Abstract: A novel polyester is provided which has been found to exhibit an optically anisotropic melt phase at a temperature which enables it readily to undergo melt processing to form quality fibers, films, molded articles, etc. The polyester contains substantial concentrations of recurring 3-phenyl-4-oxybenzoyl and/or 2-phenyl-4-oxybenzoyl moieties in combination with 4-oxybenzoyl and/or 6-oxy-2-naphthoyl moieties in the proportions indicated. The wholly aromatic polyester is capable of forming the desired anisotropic melt at a temperature below approximately 350.degree. C.

Abstract: A polymer blend which is capable of exhibiting an anisotropic melt phase, improved processability characteristics, and the ability to form molded articles having satisfactory mechanical properties is provided. The polymer blend comprises approximately 5 to approximately 95 percent by weight, based upon the total weight of the blend, of a polyarylene sulfide and approximately 5 to approximately 95 percent by weight, based upon the total weight of the blend, of a melt processable wholly aromatic polyester which is capable of forming an anisotropic melt phase apart from the blend. Blend compositions containing high concentrations of wholly aromatic polyester (i.e., at least 60 percent by weight wholly aromatic polyester) can be used to form fibers and films.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of low molecular weight, essentially 100 percent solids, liquid, acrylic-based resins by adding substantially all of the monomeric precursors to a polymerization medium containing a high boiling solvent or solvents over a period of at least 30 minutes and maintaining the reaction temperature above about 150.degree. C. The polymerization medium may then be removed by temperature and/or vacuum application resulting in low molecular weight polymers useful in coating applications.

Abstract: Halogenated hydrocarbons, such as 1,1,1-trichloro-2, 2-bis(chlorophenyl) ethane (DDT) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), are removed from aqueous media including waste water from chemical manufacturing operations by contacting the aqueous media with an effective amount of a polyolefinic microporous adsorbent, preferably in the form of a filter or cartridge.

Abstract: A chemical pruning, and contact composition for the selective inhibition of suckering in plant species subject thereto, particularly tobacco, said composition comprising as an active species 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to (1) an epoxy compound identified as 3,3'-tetraglycidylsulfonyldianiline (referred to herein as 3,3'-TGDDS); (2) a thermosetting composition comprising 3,3'-TGDDS and a curing agent; (3) a thermosetting composition having improved resistance to moisture and to a reduction in the glass transition temperature at elevated temperatures when cured comprising (a) the above epoxy compound, i.e., 3,3'-TGDDS, (b) a polybutadiene rubber or mixture thereof, (c) an epoxy curing agent such as 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone, (d) a free radical initiator and esterification catalyst for the polybutadiene rubber; and (4) a carbon fiber/rubber modified epoxy composite prepared from the thermosetting composition of (3).The 3,3'-TGDDS when melted and admixed with the polybutadiene rubber in a solventless system forms a homogeneous mixture which is stable for extended periods.

Abstract: This invention involves a process for dimeric carbonylation of 1,3-butadiene in the presence of an alkanol and a palladium-phosphine complex catalyst to yield alkyl nonadienoate.An important aspect of the invention process is the recovery of a separate alkanol-rich liquid phase which contains the catalyst in a highly reactive form suitable for recycle.

Abstract: This invention provides an improved catalyst for vapor phase oxidation of propylene or isobutylene to the corresponding acrolein or methacrolein product. In a preferred embodiment, the oxidation catalyst corresponds to the formula:Mo.sub.12 Co.sub.4-5 Fe.sub.2-4 Ni.sub.2-3 Bi.sub.0.5-2 K.sub.0.65-1.3 P.sub.0.35-0.5 O.sub.xThis invention further provides a method of preparing the improved oxidation catalyst which in one important aspect of the preparation involves controlling the pH of an aqueous slurry admixture of catalyst components within the range of about 1-5.

Abstract: A polymer blend which is capable of exhibiting an anisotropic melt phase and which is capable of forming shaped articles which exhibit satisfactory mechanical properties is provided. The polymer blend comprises approximately 5 to approximately 95 percent by weight, based upon the total weight of the blend, of a first melt processable wholly aromatic polyester which is capable of forming an anisotropic melt phase apart from the blend and which comprises not less than approximately 10 mole percent of recurring units which include a naphthalene moiety, and approximately 5 to approximately 95 percent by weight, based upon the total weight of the blend, of a second melt processable wholly aromatic polyester which is capable of forming an anisotropic melt phase apart from the blend (as defined).

Abstract: A high yield of straight chain aldehydes, relative to branched chain aldehydes, is obtained by limiting the supply of carbon monoxide to the reaction to a value where the rate of reaction is dependent upon the concentration of carbon monoxide in the homogeneous catalysis of the hydrocarbonylation of hydrocarbon alpha olefins using a catalyst comprising a complex between an organic ligand and a Group VIII noble metal hydride or halide carbonyl. The reaction is performed at mild conditions including temperatures from 50.degree.-200.degree. C. and pressures from 1 to 10,000 atmospheres to produce aldehydes. The aldehydes are useful as intermediates for hydrogenation to aliphatic alcohols, for aldol condensation to produce plasticizers, for oxidation to produce aliphatic acids, etc.

Abstract: A tubular fiber reinforced composite shaft is formed (as described) which integrally incorporates a metal sleeve or connection at the end thereof. Initially a metal sleeve having circumferentially spaced recesses on the outer periphery thereof is positioned upon a segment of a mandrel. Fibrous material bearing a non-solidified resinous material is applied around the mandrel and around the recesses in the sleeve. Portions of the previously applied fibrous material bearing the non-solidified resinous material are pressed into the recesses. Additional fibrous material bearing the non-solidified resinous material is applied to the previously applied fibrous material. The resinous material next is solidified to form a tubular composite shaft whereby a secure torsion-transmitting connection is made with the sleeve, and the mandrel is removed.

