Abstract: Olefin Co- or homopolymers having a good molecular weight and short chain branching may be prepared in the presence of Group 8, 9 or 10 phosphinimine complex other than nickel.

Abstract: A culture monitor (10) for microbiological testing of a liquid sample includes a housing having a liquid inlet (30) and a liquid outlet (32, 34), and a liquid sample filtration means inside the housing between the liquid inlet (30) and the liquid outlet (32, 34). The liquid sample filtration means including a filter medium (16) so that a liquid sample entering the housing through the liquid inlet (30) passes through the filter medium (16), with microorganisms present in the liquid sample being retained on the filter medium (16) and spent liquid or filtrate passing through the filter medium (16). A reservoir (53) is provided in the housing downstream of the liquid sample filtration means relative to the liquid inlet (30), with a volume of a rehydration agent for a dehydrated culture medium being provided in the reservoir (53), or the reservoir (53) being adapted to retain during filtration, as a rehydration agent, a portion of the filtrate.

Abstract: An apparatus for conducting reactive distillations comprising a first distillation column, a first primary catalyst bed for carrying out a hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds comprising diolefins. The first primary catalyst bed is positioned in the distillation column to provide a first reaction zone for diolefins, and optionally, a first secondary catalyst bed above the first primary catalyst bed is provided as a second reaction zone for diolefins remaining in the first distillation column after the first reaction zone. A mixed saturated/unsaturated compound feed entry is provided below the first primary bed with a hydrogen feed below the primary bed. An overhead line connects to a second distillation column comprising a second primary catalyst bed for carrying out hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds comprising mono olefins from said first distillation column.

Abstract: A dual reactor process for the solution and (co)polymerization of ethylene uses two different types of catalysts in the two reactors. A catalyst having a phosphinimine ligand is used in the first reactor. A Ziegler Natta catalyst is used in the second reactor. The process of this invention is comparatively easy to control and may be used to produce polyethylene products having a broad molecular weight distribution. Linear low density produced according to this invention is well suited for the manufacture of molded goods and plastic films.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the concurrent production and hydrogenation of diisobutene in a single distillation column reactor containing both a dimerization catalyst and a hydrogenation catalyst by the dimerized of isobutene to diisobutene. The catalysts may be in alternating beds or physically mixed together in one or more beds. Alternatively a bifunctional catalyst having both dimerization and hydrogenation properties may be used.

Abstract: The melt of polyvinyl aromatic polymers comprising from 10 to 45 weight % of star branched polymer prepared using a combination of thermal and tetra functional peroxide initiation has an improved melt strength permitting better foam formation for extrusion foam blown with conventional blowing agents and inert gases including CO2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of complexes of transition metals having a ligand containing a phosphorus or arsenic atom bound to the transition metal through an oxygen atom, or an amido radical. The complexes may be activated with conventional activators and are useful in solution, slurry and gas phase polymerization of olefins.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of polyvinylarene polymer particles by suspension polymerization, wherein (a) vinylarene monomers are suspended in an aqueous medium to yield a suspension; (b) the temperature of the suspension is adjusted to a temperature above 50° C., at which temperature an initiator is added; (c) subsequently, the reaction temperature is increased by 5 to 30° C. per hour until a temperature of at least 120° C. has been reached; and (d) the temperature is retained at a temperature of at least 120° C. until the polymerization is complete.

Abstract: A method for adsorbing and oxidizing VOC's in the same bed, thus reducing the size of or even eliminating the need for a catalytic or thermal oxidation unit at the end of the system. In this system, a catalyst is intimately interspersed with the adsorbent material. The catalyst oxidizes VOC's released during desorption when it reaches the ‘light off temperature,’ that is, the catalyst temperature necessary for oxidation to begin. As VOC's are desorbed, they are combusted by the catalyst in the same bed and also by their combustion, heat the bed to aid in the desorption of VOC's elsewhere in the bed.

Abstract: Particles of a copolymer of a vinyl arene and a copolymerizable compound containing a polar moiety and a vinyl moiety containing water may be prepared by forming a mixture of monomers and small amounts of water and polymerizing under agitation to 20 to 70% conversion and then suspending the mass in water and finishing the polymerization. The resulting polymer beads contain finely dispersed water which is useful as an environmentally acceptable blowing agent.

