Abstract: A compound having the formula (I) where each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 is independently C6-C18 aryl-, C5-C8 cycloalkyl-, C6-C18 aryl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C5-C8 cycloalkyl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C4-C20 branched alkyl-, C16-C20 linear alkyl-, RO—, —NRR?, —PRR?, —SR, fluoro substituted forms thereof, and perfluoro forms thereof: and R5 is C6-C18 aryl-, C5-C8 cycloalkyl-, C6-C18 aryl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C5-C8 cycloalkyl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C3-C20 branched alkyl-, C2-C30 linear alkyl-, fluoro substituted forms thereof, and perfluoro forms thereof; where R and R? are each independently C6-C18aryl-, C5-C8 cycloalkyl-, C6-C18 aryl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C5-C8 cycloalkyl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C4-C20 branched alkyl-, C2-C30 linear alkyl-, fluoro substituted forms thereof, and perfluoro forms thereof; A is N, P, S, or O with the proviso that when A is S, R2 is a nullify; and M is

Abstract: An exchangeable security, tradable on a securities exchange is issued at a share price that is a discount from the share price of an underlying security or basket of underlying securities. At or prior to maturity of the exchangeable security, a holder of the exchangeable security may exchange a share of the exchangeable security for a share of the underlying security or basket of underlying securities. The exchangeable security may also include a linked payment that is redeemable for the full amount of the payment on maturity of the exchangeable security. Alternatively, the exchangeable security may be issued at the share price of the underlying security with the linked payment. The invention provides methods for issue, trade and redemption as well as systems for issue, trade and redemption of the security.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing a hub in a real-time web application framework is described. In one embodiment, the method includes running applications on a hub server computer system within a real-time web application framework. The method may also include running each application based on configuration parameters associated with each application, the hub server computer system running the applications outside of a web application stack run on a web server computer system of the real-time web application framework.

Abstract: Techniques for launching a VM with memory automatically adjusted based on a memory configuration of a client hosting the VM are described herein. According to one embodiment, a control server dynamically determines an amount of memory in view of a memory configuration of a client at the point in time, in response to a request for launching a VM for the client over a network. The amount of memory is allocated to be associated with the VM. Thereafter, the control server launches the VM for the client having the determined amount of memory allocated to the VM, where the VM is to be hosted by the client. Other methods and apparatuses are also described.

Abstract: A redundant array of independent disk (RAID) stack determines a first number of processor cycles to reload first data from a first memory address of a main memory into a processor of a data processing system. The RAID stack loads second data from a second memory address of the main memory into the processor, where the second memory address is configured to be an address offset from the first memory address. The RAID stack reloads the first data from the first memory address of the main memory and determines a second number of processor cycles to reload the first data from the first memory address of the main memory. An alias offset of a cache memory associated with the processor of the data processing system is determined based on the first number of processor cycles and the second number of processor cycle.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for selectively using an anonymous proxy. A user request for content is received. A determination is made as to whether the user request satisfies context criteria. When the user request satisfies the context criteria, the user request is forwarded to an anonymous proxy. When the user request does not satisfy the context criteria, the request is sent directly to a content provider.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for sending a self-asserted certificate is described. A mail client of a sender is configured to generate a public and private key pair, to create a self-signed certificate, and to form an introduction message addressed to a recipient to enable use of the self-signed certificate prior to corresponding with the recipient. A mail client of a recipient is configured to display an indicator of a receipt of the introduction message from the sender. The indicator comprises a user interface query to the recipient to verify and accept the sender-signed certificate in response to receiving the introduction message from the sender.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a method and apparatus for building online games. In one embodiment, the method may include providing a user interface that facilitates user selection of parts, and placing a set of parts selected by a user in a three-dimensional (3D) world. The method may also include joining parts within the set based on their proximity to each other in the 3D world to form one or more models for a game, and sending a model file for each of these models to a server via a network for use by various users.

Abstract: A method and system for performing high precision and high recall relevancy searching is provided. According to embodiments of the present invention, a relevance rule is generated based on a user model and language from within one or more relevant and non-relevant documents. A query is created based on the relevance rule wherein the query may be applied to a corpus to identify relevant and non-relevant documents. The relevance rule may be iteratively refined in order to increase the accuracy of the query. The resulting query may be used by a litigator during the discovery phase of a litigation to respond to a request for production.

Abstract: Systems and methods for tracking cardiac targets are disclosed. The cardiac targets may be tracked dynamically. The process may include registering a cardiac target at different phases of a cardiac cycle. Movement of the cardiac target can be determined by correlating respiratory motion and cardiac pumping motion. Radiation treatment can then be delivered to the cardiac target taking into account the movement of the cardiac target.

