Abstract: Phosphorus compounds having at least one chlorine, bromine or iodine bonded directly to phosphorus are transhalogenated with fluorine by reaction with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride in an inert solvent, e.g., xylene, methylene chloride, in a manner such that said anhydrous hydrogen fluoride is added to said phosphorus compound at a rate such that said anhydrous hydrogen fluoride reacts with said phosphorus compound without the accumulation of an amount of unreacted anhydrous hydrogen fluoride which is sufficient to cause substantial decomposition of the desired fluorophosphorus product. A catalytic amount of a pyridine-type compound may optionally included in the reaction.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 1, 1991
Date of Patent:
August 4, 1992
Assignee:
Ethyl Corporation
Inventors:
Edward A. Burt, Lester P. J. Burton, Meng-Sheng Ao, Barbara C. Stahly
Abstract: Transparent soap bars are made by a process comprising mixing solid, non-hydroscopic trialkylamine oxide dihydrate with a fatty acid soap and other conventional ingredients such as triethanolamine, glycerine, water, perfume, and the like.
Abstract: Phosphorus compounds having at least one chlorine, bromine or iodine bonded directly to phosphorus are transhalogenated with fluorine by reaction with a fluoride salt, e.g., KF, or ammonium fluoride in the presence of a hydrogen halide salt of a pyridine-type nitrogen base, e.g., pyridine hydrochloride.
Abstract: Mono-ar-tert-butyl toluenediamine is selectively made by heating a mixture of toluenediamine and an aluminum halide of the formula R.sub.n AlX.sub.3-n or R.sub.3 Al.sub.2 X.sub.3 wherein n is 0, 1 or 2 and R is an alkyl containing 1-10 carbon atoms to 150.degree.-225.degree. C. and reacting the mixture with isobutylene at 500-300 psig until the yield of mono-ar-tert-butyl toluene is at or near maximum. Minor amounts of di-tert-butyl toluenediamines which form and are difficult to separate can then be lowered by venting the reaction and continuing to heat at about 130.degree.-200.degree. C. until the di-tert-butyl components are decreased to the desired level forming additional mono-ar-tert-butyl toluenediamine.
Abstract: Detergent bars suitable for use as toilet soaps are made by mixing an effective amount of a trialkylamine oxide dihydrate in a detergent bar formulation.
Abstract: Phosphorus compounds having at least one chlorine, bromine or iodine bonded directly to phosphorus are transhalogenated with fluorine by reaction with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride in an inert solvent, e.g., xylene, methylene chloride, in a manner such that said anhydrous hydrogen fluoride is added to said phosphorus compound at a rate such that said anhydrous hydrogen fluoride reacts with said phosphorus compound without the accumulation of an amount of unreacted anhydrous hydrogen fluoride which is sufficient to cause substantial decomposition of the desired fluorophosphorus product.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
March 5, 1990
Date of Patent:
September 17, 1991
Assignee:
Ethyl Corporation
Inventors:
Edward A. Burt, Lester P. J. Burton, Meng-Sheng Ao, Barbara C. Stahly
Abstract: Peroxygen laundry bleach (e.g. sodium perborate) is activated to be effective at a lower temperature by use in combination with a hydrocarbonyloxyhydrocarbyl trihydracarbyl quaternary ammonium salt, e.g. dodecyldimethyl 2-acetyloxyethylammonium bromide.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 8, 1986
Date of Patent:
September 10, 1991
Assignee:
Ethyl Corporation
Inventors:
Kim R. Smith, Joe D. Sauer, James E. Borland
Abstract: A bar soap composition which contains 5-95 weight percent of a fatty acid soap and a C.sub.8-20 alkyl dimethylamine oxide and sodium cocoyl isethionate in a weight ratio of 0.33-3.0:1.0 which results in synergistic improvement in the lime soap dispersancy of the composition.
Abstract: Alkenyl succinic anhydrides having a decreased amount of tar and color bodies are made by the reaction of an olefin with maleic anhydride in the presence of a tri-orthoalkylphenyl phosphite and optionally a hindered phenolic antioxidant such as 2,4,6-tri-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) mesitylene.
