Abstract: There is described a novel process for producing 1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]-quinolin-4-one (4-lilolidone), usable as fungicide and corresponding to the formula ##STR1## as well as novel 5-halo-1,2,3-(1,2-dihydropyrrolo)-4-quinolones of the formula ##STR2## in which "Hal" is chlorine or bromine, which are formed as intermediates during the process.

Abstract: A modified novel process for preparing cyclopropylamine from .gamma.-butyrolactone is described. The .gamma.-butyrolactone ring is cleaved with a hydrohalide in the presence of a novel catalyst comprising an aqueous sulfuric acid solution. The 4-chlorobutyric acid, thus formed is converted into a hindered chlorobutyrate ester. The hindered ester based on secondary and tertiary alkanols of eight or less carbon atoms, is cyclized to form the hindered cyclopropanecarboxylate ester by a novel reaction medium consisting of solid caustic in a water-immiscible solvent and a phase transfer catalyst. The hindered cyclopropanecarboxylate ester is ammoniated to form cyclopropanecarboxamide by a novel catalyst comprising an alkali metal salt of a polyol having hydroxy groups on adjacent carbons. The carboxamide formed in substantially quantitative yields is converted to cyclopropylamine by a modified Hofmann reaction utilizing continuous degradation of the intermediate with simultaneous distillation.

Abstract: There is described a process for producing N-chlorosulfenyl compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is alkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl or 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-yloxycarbonyl, and R.sub.2 is alkyl or alkoxycarbonylalkyl, which process is based on the reaction of an amino compound of the formula ##STR2## with sulfur dichloride. The essential feature of the process is that the reaction of the amino compound of the above formula with the sulfur dichloride is performed in excess sulfur dichloride as solvent and in the absence of a base. The formed N-chlorosulfenyl compounds of the above formula are intermediates for insecticidal and acaricidal active substances.

Abstract: 1,2-Benzoxathiine derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## wherein Hal is chlorine, bromine or iodine,R is hydrogen, halogen, nitro, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkyl, cyano or a --X--R.sup.1, --CO--X--R.sup.2, --CO--NR.sup.3 R.sup.4, --SO--R.sup.5 or --SO.sub.2 --R.sup.6 group, whereR.sup.1 is C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 alkynyl, or is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted by halogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, or is C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted by halogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy,R.sup.2 and R.sup.5 are each independently of the other C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl,-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkoxyalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 alkenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 alkynyl, phenyl or benzyl,R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently of the other hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkoxyalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 alkenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 alkynyl, phenyl or benzyl, R.sup.6 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, C.sub.

Abstract: A new process for the preparation of HO-EDTA.FE (5% Fe) is disclosed. It is based on the oxidation of Fe.degree. by nitric acid in the presence of HO-EDTA Na.sub.3 to generate the chelate in the Fe.sup.+2 state. The Fe.sup.+2 chelate is then converted to the desired Fe.sup.+3 chelate by air oxidation.

Abstract: 1-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-pentyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole can be produced, in a novel, simple, economical and isomer-free form, by reacting 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-valeronitrile, in the presence of hydrogen, an acid and a hydrogenation catalyst, with a compound H.sub.2 N--NH--R to a compound of the formula ##STR1## hydrogenating the compound (III) catalytically to a compound ##STR2## hydrolysing compounds (IV) wherein R is not hydrogen, and converting the compounds (IV) wherein R=H, or salts thereof, with formamide and/or [3-(dimethylamino)-2-azaprop-2-en-1-ylidene]-dimethylammonium chloride, into 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-pentyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole, or converting compounds (IV) wherein R=--COR', with aqueous formic acid, into the corresponding N,N'-bisformyl derivatives, and reacting these with formamide, optionally in the presence of NH.sub.3, to 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-pentyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole. R in the formulae is hydrogen, --CHO, --COR', --COOR' or --CONH.sub.2, and R' is C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: There is described a novel process for producing 1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-4H-pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]-quinolin-4-one (4-lilolidone), usable as fungicide and corresponding to the formula ##STR1##

Abstract: A novel process for producing fluoroalkoxyaminopyrimidines of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or benzyl, X is halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylamino or di-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylamino, and T is hydrogen, chlorofluoromethyl, bromofluoromethyl, difluoromethyl or 1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl, characterized in that a thiopyrimidine of the formula II ##STR2## wherein Y has the meaning given for X under the formula I or is hydroxyl, A is hydrogen, sodium, potassium or an equivalent of calcium or magnesium, and Q is C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: The novel process for producing N-phosphonomethylglycine comprises reacting aminomethanephosphonic acid with glyoxal, in an aqueous medium, in the presence of sulfur dioxide. The active substance obtained is a herbicide having a very wide spectrum of activity.

