Abstract: A graph of a network is created by efficiently modeling the network elements, and the network links and virtual trunks that interconnect these elements. The network elements are model as one or more routing nodes wherein each routing node represents part of an element or a set of one or more elements, and has the characteristic that any ingress and egress ports of the network element or network elements associated with the routing node can be interconnected. The network links and virtual trunks are both modeled as routing links, wherein routing links interconnect the routing nodes to create the graph of the network. The graph is subsequently used for determining routing paths through the network for the provisioning of virtual trunks and circuits.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and system for design and routing in telecommunications networks having transparent elements such as photonic switches. Transparent optical networks transmit signals optically, performing both switching and amplification photonically. As a result, transparent networks may be more economical than conventional “opaque” optical networks that convert signals to electronic form at each network node because they do not require as much equipment for performing optical-electrical conversion. However, transparent networks pose new operational challenges. Physical-layer impairments that are repaired by optical-electrical-optical (OEO) regeneration can accumulate along (transparent) connection paths. To effectively deploy and utilize transparency, mechanisms to assure that impairment-feasible paths exist and can be identified in the network are required.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for wireless communications using base stations interconnected by a packet network. A base station receives communications from a wireless device in a first cell served by the base station. The wireless device may be handed off from the first base station to a second base station by a two way exchange of information between the first base station and a second base station through the packet network.

Abstract: Telecommunications service providers are increasingly relying on third party applications developed in accordance with industry standard application programming interfaces (API's). In order to decouple the connection between the standard API's and the telecommunications network, the present invention creates a translation layer or open services gateway (OSG). The open services gateway enables an application written to conform to an industry standard API to be used despite changes in the underlying network. The OSG encapsulates the commands from the API's in a TCP/IP packet which is formatted in accordance with a generic data interface specification for an intelligent network services control point. In this manner there is no hard-coded coupling between open standard API's and the telecommunications network. Additionally, the intelligent network services control point can perform important interference monitoring functions.

Abstract: In a next generation packet based network a routing engine is used to determine the most cost effective route for a call from a caller/client subscriber to a call destination. The service manager or call agent softswitch, a call processor that controls the processing of calls, uses a table of softswitch node location information to determine the softswitch node in the service provider's network that is closest to the call destination. The location information related to the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) is also used to make this determination by providing the necessary location information on the call destination. The service manager the first receives the call then forwards the call through the packet backbone network of the service provider to the identified closest softswitch thereby reducing the need for use of the PSTN or another service provider's network.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a mobility management protocol for supporting real-time and non-real-time multimedia applications on mobile stations of third generation internet protocol (3G-IP) networks. The present invention utilizes as well as extends the session initiation protocol (SIP) to provide for domain hand-off (i.e., roaming) and subnet hand-off (i.e., macro-mobility) so that users can access the network from any location using their own mobile station as they roam across different 3G-IP networks. The present invention supports mobile transmission control protocol (TCP) applications without modifying TCP.

Abstract: An approximate message authentication code (AMAC) which, like conventional message authentication codes, provides absolute authentication of the origin of the message, yet provides an approximate integrity check for the content of the message. The approximate integrity check will be computed probabilistically and will likely be the same for messages having only a small percentage of different bits. A distance measure on the AMACs, such as a Hamming distance measure, may be used to determine whether the number of bit differences between the messages is likely to be within an acceptable amount. The AMAC is a probabilistic checksum based on a shared key. The AMAC uses the message and a shared key as inputs. Optionally, an initial value may also be used as an input. In one version of the invention, the data in the message M are permuted and arranged (physically or logically) into a table having |A| bits in each column and T2 rows, where T is may be an odd integer.

Abstract: A method for distributing and conditioning IP traffic for mobile networks based on differentiated services, wherein edge/border routers are only required to maintain QoS profiles for related mobile stations. A new IP address or a new service level subscription or service level agreement of an mobile station is only sent to related edge/border routers. As a result, unnecessary IP traffic is significantly reduced. The routers in accordance with methods of the invention disregard the contents of an IP payload and therefore all of the IP addresses that a mobile station may posse. A mobile station is permitted to enter into a domain and obtain a desired quality of service (e.g., Gold or Standard service) without the need to maintain the service while moving through the domain.

Abstract: The use of latent semantic indexing (LSI) for information retrieval and text mining operations is adapted to work on large heterogeneous data sets by first partitioning the data set into a number of smaller partitions having similar concept domains. A similarity graph network is generated in order to expose links between concept domains which are then exploited in determing which domains to query as well as in expanding the query vector. LSI is performed on those partitioned data sets most likely to contain information related to the user query or text mining operation. In this manner LSI can be applied to datasets that heretofore presented scalability problems. Additionally, the computation of the singular value decomposition of the term-by-document matrix can be accomplished at various distributed computers increasing the robustness of the retrieval and text mining system while decreasing search times.

Abstract: An arrangement including a scannable matrix for predicting the occurrence of a future collision of frequency hops of the channel hopping patterns on the respective activated first paths of a Bluetooth packet transmission system is described. A first coordinate of the matrix defines columns representative of a selectable window of N successive future time slots of the channel hopping patterns, and a second coordinate of the matrix defines rows each exhibiting the successive frequency hops of the patterns segments transmitted on a separate one of the activated channels during such window. The first coordinate is scanned to detect the occurrence, if any, of identical frequency hops appearing at an intersection of the then-scanned column and at least a pair of the rows.