Abstract: High molecular weight phosphonitrillic chloride polymers that are soluble in benzene, toluene and tetrahydrofuran, tetrameric phosphonitrilic chloride, or mixtures thereof at elevated temperatures in the presence of a catalytic amount of an aprotic Lewis acid halogen acceptor. For example, soluble high molecular weight phosphonitrillic chloride can be made by heating the aforementioned trimer at 220.degree.-270.degree. C. in the presence of 5-1000 ppm of AlCl.sub.3.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 10, 1984
Date of Patent:
April 9, 1991
Assignee:
Ethyl Corporation
Inventors:
Charles H. Kolich, Bernard R. Meltsner, Henry G. Braxton, Jr.
Abstract: Mono- and di-lower alkylamines, e.g. methylamine or dimethylamine, are alkylated by reaction with C.sub.8-22 alcohol in the presence of hydrogen at a temperature of about 150.degree.-275.degree. C. in contact with a copper-zinc-alkaline earth metal base containing catalyst (e.g., CuO-ZnO-Ba(OH).sub.2) while removing water formed in the reaction.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 16, 1987
Date of Patent:
February 19, 1991
Assignee:
Ethyl Corporation
Inventors:
Pak Y. Fong, Kim R. Smith, Joe D. Sauer
Abstract: Alkylamines such as methylamine and dimethylamine react with alcohols and aldehydes at 150.degree.-275.degree. C. in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst initially consisting essentially of (1) a copper compound selected from copper carbonate, copper oxide, copper hydroxide or mixtures thereof, (2) a zinc compound selected from zinc carbonate, zinc oxide, zinc hydroxide or mixtures thereof and (3) a metal compound selected from carbonates, oxides and hydroxides of a Group IIA metal and mixtures thereof at least one of said copper compound and zinc compound being a carbonate. Conversions and yields are high and the amount of heavy by-product is low.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 19, 1988
Date of Patent:
February 19, 1991
Assignee:
Ethyl Corporation
Inventors:
Pak Y. Fong, Kim R. Smith, Joe D. Sauer
Abstract: 3,5-dialkyl-4-hydroxybenzyl-substituted benzene compounds are made by reacting 2,6-dialkyl-4-methoxymethyl phenols with a benzene compound having an unsubstituted nuclear position in an inert solvent and in the presence of sulfuric acid catalyst while distilling methanol by-product from the reaction mixture as it forms.
Abstract: Tert-amine oxides that are substantially free of nitrosamines are made by reacting a tert-amine, e.g., dodecyl dimethylamine, with aqueous hydrogen peroxide in the presence of the synergistic combination of (a) ascorbic acid and (b) a promoter formed from carbon dioxide.
Abstract: 3,5-dialkyl-4-hydroxybenzyl-substituted benzene compounds are made by reacting 2,6-dialkyl-4-methoxymethyl phenols with a benzene compound having an unsubstituted nuclear position in an inert solvent and in the presence of an organic sulfonic acid catalyst while distilling methanol by-product from the reaction mixture as it forms.
Abstract: BF.sub.3 is removed from a promoted BF.sub.3 catalyzed olefin oligomer reaction product by contacting the reaction product with either solid or aqueous KF to form a solid KBF.sub.4 precipitate. Solid NaF or NH.sub.4 F can also be used.
Abstract: A continuous process for the extraction of bromine from a bromide-rich brine in high efficiency while dramatically reducing the steam requirement for the distillation by operating a contact tower under vacuum. The contact tower is designed to operate near the boiling point of the feed brine so that only stripping steam is needed to remove elemental bromine from the brine.
Abstract: Vinyl-olefins are converted to vinylidene olefin dimers at a selectivity of at least 85 mole percent by reacting a mixture of dry vinyl-olefin containing 0.001-0.04 moles of trialkyl aluminum per mole of initial vinyl-olefin at a temperature in the range of about 100.degree.-140.degree. C. for a time sufficient to convert at least 80 mole percent of the initial vinyl-olefin to a different material.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 5, 1989
Date of Patent:
November 27, 1990
Assignee:
Ethyl Corporation
Inventors:
Kaung-Far Lin, Gunner E. Nelson, Carroll W. Lanier
Abstract: A process for accelerating the oxidation of tert-amines by hydrogen peroxide by conducting the reaction in the presence of an ascorbic acid promoter.
Abstract: A highly concentrated aqueous solution of a di-C.sub.6-20 alkyl methylamine oxide containing at least 50 weight percent of the amine oxide can be made without gel formation by reacting at least 40 weight percent aqueous hydrogen peroxide with a di-C.sub.6-20 alkyl methyl or ethylamine. These concentrated solutions offer large freight savings in shipping the amine oxides to remote locations.