Abstract: A combustion synthesis process for the preparation of .alpha.-silicon nitride and composites thereof is disclosed. Preparation of the .alpha.-silicon nitride comprises the steps of dry mixing silicon powder with an alkali metal azide, such as sodium azide, cold-pressing the mixture into any desired shape, or loading the mixture into a fused, quartz crucible, loading the crucible into a combustion chamber, pressurizing the chamber with nitrogen and igniting the mixture using an igniter pellet. The method for the preparation of the composites comprises dry mixing silicon powder (Si) or SiO.sub.2, with a metal or metal oxide, adding a small amount of an alkali metal azide such as sodium azide, introducing the mixture into a suitable combustion chamber, pressurizing the combustion chamber with nitrogen, igniting the mixture within the combustion chamber, and isolating the .alpha.-silicon nitride formed as a reaction product.

Abstract: Dense, finely grained composite materials comprising one or more ceramic phase or phase and one or more metallic and/or intermetallic phase or phases are produced by combustion synthesis. Spherical ceramic grains are homogeneously dispersed within the matrix. Methods are provided, which include the step of applying mechanical pressure during or immediately after ignition, by which the microstructures in the resulting composites can be controllably selected.

Abstract: Highly stable pharmaceutical compositions suitable for parenteral administration to animals or humans comprising a therapeutically effective amount of an RTA-immunoconjugate dissolved in an inert carrier method comprising a stabilizer are claimed. Screening methods for selecting stabilizers effective in preventing precipitation and aggregation of such compositions are described. Preferred stabilizers includes glycerol at a concentration (v/v) of from about 25 to about 35%; dextran sulfates having molecular weights from about 0.1.times.10.sup.6 to about 2.times.10.sup.6 daltons; and human serum albumin.The invention further comprises such compositions which have been lyophilized and/or reconstituted wherein the stabilizer is non-volatile, and may further comprise a carbohydrate stabilizer.The invention further comprises stabilized RTA compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to haloalkyl-sulfenoxyl-2, 3-dibromopropane compounds and their use as antidotes for thiocarbamate herbicides.

Abstract: Herbicidally active thiolcarbamates are employed in combination with a certain amide extender compound, the latter in sufficient quantity to minimize soil degradation and to prolong the soil life of the former. As a result, the herbicidal effectiveness of the thiolcarbamate herbicide is significantly enhanced and prolonged, rendering a single application or multiple applications of the herbicide effective over a longer period of time. Such herbicidal compositions can optionally contain a non-phytotoxic antidotally effective amount of thiolcarbamate herbicide antidote.

Abstract: A refractile material containing a heterologous protein is recovered from a host microorganism cell culture transformed to produce the protein. One recovery process involves disrupting the cell wall and membrane of the host cell, removing greater than 99% by weight of the salts from the disruptate, redisrupting the desalted disruptate, adding a material to the disruptate to create a density or viscosity gradient in the liquid within the disruptate, and separating the refractile material from the cellular debris by high-speed centrifugation. Another version of such a recovery process comprises the further steps of solubilizing the refractile material under reducing conditions, organically extracting the solubilized refractile material, and isolating said refractile material from the extractant.Preferably the protein is recombinant IL-2 or IFN-.beta. and the salt removal step is carried out by diafiltration.

Abstract: A method of rapid determination of the isotype class for a panel of monoclonal antibodies is described. The assay comprises adsorbing on a solid support medium antibodies directed to specific immunoglobulin heavy and light chains. Once such isotype-specific antibodies are bound to the nitrocellulose paper, the treated strips can be incubated with the monoclonal antibody of interest. Upon formation of a complex between the specific iso-type antisera and the monoclonal antibody, the complex is visualized by reaction with a chromogenic substance. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the treated nitrocellulose strips are stored in kit form. Using these prepared strips, the isotyping assay can be performed in less than two hours with a minimum of technical manipulation and expenditure of reagents.

Abstract: Polypeptides that are synthesized or expressed directly in microorganisms, include an amino acid sequence that is homologous to at least a portion of gp70 envelope protein of FELV, and are immunogens that elicit or prime a humoral response in cats and immunize cats against FeLV infection. The microbially produced polypeptides are exemplified by a group of E. coli-expressed fusion proteins that comprise a portion of the trp leader peptide and a portion of the trp E protein fused to various portions of a subgroup B gp70 envelope protein. The synthesized polypeptides are exemplified by polypeptides that are homologous to segments of the hydrophilic domains of the gp70 protein.

