Abstract: Improved miniature trailing edge effectors for aerodynamic control are provided. Three types of devices having aerodynamic housings integrated to the trailing edge of an aerodynamic shape are presented, which vary in details of how the control surface can move. A bucket type device has a control surface which is the back part of a C-shaped member having two arms connected by the back section. The C-shaped section is attached to a housing at the ends of the arms, and is rotatable about an axis parallel to the wing trailing edge to provide up, down and neutral states. A flip-up type device has a control surface which rotates about an axis parallel to the wing trailing edge to provide up, down, neutral and brake states. A rotating type device has a control surface which rotates about an axis parallel to the chord line to provide up, down and neutral states.

Abstract: An integrated method for both super-resolution and multi-frame demosaicing includes an image fusion followed by simultaneous deblurring and interpolation. For the case of color super-resolution, the first step involves application of recursive image fusion separately on the three different color layers. The second step is based on minimizing a maximum a posteriori (MAP) cost function. In one embodiment, the MAP cost function is composed of several terms: a data fidelity penalty term that penalizes dissimilarity between the raw data and the super-resolved estimate, a luminance penalty term that favors sharp edges in the luminance component of the image, a chrominance penalty term that favors low spatial frequency changes in the chrominance component of the image, and an orientation penalty term that favors similar edge orientations across the color channels. The method is also applicable to color super-resolution (without demosaicing), where the low-quality input images are already demosaiced.

Abstract: A sensor for a textured surface (e.g., a fingerprint) is provided. The sensor includes a flexible substrate and a flexible membrane supported above the substrate by one or more spacers. The sensor also includes multiple pressure sensor elements responsive to a separation between parts of the membrane and corresponding parts of the substrate. The membrane is conformable to the textured surface being sensed, so the variation in separation between substrate and membrane is representative of the textured surface being sensed. Such pressure sensors can be included in fingerprint authentication subsystems including associated integrated electronic circuitry (e.g., encryption, image processing, fingerprint matching, communication and/or location determination circuitry). Such subsystems can be included in various access control systems (e.g., smart cards and mobile electronics).

Abstract: Torque control capability is provided to a position controlled robot by calculating joint position inputs from transformation of the desired joint torques. This is based on calculating the transfer function 1/E(s), which relates the desired joint torque to joint position. Here E(s) is a servo transfer function D(s) or an effective servo transfer function D*(s). The use of an effective servo transfer function D*s) is helpful in cases where joint nonlinearities are significant. The effective servo transfer function D*(s) is defined with respect to an ideal joint transfer function G*(s)=1/(Ieffs2+beffs), where Ieff is an effective moment of inertia and beff is an effective damping coefficient.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus and method for integrated measurement of a sample that has miniature features. The apparatus has an optical measuring unit for illuminating the sample with a global test radiation over an optical test region and obtaining an optical response, such as scattered or transmitted radiation from the optical test region. In addition, the apparatus has a local measuring unit for making a nanometer scale measurement of a local material parameter ? of the sample. The local parameter ? is determined with a mechanical, optical, magnetic, electric or other physical measurement performed in the nanometer range with a scanning probe tip at a test location lying within the optical test region. The material parameter ? is selected such that it is substantially constant or uniform over the illuminated area.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for examining features of a planar, disk-shaped samples on a stage that holdings the sample and has an X-drive, a Y-drive and a ?-drive for rotating the stage about a center of rotation defined in the stage coordinates. The sample is placed on the stage such that the center of the sample is substantially aligned with the center of rotation and a measurement assembly is located above the sample to examine the features optically. A scheduling module coordinates the X-drive, the Y-drive and the ?-drive with the measurement assembly such that the sample is examined in an even number n of angular sectors defined by a sector angle ? that is the same for each sector. Specifically, the sector angle ? is defined in terms of n as follows: ? = 360 ? ° n , where n=4m and m is an integer, such that a multiple of sector angle ? always includes angles 90° and 180°.

Abstract: Improved compatibility of MRI with radiation imaging is provided by MRI RF coils having transmissive coil sections. The transmissive coil sections are substantially transparent to the penetrating radiation employed by the radiation imaging system. Thus the transmissive coil sections can be disposed in a field of view of the radiation imaging system without introducing artifacts into the radiation images. Transparency to penetrating radiation can be achieved by substantially including only low atomic number (i.e., Z<29) elements in the transmissive coil sections. Preferably, the transmissive coil sections are fabricated substantially from aluminum.

