Abstract: A document size detection device comprising an illuminating unit for irradiating a first light on a document on a platen; a projecting unit for projecting the first light reflected on the document onto a photosensitive member; a document cover for covering the document on the platen, the cover having a reflecting area for reflecting the first light from the illuminating unit and a non-reflecting area for transmitting the above light; a document detection sensor provided at a position corresponding to the non-reflecting area and comprising a light emitting element and a light receiving element; and a filter for transmitting a second light from the light emitting element as well as guiding the first light from the illuminating unit to the projecting unit, the filter unit being opposed to a detecting surface of the sensor.

Abstract: A microfilm projection apparatus is disclosed which is usable for a plurality of zoom lenses having different magnification ranges from each other. In the zoom lenses attached, the zoom lens selected from the plurality of zoom lenses to be used is identified. A plurality of specific magnifications corresponding to each zoom lens are memorized. When the zoom lens is set in place, the specific memorized magnifications corresponding to the selected zoom lens are indicated. The magnification of the zoom lens is set to the desired magnification designated from the specific magnifications.

Abstract: A disc cartridge capable of permitting upper and lower shutter plates of a shutter to be substantially uniformly contacted with upper and lower surface portions of a slide area section defined on a casing to ensure satisfactory operation of the disc cartridge with high reliability. In the disc cartridge, the upper and lower surface portions of the slide area section are obliquely formed in such a manner that a distance between the upper surface portion and the lower surface portion is reduced toward a distal opening of the shutter fitted on the slide area section.

Abstract: A camera having zoom lenses of a photographing optical system, zoom lenses of a viewfinder optical system, and a driving motor for driving both zoom lenses. A transmitting mechanism for transmitting the force of the driving motor to the zoom lenses of the viewfinder optical system having a gear train connected to the driving motor and a rotation cam which is provided coaxially with the last gear of the gear train to drive the zoom lenses of the viewfinder lens. A key projects from the end of the periphery of a rotation shaft included in the cam. The last gear is mounted around an end of the rotation shaft of the cam and has a key groove engaging the key. A play is provided between the key groove and the key.

Abstract: An interference filter for use in a copying machine comprises a glass substrate and a plurality of high-refractive index and low-refractive index layers alternately superposed on the substrate for reducing ripples at opposite sides of the reflective range. The first and second layers counted from the substrate have a greater optical layer thickness than .lambda.o/2. The third and fourth layers have a greater optical layer thickness than .lambda.o/4. The second top layer has a greater optical layer thickness than .lambda.o/2. The top layer has a smaller optical layer thickness than .lambda.o/4. The remaining layers have an optical layer thickness equal to .lambda.o/4.

Abstract: A net for grassing obtained by knitting and weaving wefts having an appointed width in a texture less than said width by means of a large number of warps and having mountain portions and valley portions randomly formed on a right side and a reverse side thereof.Earth and sand and sprayed materials can be prevented from being washed away in the first stage of the protective construction for a face of slope.

Abstract: An improved reference electrode assembly is provided to solve blockage problems that can occur upon contamination of the internal solution in a housing member. An absorbent means can be provided for removing silver ions through the reaction of an alkali metal ion with a tetraphenylborate ion to produce a compound larger than that of a silver ion and a tetraphenylborate ion. The absorbent material can, for example, be a porous activated carbon or a silica gel, and can be positioned between the internal electrode of the reference electrode assembly and the liquid junction.

Abstract: A plurality of index members are arranged at desired positions on an end portion of a platen glass, the members being movable in a scanning direction of a scanner. A black mark is provided on a rear surface of each index member, and the mark as well as the original are read by an image reader, so that the positions of the index members can be detected. When one of the index members is detected as the scanner is moved, the image signals of the original included in the scanning region of the scanner are not outputted until the next index member is detected. In this manner, by continuously outputting image signals only of the desired areas of the original, the column skip edition can be readily and surely carried out.

Abstract: A high-voltage through-type ceramic capacitor which is capable of exhibiting satisfactory heat resistance sufficient to ensure good operability of the capacitor even under severe conditions and being positively small-sized while ensuring its satisfactory operation. In the capacitor, at least one of an insulation case and an insulation cover is made of a material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate and nylon 66. The capacitor further includes a pair of central conductors each including a fastening tab arranged in the insulation case, and the insulation case is formed at an upper portion thereof surrounding the fastening tabs into an upper enlarged section.

