Abstract: A novel AC superconducting article comprising a composite structure having a superconducting surface along with a high thermally conductive material wherein the superconducting surface has the desired physical properties, geometrical shape and surface finish produced by the steps of depositing a superconducting layer upon a substrate having a predetermined surface finish and shape which conforms to that of the desired superconducting article, depositing a supporting layer of material on the superconducting layer and removing the substrate, the surface of the superconductor being a replica of the substrate surface.

Abstract: A metal inert gas welding torch having a wire guide assembly threadably secured at one end to a torch body and a collet nut assembly threadably secured to the other end of the wire guide assembly. A spidered collet is mounted in the collet nut assembly and forms a plenum chamber with the wire guide assembly and collet nut. A contact tip is gripped by the spidered collet and extends into the plenum chamber whereby the shielding gas cools the contact tip prior to the distribution of such gas into a nozzle.

Abstract: An electron beam welding machine incorporating a surface seal system which continuously seals the weld chamber located in an indexing table while such chamber is indexed beneath a seal plate carrying the surface seal material. As a result of the pressure differential involved, the seal surface also acts as a bearing surface as the wear plate on the indexing table moves in contact with the seal surface.

Abstract: An electric arc heated, high velocity, oxidizing gas jet is used to ignite pulverized coal as the coal is fed in an air stream through the coal burners in a conventional coal-fired, suspension type steam boiler.

Abstract: A touchwork system for use in conjunction with a MIG arc welding apparatus comprising a sensing circuit operating at very low output voltages, e.g. 6-8 volts, which senses the touch of the consumable wire electrode to the workpiece when the welding process is started. A control circuit energizes the welding contactor in response to a signal from the sensing circuit and turns on the power supply. At the same time, the control circuit starts the wire feeder motor and also the flow of shielding gas to the torch. A detector circuit detects the flow of welding current and feeds a signal to the control circuit to keep the welding contactor energized and the power supply in circuit and also to maintain operation of the wire feeder motor and the flow of shielding gas to the torch.

Abstract: A novel AC superconducting article comprising a composite structure having a superconducting surface along with a high thermally conductive material wherein the superconducting surface has the desired physical properties, geometrical shape and surface finish produced by the steps of depositing a superconducting layer upon a substrate having a predetermined surface finish and shape which conforms to that of the desired superconducting article, depositing a supporting layer of material on the superconducting layer and removing the substrate, the surface of the superconductor being a replica of the substrate surface.

Abstract: A system incorporating a photosensitive device and associated circuitry for scanning a line to be traced.

Abstract: A torch having a first non-constricting arc electrode disposed within the longitudinal bore of a second non-constricting arc electrode with the ac attachment end of the second arc electrode being annular in cross-section and extending a predetermined distance from the current transfer means for the first arc electrode. An arc is established from the arc attachment end of each arc electrode from at least one source of power. Both arcs are shielded in common with a single common shielding medium.

Abstract: A method of making flux-covered welding electrodes which are resistant to moisture absorption wherein untreated covered electrodes are treated with a dilute aqueous dispersion of at least one material taken from the class of silicon bearing materials consisting of colloidal amorphous solid silicas, quaternary ammonium colloidal silica sols and soluble silicates of lithium and potassium.

Abstract: An elongated hollow tube containing a freely movable ball is used to indicate and vary the ratio between gases to be mixed by passing each gas into a separate end of the tube. A critical pressure relationship is established between the applied gases at any given location relative to each oppposite end of the tube and between the gas pressures at such locations and the pressure on each side of the ball respectively. This relationship is established using pressure regulators on each side of the tube with at least one restricting orifice in one gas line.

Abstract: An oscillator control system for reciprocating a welding torch comprising a drive motor and an oscillator circuit for alternately varying the direction of rotation of the drive motor. The oscillator circuit includes DC reference means, means responsive to the rotation of the motor for providing an output signal which varies in DC potential from one polarity to the opposite polarity, means which responds to the difference between the reference signal and varying DC signal and switching means which reverses the polarity of the reference signal when the difference signal reverses polarity.

Abstract: A novel AC superconducting article comprising a composite structure having a superconducting surface along with a high thermally conductive material wherein the superconducting surface has the desired physical properties, geometrical shape and surface finish produced by the steps of depositing a superconducting layer upon a substrate having a predetermined surface finish and shape which conforms to that of the desired superconducting article, depositing a supporting layer of material on the superconducting layer and removing the substrate, the surface of the superconductor being a replica of the substrate surface.

Abstract: The flexible wire guide assembly of the torch is located between the torch body and the nozzle assembly and includes at least two layers of helically wound multi-strand conductor circumferentially arranged in concentric relation to form an annular passageway for a moving electrode. The layers are contained within an inner and outer extension spring which cooperate during the application of a bending force to restrain the layers from bulging inwardly or outwardly respectively. The outer spring is held in lateral compression with its turns spaced a predetermined distance apart.

Abstract: A sensor circuit coupled to an arc welding system and responsive to the arc welding voltage including an oscillator and means for varying the frequency thereof in response to the arc voltage, light emitting means responsive to the oscillator frequency, and detecting circuit means responsive to the light emitting means for providing a DC voltage proportional to the arc voltage.

Abstract: An improved vertical electroslag welding system wherein the driving motor which propels the molding shoes is controlled by varying its speed in response to electrode current thereby assuring a molten puddle which for any set speed will not rise over the cavity wall or become too fluid. The motor is remotely controlled so that the welding current is not directly coupled to the control circuit.

Abstract: The starting system includes circuit means which is responsive to the short circuit condition for maintaining the electrode feed rate at the inch setting for a predetermined period of time sufficient to enable an arc to firmly establish itself.

Abstract: Primary dry cell comprising a metal anode cup having a cathode mix therein and having an open end which is gas-tightly sealed by a closure including a vent, wherein a gas-venting passageway extends through the cathode mix into communication with the void space defined between the cathode mix and seal closure.