Abstract: An improved cooling medium for use in a thermal energy storage system is disclosed. The cooling medium comprises water, 1-fluoro-1,1-dichloroethane (HCFC-141b), as the guest molecule and a surfactant selected from the group consisting of DRSC.RTM., EMPHOS PS-21A.RTM., MAPHOS L13.RTM., or MAZEEN C-Z.RTM., POE(2) COCOAMINE. It has been found that any of the above surfactants, and preferably DRSC.RTM. and EMPHOS PS-21A.RTM. encourage clathrate formation at surfactant concentrations far below 300 ppm. Clathrate formation, and the overall efficiency of the thermal energy storage system is increased when the cooling medium of the present invention is used.
Abstract: The present invention is a method of recovery of base from material comprising base or acid and salt. The method is conducted in an apparatus comprising a cation membrane between two bipolar membranes.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 15, 1990
Date of Patent:
August 4, 1992
Assignee:
Allied-Signal Inc.
Inventors:
Krishnamurthy N. Mani, Frederick P. Chlanda, Yu-Chih Chiao