Abstract: A process for the separation of isobutene, otherwise inseparable from butene-1 by fractionation, in high purity from butenes contained in a mixed hydrocarbon stream containing butene-1, butene-2 and small amounts of butadiene in which the mixed hydrocarbon stream is fed to distillation column reactor containing an alumina supported palladium oxide catalyst. The column is operated to tend to exclude butene-2 from contact with the catalyst and to maintain butene-1 in contact with the catalyst to isomerize the butene-1 to butene-2. As butene-2 is produced it is distilled away from the catalyst, upsetting the equilibrium and allowing for a greater than equilibrium amount of butene-2. The isobutene and isobutane are concurrently separated from the butene-2. Additionally, any butadiene in the feed is hydrogenated to butenes. The bottoms is rich in butene-2.

Abstract: Olefin co- or homopolymers having a good molecular weight and short chain branching may be prepared in the presence of a tridentate complex of a Group 8, 9 or 10 metal.

Abstract: Aluminum-phosphinimine complexes function as a component in a catalyst system for the (co)polymerization of ethylene. The inventive catalyst components form a highly productive polymerization system when activated with so-called “ionic activators”. The need for conventional transition metal catalyst metals (such as titanium, hafnium, zirconium or vanadium) is eliminated.

Abstract: Organometallic complexes having two phosphinimine ligands and at least one activatable ligand are catalyst components for olefin polymerization. Preferred polymerization systems are prepared by combining the organometallic complexes with an ionic activator and/or an alumoxane. Preferred catalyst components contain titanium, zirconium, or hafnium and are activated with an ionic activator to form catalysts for ethylene polymerization.

Abstract: There are a number of recent developments relating to co- and homo-polymers of vinyl aromatic monomers. There are syndiotactic polymers of styrene, there are pseudo random polymers of styrene and ethylene. The present invention seeks to provide novel pseudoblock polymers of styrene and ethylene in which at least 10 weight % of the vinyl aromatic monomer is incorporated in the form of one or more atactic pseudoblocks.

Abstract: A slurry polymerization process uses an unsupported catalyst component which is an organometallic complex having a phosphinimine ligand and a cyclopentadienyl-type ligand. The use of the unsupported catalyst component allows simple, inexpensive catalyst addition techniques to be used in a slurry polymerization process. The catalyst component is highly active for ethylene (co)polymerization in the process of this invention.

Abstract: A heterogeneous catalyst for olefin polymerization is prepared by spray drying a mixture of a metallocene catalyst, a cocatalyst and a hydrotalcite. It Preferred hydrotalcites are magnesium-aluminum hydroxy carbonates. The catalysts are very active for ethylene polymerization. The hydrotalcite used in this invention are generally defined by the formula: (Mg1−x Alx(OH)2)n+An−x/n·m H2O wherein X is from 0 to 0.5, m is from 0 to 20 and An− is an anion having a charge of n. Preferred hydrotalcites are those in which the anion A is a carbonate and which have been dried of adsorbed water.

Abstract: An organometallic complex of a group 4 metal having a cyclopentadienyl ligand and a heterosubstituted phosphinimine ligand is a catalyst component for olefin polymerization. The heterosubstituted phosphinimine ligand may be conveniently and inexpensively synthesized using readily available precursors which are comparatively non-pyrophoric. The resulting catalysts are highly active for ethylene copolymerization, particularly when activated with an alumoxane or ionic activator.

Abstract: A supported catalyst for the polymerization of olefins, especially ethylene, has at least two catalyst components having different propagation and/or termination constants. Each catalyst component must have at least one phosphinimine ligand. The polymer produced according to this invention has a broad molecular weight distribution. Catalysts according to this invention have a very surprising and desirable hydrogen response.

Abstract: A process for producing dialkyl carbonates, such as dimethyl carbonate, from the reaction of a primary alcohol with urea in the presence of a novel organotin catalyst complex with a high boiling electron donor compound acting as solvent which are (1) materials having the general formula RO[CH2(CH2)kCH2O]mR, wherein each R is independently selected from C1-12 alkyl, alkaryl or aralkyl moieties, k=0,1, 2 or 3 and m=1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 and (2) bidentate ligand which form 1:1 bidentate and/or 1:2 monodentate adducts with R′2SnX2(X═Cl, R′O, R′COO or R′COS), R′3SnX, R′SnO, Ph3-nR′SnXn or Ph4-nSnXn (wherein R′=CqH2q-1n=0, 1 or 2 and q=2 1 to 12) and mixtures thereof, such as materials having the general formula RO[CH2(CH2)xCH2O]mR, wherein each R is independently selected from C1-12 alkyl, alkaryl or aralkyl moieties, k=0,1, 2 or 3 and m=1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.