Abstract: The invention relates to hydrolyzable fluorinate silanes, methods of their roduction and of their use for producing silicic acid polycondensates and hetero silicic acid polycondensats The silanes in accordance with the invention are of the general formula: {[R'-(Y).sub.e ].sub.c+1 (C.sub.6 F.sub.4-c) (C.sub.6 F.sub.4).sub.d }.sub.f SiR.sub.a X.sub.b (I) in which the groups and indices are identical or different and have the following meaning:R=alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkylaryl or arylalkyl, substituted if required, each with 1 to 15 carbon atoms, whereby the groups may be interrupted by oxygen or sulfur atoms, ester, carbonyl, amide or amino groups;R'=I, Br, Cl (if d.noteq.0), F (if d.noteq.0), H (if X.noteq.H or R.noteq.methyl or e=1) or an organic group with 1 to 50 carbon atoms;X=hydrogen, halogen except fluorine, hydroxy, alkoxy, acyloxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl or NR".sub.

Abstract: A method of making porous ceramics of lead titanate (PT) or lead zirconate PZT) of a Pb(Zr.sub.x Ti.sub.1-x) O.sub.3 compound from a gel made by mixing at least 2.5 equivalents of water based on the compound with a solution prepared from a polar solvent having complexing and chelating properties, one or more Pb(II) and PB(IV) carboxylates and at least one compound including titanium and zirconium of the general formula M(OR).sub.4 where M is titanium or zirconium and R is similar or different groups representing at least one of a straight chain, cross-linked and cyclic alkyl and alkenyl group with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, aging the resulting gel beyond its gel point, replacing the solvent in the pores of the gel by a chelating solvent, drying the resulting gel under supercritical conditions and tempering the resulting aerogel.

Abstract: A construction compound of the kind including a hydraulic binder such as cement and natural bast fibers of a length of between 1 and 50 mm in a concentration of from about 0.3 to about 3.0 kg of fibers per cubic meter of compound, said fibers being derived from fully ripened plants including hemp, flax, kenaf and nettle.

Abstract: A meat diminution and emulsifying apparatus comprising a housing having a plurality of interconnected chambers for rotatably receiving feed screws and rotary cutter assemblies therein, said feed screws and cutter assemblies being sequentially arranged and being provided intermediated two sets of rotary cutter assemblies with a chamber within which meat may be mixed and kneaded and provided with spices and other additives. The sequentially arranged cutter assemblies provide for progressively finer chopping of meat. A filler is provided at an output of the final cutter assembly for feeding chopped product into casings, and a conduit is provided between the output of the final cutter assembly and a feed screw ahead of it for recirculating meat for repeated chopping.

Abstract: A loudspeaker box for faithfully reproducing stereophonic sound. The box is divided into at least two chambers hermetically sealed from each other and provided with loudspeakers for propagating sound in directions substantially orthogonal of each other. The speakers may be alike or different and they may be controlled independently of each other in respect of their relative output volumes or frequencies.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing gristle and the like from meat during a chopping operation in a feed screw apparatus having at least one axially perforated disc with a rotary bearing for receiving the hub of a rotary knife. A channel extends radially through the disc from the rotary bearing to the outside of the apparatus for discharging the gristle fed into it by the rotary movement of the knife arm extending from a hub journalled in the rotary bearing into engagement with a planar surface of the disc.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a particle board from ligno-cellulose containing ticles and an organic binder material, including initially forming a web of binder material coated particles, spraying of predetermined quantities of water on the surfaces of the web, compressing the web to a first thickness between heated press platens, increasing the spacing between the press platens to a dimension greater than the first thickness and rapidly raising the temperature in the center of the web by more than 15.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a wavelength converter for converting a first light signal used for data transmission and having a first wavelength (.lambda..sub.in) into a second light signal having a second wavelength (.lambda..sub.out). The wavelength converter signal comprises a signal input for picking up the first light signal, a signal output for emitting the second light signal, a modulatable optical semiconductor amplifier (4) with an input, an output and modulation input and a first laser light source (L1), which forms a first stage with the semiconductor amplifier (4). The input of the semiconductor amplifier (4) is connected to the first laser light source (L1) and the modulation input of the semiconductor amplifier (4) is connected to the signal input for cross amplification modulation. The first laser light source (L1) emits light with a third wavelength (.lambda..sub.int).

Abstract: The invention relates to an automotive vehicle with a torsion bar suspension for wheels mounted at one end of a road arm the other end of which is permanently connected to one end of each of a pair of concentrically mounted internal and external torsion bars, the internal torsion bar being at its other end secured against rotation in an anchor block at the side of the vehicle opposite from the road arm and the other end of the external torsion bar being rotatable on the anchoring block and provided with a radially extending arm cooperating with an abutment the position of which is adjustable.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for marking entrance and exit opening sites in opposite surfaces of a wall member of a perforation to extend therethrough and is provided, at one surface at a site corresponding to one of the entrance and exit openings with a wave signal transmitter and, at the other surface with a wave signal receiver responding to transmitted signals by rendering an indication of a maximum strength wave signal as a function of the location of the other of the entrance and exit opening. In a preferred embodiment, the receiver is mounted on a drill or the like at a predetermined distance from the axis thereof and the transmitter is provided with a cantilever provided with a marker spaced from the transmitter at a distance corresponding to the predetermined distance.

