending upwardly through the wicket holes in each of the bags and joining with the substantially rigid upper portion of the wicket to form a continuous flexible loop for holding the packaging bags together in the stack.

Abstract: A multistage piston assembly is provided in apparatus for stuffing large meat articles in flexible tubular food casing. The piston assembly is mounted in longitudinally axial alignment with the article-loading chamber and stuffing horn and includes a first stage piston and a second stage piston coaxially mounted inside the first stage piston. During the first stage of operation, the two pistons move together to force the meat article through the article-loading chamber and into the stuffing horn. The second piston is then actuated to force the meat article through the stuffing horn and into the food casing. In order to prevent loss of liquid from the meat article during the stuffing operation, the two pistons are constructed so that they fit snugly inside the loading chamber and stuffing horn with minimum clearance and also are made to be substantially coextensive in the longitudinal direction with both the chamber and horn.

Abstract: Process for producing tool steel wherein a vandadium additive consisting essentially of chemically prepared, substantially pure V.sub.2 O.sub.3 is added to a molten steel having a carbon content above about 0.35 wt. % and containing silicon in an amount of from about 0.15 to about 3.0 wt. % and wherein a slag covering the molten steel contains CaO and SiO.sub.2 in a weight ratio (CaO/SiO.sub.2) which is equal to or greater than unity.

Abstract: A spent or scrap tungsten-containing, aluminosilicate catalyst material is blended with a silicate-containing, tungsten-bearing ore concentrate in amounts such that at least about 2.0% by weight of the total tungsten values in the mixture are present in the catalyst material, and then digested with an alkaline solution, e.g., sodium carbonate, under pressure and at an elevated temperature for a period of time sufficient to extract substantially all of the tungsten values from the mixture components. The presence of the catalyst material substantially suppresses the dissolution of silica in the leach liquor.

Abstract: In the fusion of vanadium pentoxide powder heat is generated in a melt of the powder by passing an electrical current along a current path in the melt and additional vanadium pentoxide powder is fed onto the surface of the melt. A furnace is used which has an overflow weir.

Abstract: Addition of vanadium to molten iron-base alloys using an agglomerated mixture of V.sub.2 O.sub.3 and calcium-bearing reducing agent. The mixture is added to the molten alloy by pneumatic injection with a carrier gas such as argon or nitrogen.

Abstract: A process is provided for extracting vanadium values from a vanadium-bearing ore in which a carbonaceous material is added to a salt roast mixture containing ore and an alkali metal salt, e.g., NaCl. The mixture is subjected to roast temperatures (e.g., 825.degree. C.) for a period of time sufficient to burn off substantially all of the carbon in the mixture. The carbonaceous material is preferably a vanadium-containing carbon source, e.g., residue from the combustion of heavy petroleum oil.

Abstract: A metal current carrier for use in fabricating thin electrochemical cell electrodes comprising a thin metal screen having disposed on one side a thin layer of coarse metal particles which at least partially fill the multiple openings in the metal screen and which are sintered to themselves and to the metal screen.

Abstract: An improved gas diffusion electrode is produced by coating the carbon particles of carbon black substantially uniformly with a sugar char prior to the activation of the carbon.

Abstract: A crysotile asbestos base material having an organo-silane outer coating bonded thereto.

Abstract: Hard facing of iron and iron base alloy substrates is disclosed using a hard facing material containing vanadium carbide and a flux composition containing nickel boron or calcium silicon. The nickel boron is used in amounts ranging from about 1 to 3% by weight of the mixture while the calcium silicon is used in amounts ranging from about 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of the mixture.