Abstract: A system and a method for optical characterization of a symmetric grating illuminated at off-normal incident angle are provided, where the plane of incidence is parallel to the grating lines. In this case corresponding positive and negative diffraction orders have the same intensity and phase. Several approaches for exploiting this symmetry are given. The first approach is a symmetric rigorous coupled wave analysis (SRCWA) adapted to the symmetric case, which accounts for N positive and N negative diffraction orders with M=N+1 space harmonics, without approximation. Various approximation methods are also given. Approximate versions of the RCWA (or SRCWA) can be developed by neglecting polarization coupling for small angles of incidence. A normal incident angle calculation can be used to approximate a situation with a small angle of incidence. Refinements to this approximation include revision of grating depth or refractive indices to improve accuracy.

Abstract: A method is provided of solving the dynamic super-resolution (SR) problem of reconstructing a high-quality set of monochromatic or color superresolved images from low-quality monochromatic, color, or mosaiced frames. The invention includes a joint method for simultaneous SR, deblurring, and demosaicing, this way taking into account practical color measurements encountered in video sequences. For the case of translational motion and common space-invariant blur, the proposed invention is based on a very fast and memory efficient approximation of the Kalman filter (KF). Experimental results on both simulated and real data are supplied, demonstrating the invention algorithms, and their strength.

Abstract: The present invention provides a layout yield improvement tool that performs wire spreading to optimize integrated circuit (IC) designs in the physical design stage after detail routing. Preferably, the wire spreading is performed on a geotopological layout. Each modifiable wire thereof is processed to generate a geometric bottom-up shape (BUS) and a top-down shape (TDS). The BUS and TDS are merged to form a final geometrical Middle Shape (MS). Each point in the MS has a position is averaged from the positions of the two correlated points in the BUS and TDS. Unnecessary short jogs are removed from the MS of each wire. A final layout is generated by combining all of the final geometric shapes of each wire segments. As such, the wire-to-wire spacing is increased to more than the minimum spacing requirement without causing any design rule violations.

Abstract: A protection system in which a shunt protection device at the interface terminals is optically triggered by sensor components within the circuit. This permits a variety of appropriate overvoltage detection thresholds to be defined at different nodes within the circuit. Preferably the shunt protection device is combined with one or more series protection devices which interrupt overcurrent.

Abstract: A removable bollard is provided. A bollard is attached to a bollard plate with a catch fixed to one end and a lock juncture fixed near the opposite end of the bollard plate. Additionally provided is a base plate with a catch receiver at one end of the base plate, a retractable latch and a latch receiver at an opposite end of the base plate. The retractable latch has a first position and a second position. In the first position the catch is encompassed by the catch receiver on the base plate to couple with the base plate end, where the retractable latch is then locked to the lock juncture to lock the bollard plate to the base plate. When in the second position, the retractable latch is recessed into the latch recess within the base plate and the bollard and bollard plate are removed, leaving an obstruction-free access way.

Abstract: A sensor for a textured surface (e.g., a fingerprint) is provided. The sensor includes a flexible substrate and a flexible membrane supported above the substrate by one or more spacers. The sensor also includes multiple pressure sensor elements responsive to a separation between parts of the membrane and corresponding parts of the substrate. The membrane is conformable to the textured surface being sensed, so the variation in separation between substrate and membrane is representative of the textured surface being sensed. A preferred sensor array arrangement has a set of parallel substrate electrodes on the substrate facing the membrane and a set of parallel membrane electrodes on the membrane facing the substrate, where the substrate and membrane electrodes are perpendicular. The sensor array is preferably an entirely passive structure including no active electrical devices, to reduce cost. Row and column addressing circuitry can be provided as separate units (e.g.