Abstract: This invention provides an ultraviolet radiation-curable coating composition which after curing has utility as a moisture barrier film for the protection of substrates such as paper and cardboard.Illustrative of the invention radiation-curable composition is a blend of components comprising (1) chlorinated rubber, (2) chlorinated paraffin; (3) vinyl acetate; (4) trimethylolpropane triacrylate; (5) photoinitiator; and (6) heat and light stabilizer for the chlorocarbon components. The invention composition cures as a substantially 100 percent solids system within one second at room temperature when exposed to ultraviolet radiation.

Abstract: A novel polyester is provided which has been found to exhibit an optically anisotropic melt phase which enables it readily to undergo melt processing to form quality fibers, films, molded articles, etc. The polyester of the present invention contains recurring para-oxybenzoyl and para-phenylenedioxy-4,4'-dibenzoyl moieties in addition to moieties derived from at least one aromatic diol and at least one additional aromatic diacid in the proportions indicated. The hydrogen atoms present upon the aromatic rings derived from the aromatic diol and additional aromatic diacid optionally may be at least partially substituted (as described). The wholly aromatic polyester is capable of forming the desired anisotropic melt at a temperature below approximately 400.degree. C., and in a preferred embodiment at a temperature below approximately 360.degree. C.

Abstract: An improved process for the production of ultralow denier, high-strength polybenzimidazole filaments is provided. A solution of the polymer is extruded vertically downward through a plurality of extrusion orifices into a gaseous atmosphere before being passed through a liquid coagulation bath. During their passage from the extrusion orifices to the exit from the coagulation bath, the filaments are drawn at an initial draw ratio of approximately 2:1 to 50:1. After being passed through the coagulaton bath, the filaments are washed, dried, and heat drawn at a heat draw ratio of approximately 1.5:1 to 10:1. The resulting filaments, having a denier per filament of approximately 0.05 to 0.50 and a tenacity of at least 4 grams per denier, are collected.

Abstract: A carbon fiber reinforced composite coil spring is provided which is made from a braid formed of carbon fibers oriented at a preferred angle to the braid axis of approximately plus or minus 45.degree. and impregnated with a resin which serves as a substantially continuous matrix phase. Longitudinal reinforcing fiber may be incorporated into the braid to prevent it from straightening under longitudinal tension. The carbon fiber reinforced composite coil spring is formed by wrapping the braid, impregnated with a non-solidified resin, within a groove which extends helically along the surface of a helical mandrel and solidifying the resinous matrix material, and then removing the solid composite coil spring from the helical mandrel.

Abstract: A non-tacky powder composition useful for coating applications is disclosed. A method of preparing the non-tacky powder composition is also disclosed. This powder composition comprises tacky powder particles and, adhering to the tacky surface of these tacky powder particles in a non-continuous layer, smaller solid particles which are hard and non-tacky. The tacky powder particles comprise a melt blend mixture of a thermoplastic elastomer and a specifically defined melt flow modifier. The smaller solid particles which are hard and non-tacky comprise a specifically defined melt flow modifier which has a glass transition temperature greater than about 20.degree. C. The final powder composition is non-tacky and is particularly useful in coating glass containers. A process for coating substrates such as a glass container with this composition, as well as the coated glass container, is also disclosed.

Abstract: A tubular fiber reinforced composite shaft comprises a shaft body formed of a plurality of integrally bonded circumferential plies of solidified fiber reinforced resinous material. A metal sleeve is mounted in at least one end of the shaft body. A layer of adhesive material is disposed between an outer surface of the metal sleeve and an inner surface of the shaft body to bond the sleeve to the body. A portion of the body located adjacent an inner end of the adhesive layer is of enlarged radial thickness. A portion of the sleeve located adjacent the inner end of the adhesive layer may be of enlarged radial thickness.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improvement in a "solvent stretch" process which renders it possible to transverse stretch a microporous film prepared from a precursor film which has been previously uniaxially stretched in a direction perpendicular to the intended transverse stretching direction to thereby improve the permeability of the microporous film while also improving the balance of mechanical properties thereof in both directions of stretch.The improvement lies in uniaxially stretching the precursor film to form a microporous film having a specifically defined permeability as measured by the Gurley test. The requisite permeability of the uniaxially stretched microporous film is obtained by selecting the polymer employed to prepare the precursor film based on certain specifically defined property requirements and by employing specifically defined process conditions during uniaxial stretching.

Abstract: Apparatus and processes are disclosed for converting sensitive organic compounds such as acrolein, methacrolein, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid from liquid to vapor in admixture with a gas stream at super-atmospheric pressures with minimum decomposition and substantially without polymer formation. The acrolein and methacrolein partial pressures being up to super-atmospheric and those of acrylic and methacrylic acids up to about an atmosphere.An apparatus and a process are also disclosed for transferring a sensitive organic material in an energy-efficient manner from a low-pressure, high-temperature gas-vapor stream to a solvent for the sensitive material, and then to another gas stream at increased pressure.

Abstract: A novel polyester is provided which has been found to exhibit an optically anisotropic melt phase which enables it readily to undergo melt processing to form quality fibers, films, molded articles, etc. The polyester of the present invention contains recurring 6-oxy-2-naphthoyl moieties in addition to moieties derived from at least one aromatic diol and at least one aromatic diacid in the proportions indicated. The hydrogen atoms present upon the aromatic rings of these moieties optionally may be at least partially substituted (as described). The wholly aromatic polyester is capable of forming the desired anisotropic melt at a temperature below approximately 400.degree. C., and in a particularly preferred embodiment at a temperature below approximately 320.degree. C.