Abstract: There is described a process for producing sulfonylureas of the formula ##STR1## wherein G is an unsubstituted or substituted furanyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, pyridinyl or phenyl radical,X is alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, halogen, haloalkoxy, alkylamino or dialkylamino,Y is alkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy,Z is a nitrogen atom or the methyne group --CH.dbd..This novel process comprises reacting a sulfonamide of the formulaG--SO.sub.2 --NH.sub.2,in the presence of a base, with a chloroformic acid ester of the formulaCl--CO--Q--T,or a sulfonyl chloride of the formulaG--SO.sub.2 Cl,in the presence of a base, with a urethane of the formulaH.sub.2 N--CO--Q--T;and converting the formed carbamate of the formulaG--SO.sub.2 --NH--CO--Q--Tby reaction with an amine of the formula ##STR2## into the sulfonylurea of the above formula. There is also described novel sulfonylcarbamates of the above formula as intermediates.

Abstract: Liquid concentrate of Direct Yellow 11 based on the crown ether complexes of tetrasodium direct yellow 11, are described as well as these novel soluble chelates of insoluble tetrasodium complexes of Direct Yellow 11.

Abstract: A process is described for the production of 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-hydroxypyrimidine (oxypyrimidine) by reacting isopropylamidine in an alkaline lower alkanol solvent system with an alkyl acetoacetate to close the ring and form the oxypyrimidine in a continuous flow multi-stage reactor (MSR) under controlled multi-stage conditions whereby the reactants contact each other in each of said stages under conditions which reduce the possibility of the formation of unwanted reaction products from said reactants in said solvent system.

Abstract: A process is described for purifying the bacteriostat 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenylether prepared by the diazotization of 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-aminodiphenylether from the 2,4,8-trichlorodibenzofuran and associated nonphenolics which form. A selective solvent extraction for these non-phenolics consisting of tetrachlorethylene is used after neutralization of the hydrolyzed diazo product.

Abstract: The novel process for producing N-phosphonomethylglycine comprises reacting aminomethanephosphonic acid with glyoxal, in an aqueous medium, in the presence of sulfur dioxide. The active substance obtained is a herbicide having a very wide spectrum of activity.

Abstract: There is described a continuous process for producing 1,2-alkanediols of the formula ##STR1## in which R is an alkyl group having 3-6 carbon atoms, by reaction of a 1-alkene of the formulaR--CH.dbd.CH.sub.2in which R is as defined above, with formic acid and hydrogen peroxide, and subsequent saponification of the formed alkanediol monoformate, which process is performed in several consecutive reaction stages.The 1,2-alkanediols of the above formula obtainable by the process are intermediates for the production of pesticides.

Abstract: Chloropyridines of the formula ##STR1## wherein either R is chlorine and R' is methyl or trifluoromethyl, or R is methyl, trichloromethyl or trifluoromethyl and R' is chlorine, or R and R' are methyl, can be obtained by a novel, simple process by the addition of trichloroacetaldehyde to methacrylonitrile or .alpha.-trifluoromethacrylonitrile, 2,2-dichloropropionaldehyde, pentachloropropionaldehyde or 2,2-dichloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropionaldehyde to acrylonitrile, or 2,2-dichloropropionaldehyde to methacrylonitrile, in the presence of a catalyst, in particular copper powder or copper(I) chloride, and cyclizing the open-chain intermediate obtained.The chloropyridines of the formula (I) are known per se and are suitable for the production of different compounds, in particular of insecticides and herbicides.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a stable aqueous solution of the tetrasodium salt of 4,4'-bis(4-p-sulfo-anilino-6-diisopropanolamino-s-triazin-2-ylamino)-2,2'- stilbenedisulfonic acid is disclosed. The resultant solution is substantially free from destabilizing organic impurities and destabilizing inorganic salts. In the absence of these destabilizing materials the solution does not require the co-solvents of the prior art.

Abstract: An improved synthesis of the bacteriostat 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenylether is disclosed wherein the hydrolysis after diazotization is carried out at 175.degree.-180.degree. C. to increase the yield and reaction rate. The hydrolyzed product is distilled after neutralization to remove the major portion of undesirable colored products and phenolics. The distillate is then extracted with tetrachlorethylene to separate the product from non-phenolic by-products including the 25-28% 2,4,8-trichlorodibenzofuran which are present. The final product of the process then meets F.D.A. and commercial standards for use in soaps and cosmetics.

Abstract: Chlorosulfonyl urea compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 -alkylthio, methoxymethyl, methoxyethyl, CF.sub.3 or chlorine, andY is C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 -alkylthio, methoxymethyl or methoxyethyl.

Abstract: A new process for the production of O,O-dialkylphosphorodithioates of the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents methyl or ethyl, and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are identical or different, and each represent an alkyl, alkenyl or alkoxyalkyl group having in each case at most 5 carbon atoms is disclosed. The process comprises reacting an essentially equimolar mixture of a piperidine of the formula ##STR2## and a free O,O-dialkyldithiophosphoric acid of the formula ##STR3## or a sodium, potassium or ammonium salt thereof, in the presence of an acid binding agent, with chloroacetylchloride.