Abstract: A machine for transferring liquids to and from the wells of assay trays in a controlled, automated manner and a solid phase assay tray for use with the machine. The machine includes a horizontally translatable table (15) that holds the tray (46), a plurality of liquid dispensing manifolds (54) for dispensing liquids into the tray wells (50) and an aspirating manifold (65) for aspirating liquid from the well. The dispensing and aspirating manifolds are mounted on a vertically translatable head (16) above the table. Each dispensing manifold is equipped with a row of dispensing tubes (56) and is connected via a pump (58) to a liquid container (62). The aspirating manifold is equipped with a row of aspirating tube (66) and is connected via a pump (69) to a waste liquid receptacle (73). A microprocessor (85) controls the movements of the table and manifolds and operates the pumps.

Abstract: Recombinant plasmids adopted for transformation of prokaryotic and eukaryotic hosts having an insertion site for at least one DNA fragment are provided. In a preferred embodiment, nucleotide sequences coding for methotrexate-resistant dehydrofolate reductase and a nucleotide sequence, a portion thereof coding for a promoter, are ligated into the insertion site.

Abstract: The soil life of herbicidally active thiolcarbamates is extended by employing in combination therewith certain organophosphorus compounds having the formula 3 ##STR1## in which R.sup.4 is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl and C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy; R.sup.5 is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylthio, C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkenylthio and C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkynylthio; R.sup.6 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen , C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 cycloalkyl and phenyl; and R.sup.7 is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkenyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkylthio, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkynoxy, C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 carbalkoxy, phenyl, phenoxy, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkoxy)phenyl, benzyl and benzyloxy, all optionally substituted with up to two halogen atoms.

Abstract: Herbicidally active thiolcarbamates are employed in combination with certain organophosphorous compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.4 is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy and C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylthio; R.sup.5 is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy and C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylthio; R.sub.6 is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkylene and C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkenylene; R.sup.7 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, phenyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl and C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkenyl, all optionally substituted with up to two halogens; X is oxygen or sulfur; and n is zero or one. As a result, the herbicidal effectiveness of the thiocarbamate is enhanced and prolonged, rendering a single application of the herbicide effective over a longer period of time.

Abstract: Herbicidally active thiolcarbamates are employed in combination with certain organophosphorus compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.4 is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, and C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylthio, R.sup.5 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, R.sup.6 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, and C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkoxyalkyl, R.sup.7 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl and R.sup.8 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methylthio. As a result, the herbicidal effectiveness of the thiocarbamate is enhanced and prolonged, rendering a single application of the herbicide effective over a longer period of time.

Abstract: Herbicidally active thiolcarbamates are employed in combination with certain organophosphorus compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.4 is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl and C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy; R.sup.5 is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy and C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkynylthio; R.sup.6 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene; R.sup.7 is selected from the group consisting of methyl and phenyl, X is oxygen or sulfur; Y is oxygen or sulfur; m is zero or one; and n is zero or one. As a result, the herbicidal effectiveness of the thiocarbamate is enhanced and prolonged, rendering a single application of the herbicide effective over a longer period of time.

Abstract: The soil life of herbicidally active thiocarbamates is extended by employing in combination therewith certain organophosphorus compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.4 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, R.sup.5 is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 cyanoalkylthio, and C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylamino; R.sup.6 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, and carbomethoxy; R.sup.7 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and chlorine; and X is oxygen or sulfur.

Abstract: The soil life of herbicidally active thiocarbamates is extended by employing in combination therewith certain organophosphorus compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.4 is selected from the group consisting of cyclohexyl and phenyl; R.sup.5 is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl and C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy; and R.sup.6 is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkoxy, diallylamino, and --NHR.sup.7 where R.sup.7 is C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 alkoxyalkyl.

Abstract: Catalase and pyranose-2-oxidase are stabilized according to the invention by means of chemical treatment which render the enzymes resistant to thermal inactivation or inactivation of glucosone or both.Stabilized catalase crosslinked with diimido esters, such as dimethyl suberimidate and dimethyl adipimidate are claimed.The method for stabilizing catalase against thermal inactivation or glucosone inactivation or both comprising gradually adding a crosslinking agent to a catalase solution and maintaining pH and temperature control is claimed.Stabilized pyranose-2-oxidase amidinated with an amidinating agent such as ethyl acetimidate is claimed.A method for stabilizing catalase against thermal inactivation comprising gradually adding an amidinating agent to a pyranose-2-oxidase solution preferably with pH control is claimed.An improved process for producing glucosone from glucose using stabilized catalase or pyranose-2-oxidase or both according to the invention is also claimed.

Abstract: The soil life of herbicidally active thiocarbamates is extended by employing therewith certain organophosphorus compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.4 is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl and C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy,R.sup.5 is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy and C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylthio,n is zero or one, andR.sup.6 is selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## in which R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, and R.sup.10 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylthio, phenyl, and chlorophenylthio.