Abstract: When supplied with an external synchronizing signal from an input terminal (2), a synchronizing separating circuit (6) separates and detects a horizontal synchronizing signal from the input signal and generates an HD pulse. When supplied with the HD pulse, a flip-flop (9) is set to generate a pulse. This output pulse is integrated by an integrating circuit (8) and an integrated output from the integrating circuit (8) is used to adjust a width of an output pulse from the flip-flop (9) to a value corresponding to a horizontal scanning frequency. The flip-flop (9) can be set only when supplied with the HD pulse, thereby preventing the flip-flop (9) from outputting a pulse whose width is longer than the width of the HD pulse. Therefore, the length of the back porch can be prevented from being reduced more than it is needed.

Abstract: A maximum likelihood decoder (28) comprises a Viterbi decoding unit (30) and a symbol concluding unit (29). Final N-M bit data of data of N (>M) bit unit, to which M-bit original data is converted, is supplied to the symbol concluding unit (29) as a terminal portion and other data is supplied to the Viterbi decoding unit (30), thereby being demodulated by a demodulator (37). A maximum likelihood decoding apparatus is provided in which image data or the like can be recorded and reproduced at high speed and maximum likelihood parallel decoding is effected. A reproducing data demodulating apparatus using such maximum likelihood decoding apparatus is also provided.

Abstract: A tape cassette includes supply reel and a takeup reel each with a plurality of notches arranged along the entire outer circumference of the lower flange of the reel. A plurality of projections are provided on a lower housing of the cassette for engaging the plurality of notches, and a resilient member is provided in an upper housing of the cassette for biasing the supply reel and the takeup reel toward the lower housing, causing the notches to engage the projections to form a lock for preventing rotation of the reels when the tape cassette is not in use.

Abstract: A microphone apparatus including a vacuum-tube amplifier amplifying an electric signal converted from an acoustic signal includes a thermo-ionic cooling element having two surfaces, in which a first surface is in contact with the vacuum-tube amplifier for absorbing the heat generated from the vacuum-tube amplifier and the absorbed heat is radiated to the exterior from the second surface.

Abstract: There is disclosed a circuit arrangement to permit reduction of the occupation area and the power consumption in a complementary logic circuit constituting a sequence circuit such that it is used in a manner switched between ON state and OFF state. This circuit arrangement as a sequence circuit comprises a delay circuit 2 comprised of a group of D flip-flops of the dynamic type and a combination circuit 1 connected to the delay circuit, thus to allow all inputs of the combination circuit 1 to be compulsorily brought into a predetermined state during an operation stop period of the delay circuit by an input control circuit 3, and to allow the delay circuit to be placed in a data through condition, with each of master and slave latches of the group of flip-flops constituting the delay circuit being caused to be inoperative or inactive, by an operation stop control circuit 4.

Abstract: A speech recognition system includes an acoustic analyzer which produces a time sequence of acoustic parameters from an input speech signal in an utterance boundary thereof, and estimates a trajectory in a parameter space from the time sequence of acoustic parameters. The trajectory is re-sampled in the parameter space at predetermined constant intervals sequentially each time the acoustic parameters are produced by the acoustic analyzing means, thereby producing an input utterance pattern. The input utterance pattern is matched with reference speech patterns to recognize the input speech signal. The speech recognition system also has an utterance boundary detector for detecting the utterance boundary of the input speech signal. The trajectory is re-sampled while the utterance boundary is being detected by the utterance boundary detector.

Abstract: A video camera system can track or follow the moving object without influence by other objects outside the desired image. Detection feature patterns are formed after brightness and hue frequency feature data is obtained on the basis of image information of the detection measurement frame. The position of the detection measurement frame having a feature pattern with the largest similarity to the standard feature pattern obtained from the standard measurement frame is determined. An imaging condition of a camera is controlled on the basis of the position information of the detection measurement frame.

Abstract: A direct viewing picture image display apparatus displays a good picture image with a small amount of light and low power consumption using a laser beam without producing speckle noises. The display apparatus comprises a light source for emitting a laser beam, an optical modulating system for optically modulating the laser beam from the light source in response to a video signal, a scanning system for horizontally and vertically scanning the modulated laser beam from the scanning signal in response to a scanning signal, and a projecting optical system for projecting the scanned laser beam from the scanning system to form an image of the laser beam on the retina of an eye of an observer. Depth information is provided to the laser beam at a suitable stage after optical modulation by the optical modulating system so that a stereoscopic image is displayed.

Abstract: A radio receiver of a synthesizer type having a PLL adapted to make frequency conversion of a received signal using an oscillated signal by the PLL to thereby achieve channel selection select keys, a register key, a page key, a display and a microcomputer with memories, a central processing unit, and a display driver. One of the memories contains a data table having pages of frequency data, such pages being selected by the central processing unit and displayed on the display by the display driver in response to key input.

Abstract: A method of performing state transition control in an electronic apparatus in which it is first determined whether a functional transition request has occurred. A main routine is performed if no transition request has occurred and a state transition processing is performed if a transition request has occurred. By calling the main routine as a subroutine during the state transition processing, interrupt processing and separated stack processing are avoided.

Abstract: A video signal combining apparatus for combining at least three video signals (V.sub.A, V.sub.B, V.sub.C) including a key signal (K.sub.A, K.sub.B, K.sub.C) and depth signal (Z.sub.A, Z.sub.B, Z.sub.C) includes at least two cascade-connected 2-input combiners (1, 2) which combine two of the video signals so that the output of a preceding stage becomes one input of the next stage; a decision circuit (3) which decides on a pixel by pixel basis on an order of arrangement in a depth direction among images from the depth signal of the input video signals; and a switching circuit (4) which rearranges the input video signals in an order of arrangement based on the result of decision of the decision circuit (3) and outputs the result in a parallel manner to the inputs of the above-described combiners (1, 2) so that the video signals are sequentially combined in the decided order of arrangement.