Abstract: Proposed is a spraying-tool head (1), for use in particular in foundries, which has a distribution plate (9) fitted to an adapter (7) and, screwed onto the distribution plate, a nozzle plate (11) equipped with spray nozzles (4). The adapter as well as the distribution plate and the nozzle plate can be extended by adding screw-on or insertable modules.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, a multi-compact-sensor is provided with a sensor support for receiving different and exchangeable sensors, brackets and supports for assembly into existing and/or new processing machines at a ascending angle, a board which contains the evaluation circuitry and elements for connection with the sensors as well as, depending on intended use and objects to be tested, an exchangeable cover. The combining of a plurality of individual components, the inventive exchangeability of different sensors, the versatility of the possibilities of use and the handling of the sensors and evaluation electronics into a component of compact structure justify calling the inventive device a multi-compact-sensor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a solder bump for flip-chip assembly and consist of a core containing a high proportion of a soft and electrically well conducting metal, particularly gold, and a diffusion barrier layer deposited on the solder bump core. As is known, the diffusion barrier layer functions to prevent intermetallic compounds between the gold of the solder bump core and the solder material, especially tin-lead solder material, which would otherwise reduce the mechanical stability of the solder connection. A pre-treatment with a cleaning solvent or in a nucleation bath has hitherto been necessary. to provide a good bond between the diffusion barrier layer, usually nickel, and the solder bump core. With the invention, this pretreatment process step is no longer necessary, since small amounts of a material are added to the solder bump core which acts as a nucleation material for the diffusion barrier layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a curling stone known wherein a support shell provided with one of more openings for rendering the brake device accessible is supportively placed between the handle and the housing, the support shell being provided in its upper surface with a central bore. In a preferred embodiment, the bracket of the brake device is an inherently resilient support member of star-shaped cross-sectional configuration with preferably three to six arms, radially narrowing slots being provided in the arms for receiving the brake surface supports.

Abstract: A food processing apparatus useful as an attachment of meat grinders to provide an extension of the pressure barrel thereof. Within the extension, there is provided a feed screw the flutes of which have openings of predetermined sizes, preferably disposed in peripheral sections of the flutes, for imposing multiple sequential divisions and reverse flow on at least part of the main material flow, thereby uniformly to emulsify the material before a final chopping action by an additional rotary cutter assembly disposed near the output end of the attachment.

Abstract: A gear shift apparatus for bicycles of the kind conventionally known as a derailleur is provided with a selectively actuable master cylinder operatively connected to a slave cylinder. The slave cylinder is mounted in a four-bar-linkage connected to a drive chain guide sprocket such that forces acting transversely of the slave cylinder are substantially avoided.

Abstract: Method of separating the surface layer from the core of a piece of wood is escribed. In it, the surface of the piece of wood is initially pre-damaged or roughened and the piece of wood thus treated is thereafter soaked in water or an aqueous solution until the moisture of the wood in the surface layer is at least 30%. Thereafter, the piece of wood thus pre-treated is subjected to a steam process with steam at a temperature of 120 .degree. to 160 .degree. C. by which the surface layer to be removed is solubilized to an extent sufficient for removal from the piece of wood in a following step.

Abstract: A method of making a three-dimensional integrated circuit by transferring fully processed devices from a device layer of first substrate to an auxiliary substrate, separating the auxiliary substrate and the devices thereon into individual chips, testing the chips for their functionality and mounting functioning chips on a carrier substrate in a side-by-side arrangement to form a device layer therein and thereafter mounting a further device layer on said device layer of said carrier substrate. Electrical inter-connection are formed between the devices of said to layers through passage ways in their respective substrates.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for two-coat one-fire electrophoretic enameling of a work piece made of metal, wherein a first undercoat enamel slip deposit bath is followed by at least one excess slip removing bath before the undercoated work piece is submerged in a process bath including an additive for reducing the electrical resistance of the enamel biscuit followed sequentially by another rinsing bath, a finish enamel coating bath and not less than one final rinsing bath before the coated work piece is subjected to an enamel firing step.

Abstract: A stamping device with top inking has a frame (6) that receives a stamp (3) guided in lateral parts (6') of the frame and capable of being moved by a pivoting mechanism (5,7,8) between an ink-receiving position in which the stamp is in contact with an inking pad (2) and a printing position by means of a U-shaped actuator bow (21) coupled to the stamp and capable of being moved by hand with respect to the frame against the force of a spring. The frame that contains the stamp and the reversing mechanism (4) is mounted in a substantially parallelepiped outer housing (1) made of plastic. Both lateral parts of the outer housing (1) have slots (24) for the legs (21') of the frame and cavities (15) for compression springs (16) or the legs (21') of the actuating bow that in turn is mounted in an outer frame (22) made of plastic and provided with lateral parts (22') that also extend into both compression spring-receiving cavities (15).