Abstract: Some embodiments of a system and a method to dynamically allocate memory to applications have been presented. For instance, an application interface executing on a processing device running in a computing system receives a request from an application running on the processing device for a predetermined capacity of memory. A kernel running on the processing device may allocate one or more consecutive heaps of memory to the application in response to the request. A total capacity of the heaps allocated is at least the predetermined capacity requested.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to systems and methods for validating interpolation results using Monte Carlo simulations on interpolated data inputs. A database can store sets of operational data, such as financial, medical, climate or other information. For given data, a portion of the input data can be known or predetermined, while for a second portion can be unknown and subject to interpolation. The interpolation engine can generate a conformal interpolation function and interpolated input sets that map to a set of target output data. In aspects, in order to test the interpolated input data, the operator can initiate a Monte Carlo or other variational analysis using access a validation dialog. The Monte Carlo process can apply randomized perturbations to the values of the interpolated input variables, and track the results of that perturbation on the other interpolated inputs.

Abstract: A method and system for browsing videos that are organized as channels. A browsing interface allows a user to browse videos with primarily a simple directional controller. The up and down inputs of the directional controller control navigation between levels of the interface such as search, playback control, full screen playback, video browsing and channel browsing. The left and right inputs of the directional controller control various options at the active level of the user interface and the select input allows the user to select an option. The user can browse various channels and videos within a channel to select media for playback. Videos in a channel play continuously to minimize input from the directional controller.

Abstract: Some embodiments of graphical spam detection and filtering have been presented. In one embodiment, an electronic mail addressed to an electronic mail account is screened. If a graphic image is embedded in a body of the electronic mail and a sender of the electronic mail is unidentified, then the electronic mail is classified as unsolicited bulk electronic mail.

Abstract: Methods for monitoring operating statuses of hosts are described herein. Operating statuses for one or more hosts are monitored by a management server over a network using a network management protocol. In response to a failure to obtain an operating status of a first host over the network using the network management protocol, the management server instructs a second host to access a predetermined storage location to obtain the operating status of the first host. The predetermined storage location is specifically allocated for the first host from a storage space shared by all the hosts. Thereafter, the management server is configured to determine an operating condition of the first host based on the operating status obtained via the second host.

Abstract: In a device, method and/or computer-readable medium for secure communication between a client device and a server, the client device includes a browser for accessing a website provided by the server, the client device generates a key according to a key generating cryptographic routine; tags the key with a marker associating the key with the website; and stores the tagged key in a memory associated with the browser.

Abstract: A computer system can be updated and/or reconfigured quickly by preparing a list of attributes of the system and computing a fingerprint based on the list. The fingerprint serves as a key to a database of precomputed upgrade plans. If a matching plan is found, it can be executed to update the computer system without performing a time-consuming dependency resolution operation. If no applicable precomputed plan is found, a plan must then be computed, but the computed plan may be saved in the database to speed up future system updates.

Abstract: For each of a plurality of memory access routines having different access timing characteristic, a redundant array of independent disk (RAID) stack executes the memory access routine to load predetermined data from a main memory to a register of a processor of a data processing system. The RAID stack determines an amount of cache misses for the execution of the memory access routine. The RAID stack selects one of the plurality of memory access routines that has the least amount of cache misses for further memory accesses for the purpose of parity calculations of RAID data.

Abstract: A redundant array of independent disk (RAID) stack loads a first parity block of RAID data into a first memory address of a main memory of a data processing system. A first parity calculation is performed on a first plurality of data blocks of the RAID data with the first parity block loaded from the first memory address of the main memory into a register of the processor of the data processing system and a cache memory associated with the processor. The RAID stack loads subsequent parity blocks of RAID data into subsequent memory addresses of the main memory, where a difference between the first memory address and the subsequent memory addresses equals to one or more multiples of an alias offset associated with the cache memory. A second parity calculation is performed on a second plurality of data blocks and the second parity block of the RAID data.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to systems and methods for managing a collaboration space having application hosting capabilities. A collaboration space, such as a wiki site, can host a set of collaboration tools and resources, including, for example, content tools, communication tools, and other resources for the users of the space. The collaboration space can also incorporate a set of executable application resources, such as application programming tools to permit users to program, invoke, and execute applications directly from the wiki site or other collaboration space. The set of executable application resources can in turn be embedded or incorporated in a Web framework, for instance to permit the set of hosted applications to be served/run to remote clients as Web applications. Applications generated outside the collaboration space can in embodiments be migrated into the collaboration space and hosted and/or executed from within the collaboration space, even if not originally generated there.