Abstract: A differential mode surge protection apparatus includes first and second solid state protection devices in series between respective input and output connection points. The apparatus may be provided in conjunction with a common mode protection apparatus such as an isolation transformer. Alternatively, the apparatus may be provided integrated into a single miniaturized protection package. In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus includes a surge arrestor arranged to supplement protection conferred by the first and second solid state protection devices. The surge arrestor is capable of being triggered prior to breakdown of either the first or second solid state protection devices. The apparatus may be incorporated into digital processing cards such as LAN cards and also into cables to conveniently provide differential mode protection.

Abstract: In a multi-panel sunshade device for a vehicle comprising a drive panel and a plurality of follower panels slidably supported between the right and left guide rails to selectively open and close the roof opening, the right and left guide rails each comprises an upper guide rail and a lower guide rail, and right and left front slide shoes of each follower panel are supported by the right and left upper guide rails, respectively, while right and left rear slide shoes of each follower panel are supported by the right and left lower guide rails, respectively. Further, a pair of right and left front slide shoe storing rooms are connected to the right and left upper guide rails, respectively, and a pair of right and left rear slide shoe storing rooms are connected to the right and left lower guide rails, respectively.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for temperature-dependent transient blocking employing a transient blocking unit (TBU) that uses at least one depletion mode n-channel device interconnected with at least one depletion mode p-channel device. The interconnection is performed such that a transient alters a bias voltage Vp of the p-channel device and a bias voltage Vn of the n-channel device in concert to effectuate their mutual switch off to block the transient. The apparatus has a temperature control unit that is in communication with the TBU and adjusts at least one of the bias voltages Vp, Vn in response to a sensed temperature Ts, thereby enabling the apparatus to also respond to over-temperature. In some embodiments the p-channel device is replaced with a positive temperature coefficient thermistor (PTC). The temperature control unit can use any suitable circuit element, including, among other a PTC, resistor, negative temperature coefficient element, positive temperature coefficient element, transistor, diode.

Abstract: Long Elements Method (LEM) for real time physically based dynamic simulation of deformable objects. The LEM is based on a new meshing strategy using long elements whose forms can be straight or arbitrary. The LEM implements a static solution for elastic global deformations of objects filled with fluid based on the Pascal's principle and volume conservation. The volumes are discretised in long elements, defining meshes one order of magnitude smaller than meshes based on tetrahedral or cubic elements. The LEM further combines static and dynamic approaches to simulate the same deformable medium, allowing modeling a three-dimensional internal state at any point inside the deforming medium from a reduced number of explicitly updated elements. Complex elastic and plastic deformations can be simulated in real time with less computational effort. The LEM is particularly useful in real time virtual interactions, soft tissue modeling, and graphic and haptic rendering.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for searching multiple strings within a packet data using deterministic finite automata. The apparatus includes means for updating memory tables stored in a layered memory architecture comprising a BRAM, an SRAM and a DRAM; a mechanism to strategically store the relevant data structure in the three memories based on the characteristics of data, size/capacity of the data structure, and frequency of access. The apparatus intelligently and efficiently places the associated data in different memories based on the observed fact that density of most rule-sets is around 10% for common data in typical network intrusion prevention systems. The methodology and layered memory architecture enable the apparatus implementing the present invention to achieve data processing line rates over 2 Gbps.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for examining features of a sample with a broadband beam of light obtained from a long-wavelength source that may include two distinct emitters that emit a long-wavelength radiation and a short-wavelength source that emits a short-wavelength radiation. A passage is positioned between the sources and a reflective beam combining optics is provided for shaping the long-wavelength radiation to enter the short-wavelength source via the passage and also for shaping the short-wavelength radiation that exits through the passage and propagates toward the long-wavelength source. The reflective beam combining optics shape the short-wavelength radiation such that it re-enters the short-wavelength source via the passage and is combined with the long-wavelength radiation into the broadband beam that exits the short-wavelength source.

Abstract: Described here are systems for regulating the temperature of a heating or cooling device without adjusting the input power. In general, the systems described here comprise a heating or cooling device and a controller. The heating or cooling device typically comprises a cold region and a hot region, there being a temperature difference between the two, and an input power. The controllers are configured to be placed in thermal contact with at least a portion of the cold region and at least a portion of the hot region, and are configured to create a path for heat exchange between the portions of the contacted hot and cold regions. The heat exchanged may be controlled and the temperature of the system may be user adjustable, or it may be automatically controlled.