Abstract: A printed circuit board is plated through the steps of providing a printed circuit board, covering at least a predetermined portion to be plated of the printed circuit board with a mask, sealing tightly the periphery of the concavity by sandwiching a sealing material between the mask and the circuit board, providing an electric contact piece, filling up the space with plating solution, connecting the electric contact piece to a power supply, and supplying a plating electric current to the predetermined portion to be plated of the printed circuit board.

Abstract: A device for measuring convergence of a color CRT periodically generating a test pattern in a predetermined portion of a screen of the color CRT including signal output means for outputting a signal corresponding to glow timing of the test pattern generated on the screen, image pickup means for picking up the test pattern on the screen to output an image signal, control means responsive to output of the signal output means for controlling the image pickup means so as to output the image signal during the time that the test pattern is not generated in the predetermined portion of the screen, and calculation means for calculating a convergence assessment value of the color CRT based on the image signal.

Abstract: A device for measuring convergence of color cathode ray tube including means for producing a white measurement pattern on a viewing screen of the color cathode ray tube, a color image pickup device for picking up the white measurement pattern on the viewing screen, a memory unit for storing color signals transmitted from the color image pickup device, a discrimination unit for discriminating which of blue, green, and red phosphors glows every picture elements of the color image pickup device based on signals from adjacent picture elements, and a calculation unit for a finding out a misconvergence from discriminated results assures an accurate convergence measurement by one time of image pickup only.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus that is capable of providing various copy ratios includes an original table that can receive an original document from an image carrier. The original is then illuminated, and a focusing lens system is capable of focusing reflected light from the original document onto a photosensitive member. The focusing lens system is movable. A drive assembly can cause relative movement of the original and a light system for illuminating the original, while a second drive member can vary the distance from the original to the focusing lens system whereby the image stays within the fixed focal length of the optical system while accommodating the speed necessary for a specified copy ratio.

Abstract: An enlarger for use in photography capable of printing a color copy from a color original film includes a light source for generating a plurality of primary colors and a microcomputer for controlling the light source. The microcomputer has various functions which are: for providing a plurality of exposure data corresponding to a plurality of primary colors; for designating at least one of the primary colors; for altering the exposure data corresponding to the designated primary color; for displaying an information relating to the exposure data to be altered; for indicating the direction of change in tone of the color copy caused by altering the exposure data; for selecting the type of the original film; and for controlling the relation between the direction of change in tone of the color copy as indicated and the direction of change in the exposure data as displayed in response to the selected type of original film.

Abstract: Disclosed is a magnetic top running toy wherein a spinning top is run along a running path. The magnetic top running toy includes a top having a magnetic shaft and a running path having a magnetic attraction wall adapted to contact with the magnetic shaft of the top when the top runs along the running path. The running path is constructed as a reciprocative running path permitting the top to turn at both ends thereof. A starting station and a jumping station are attached to the running path. The starting station has a guide surface for guiding the top onto the running path. The jumping station is adapted to allow the top guided from the running path to fly therefrom while keeping the top to spin.

Abstract: In a focus condition detecting device of the type in which a pair of re-imaging lenses together with a condenser lens form a pair of re-images of an object image on a line sensor such that the distance between the corresponding points of the re-images on the line-sensor varies with the focus condition of a camera objective lens forming the objective image, the line sensor is located in front of a plane conjugate with a predetermined focal plane of the camera objective lens with respect to the condenser lens and the re-imaging lenses, so that the distance between the corresponding points of the first and second re-images on the line-sensor can be detected with resolution higher than one pitch length of the photocells of the line sensor.

Abstract: A dioramatic running toy including a running member and a dioramatic panel removably attached to the running member so as to enable the dioramatic panel to run with the running member. The present invention further relates to a dioramatic running toy assembly including a plurality of dioramatic running toys capable of running in combination.

Abstract: An automatic focus control system provided with a backlash correcting arrangement, which is free from influences arising from a backlash or play in a transmission system, and capable of quickly effecting the automatic focus control at a high accuracy.

Abstract: A system in process for producing an improved plastic molded optical element such as a mirror or lens is provided. The molded optical body has at least a surface portion designed for effective interfacing with incident light by reflection or refraction. Discontinuities form reference points at fixed positions on the molded optical surface. The reference points can include a projection or recess formed at the center of the lens system on the optical axis having a sufficient magnitude in size for measurement to determine a spatial position of the optical element but limited in size to prevent any perceptible aberration to be introduced within the desired application of the optical element.