Abstract: A telephone subscriber having both a wireline and a cellular telephone can switch calls between these phones. A routing table identifies that a subscriber is entitled to this service, and a look up table maintains the telephone numbers of the two different telephones. Upon detection of a unique signal indicating a request for switching a call connected to one of the telephones to the other telephone, a connection is made to the other telephone, the two connections are bridged, and then the first connection is dropped. The routing table may be maintained in a central office and the look up table may be maintained in a mobile switching center or a fixed cellular mobility agent.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for determining inter-region and intra-region traffic in one or more networks. To determine the network traffic flowing between a first region and a second region, one or more routers in the first and second regions are identified along with their respective links connecting the routers in the first region to those in second region. A processor located remotely from the routers in the first and second regions then determines discrete used bandwidth samples of the identified links over a period of time. Based on the used bandwidth samples, the processor determines the network traffic flowing between the first and second regions. To determine the network traffic within a region, a sample of hosts each including one or more web servers in the region are selected. The processor identifies the last pairs of identifiable routers on respective routes from the processor to the sample hosts and the respective links connecting the identified last pairs of routers.

Abstract: A method for placing equipment in a network begins with a baseline network on which demographic data is analyzed statistically to produce a demographically-driven driven demand forecast model. The demand forecast model yields a predicted demand for each census block group. This can be visualized as one map layer with a GIS. The layout method takes the predicted demands as input and produces new attribute information for network nodes, the central office and cross-connects. By the layout method the cost of placing equipment at available placement sites or nodes is minimized based on various constraints, e.g., the capacity of the equipment to be placed, the distance a user is located from a potential node. Once the minimum cost for a given set of placement sites, subscribers, equipment capacity, and other known constraints is determined the equipment are then placed at these sites. These include the number and type of DSLAMs assigned to each node.

Abstract: A technique for assigning an address (“shadow address”) to a mobile station that is compatible with the layer-2 address on the wireline network which serves the mobile station. The shadow address is then used as a wireline identifier for the destination address for frames ultimately destined for the mobile station. The shadow address is stored in a watch list for serving base stations, and any base station receiving a frame with a shadow address in its watch list process the frame to forward it the to mobile station. In this way, the shadow address facilitates carrying out soft handoff and smooth handoff.

Abstract: The transmission of unnecessary assignment and validation information to mobile terminals in wireless IP networks is automatically blocked. Assignment and validation information originating with a mobile terminal is discarded by a base station if the information is not directly received by the base station from a mobile terminal. Assignment and validation information originating with an IP address server is broadcast only to those mobile terminals awaiting assignment or validation information using a local broadcast IP address. The validation and assignment is automatically begun once a mobile terminal enters a new subnet by resetting the mobile terminal's IP address to the broadcast address for assignment and validation requests and then broadcasting validation and, if necessary, assignment requests to the wireless IP network.

Abstract: A Virtual Soft-Hand-off method for wireless IP-centric CDMA networks whose routers, hosts, and mobile stations have small group multicast (SGM) capability comprises setting up an explicit synchronous multicast session among a small group of participants with dynamic group membership. Packets transmitted over the multicast session are time stamped to help maintain synchronization, and the receivers recover multiple packet flows from the multiple received signals concurrently and combine them to create a single packet flow at higher layers.

Abstract: An efficient method and apparatus for rapidly and flexibly setting, on a remote basis, the value of a selected IP parameter(s) in each of a plurality of networked computing devices within a local proximity to support transmission using the IP protocol. In an illustrative embodiment wherein each device is connectable to a common backbone network, each device is also provided with an interface that supports radio transmission using Bluetooth protocols. The desired setting of the selected IP parameter for each device is implemented by means of a prescribed sequence of suitable Bluetooth messages transmitted by a common remote Bluetooth terminal.

Abstract: A technique for assigning an address (“shadow address”) to a mobile station that is compatible with the layer-2 address on the wireline network which serves the mobile station. The shadow address is then used as a wireline identifier for the destination address for frames ultimately destined for the mobile station. The shadow address is stored in a watch list for serving base stations, and any base station receiving a frame with a shadow address in its watch list process the frame to forward it the to mobile station. In this way, the shadow address facilitates carrying out soft handoff and smooth handoff.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for determining the geographical regions of hosts in a network. A plurality of sample hosts in the network are preselected. The sample hosts are preselected such that they are located in a plurality of geographical regions that are determinable using existing methods and systems or other means. A plurality of monitoring stations are provided in the network to determine first sets of information associated with each of the sample hosts and second sets of information associated with a host whose geographical region is to be determined. The geographical region of the host is then determined to be the same as the geographical region of those sample hosts whose respective mean of first sets of information has the shortest weighted vector (or euclidian) distance from the second sets of information.

Abstract: A technique for physically implementing a network of nodes in a virtual private network. To physically set-up all required connections in the network, a heuristic link selection algorithm is devised to systematically and efficiently determine interconnection links that realize the virtual private network subject to service level agreement requirements.