Abstract: An injection system for injecting one or more additives into a pressurizable container for use with a filling system providing a flow of fluid into the pressurizable container, the injection system comprising: (a) a delivery system adapted for transferring at least one additive from a source of the additive to at least one portal; and (b) at least one portal operatively connectable between the delivery system and the filling system, the portal defining an internal space and having at least a first configuration and a second configuration, in the first configuration, the internal space being adapted to receive additives from the delivery system while being fluidly isolated from the filling system, in the second configuration, the internal space being in fluid communication with the filling system such that any additive deposited therein is carried into the container by the flow of fluid provided by the filling system.

Abstract: A process for preparing a haloalkane comprising: (a) contacting a haloalkane starting material with a haloalkene starting material in the presence of an effective amount of a catalyst complex under conditions effective to facilitate an addition reaction and to form a product stream comprising a haloalkane product from said addition reaction, wherein said catalyst complex has a boiling point higher than that of said haloalkane product; and (b) recovering said haloalkane product from said product stream.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of 1-chloro-1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HCFC-235fa), useful as an intermediate in the production of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa). The invention further relates to a process for the preparation of HFC-245fa comprising reacting HCFC-235fa with hydrogen in the presence of a reduction catalyst wherein the said HCFC-235fa is prepared by reacting CCl3CHCCl3 with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of fluorination catalyst in either the liquid phase or the vapor phase.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions that are intimate mixtures of hydrogen fluoride and a polymer. The compositions of the invention are less hazardous and, therefore, more conveniently stored, transported, and handled in comparison to pure hydrogen fluoride. Further, the hydrogen fluoride may be readily recovered from the compositions of the invention for use.

Abstract: A liquid phase fluorination process for producing difluoromethane without corrosion is provided. In the process of this invention, methylene chloride and hydrogen fluoride are reacted in a reactor made of fluorinated polymer to produce a reaction product while a vaporized and superheated recycle stream of process reactants is fed into the reactor.

Abstract: Cleaning a component of a vapor compression system with a cleaning composition having a hydrofluorocarbon as an active ingredient.

Abstract: A compound having the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R is fluorine, hydrogen, an unsubstituted or substituted aliphatic or unsubstituted or substituted aromatic radical;R.sub.1 is an unsubstituted or substituted aliphatic radical, or unsubstituted or substituted aromatic radical; andR.sub.2 is hydrogen, an unsubstituted or substituted aliphatic radical, or unsubstituted or substituted aromatic radical.

Abstract: The present invention provides refrigerant blends which are replacements for chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22). The present blends have refrigeration characteristics which are similar to HCFC-22. The blends comprise from about 10 to about 90 weight percent of a first component selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane, difluoromethane, propane, and mixtures thereof; from about 1 to about 50 weight percent of a second component selected from the group consisting of hydrofluorocarbon having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, fluorocarbon having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, inorganic compound, and mixtures thereof having a boiling point at atmospheric pressure in the range from about -90 degrees C to less than -50 degrees C; and from about 1 to about 50 weight percent of a third component which is hydrofluorocarbon having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, other than 1,1,1-trifluoroethane, having a boiling point at atmospheric pressure in the range from about -50 degrees C to about -10 degrees C.

Abstract: A chemically modified mica composite formed by heating a trioctahedral mica in an aqueous solution of sodium chloride having a concentration of at least 1 mole/liter at a temperature greater than 180 degrees Centigrade for at least 20 hours, thereby replacing exchangeable ions in the mica with sodium. Formation is accomplished at temperatures and pressures which are easily accessed by industrial equipment. The reagent employed is inexpensive and non-hazardous, and generates a precipitate which is readily separated from the modified mica.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel compositions of 1-bromopropane and at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 2-methyl-2-propanol, 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, tetrahydrofuran, nitromethane, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, hexane, 1,3-dioxolane, 1-chloro-2-methylpropane, 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5, 5-decafluoropentane, methyl ethyl ketone and cyclohexane and more particularly to azeotrope-like compositions based on these compounds which are useful as solvents in refrigeration flushing, oxygen system cleaning and vapor degreasing applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel compositions of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and chlorinated ethylenes and more particularly to azeotrope-like compositions based on these compounds which are useful as solvents in aerosol, refrigeration flushing, oxygen system cleaning and vapor degreasing applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improvement in a process in which chlorine and difluoromethane are present in a distillation column, for example, a fluorination reaction. By controlling the chlorine feed such that the concentration of chlorine relative to difluoromethane in the distillation column is maintained below about 22 weight percent (the flammability threshold for chlorine in a mixture of difluoromethane and chlorine), formation of a flammable difluoromethane/chlorine mixture may be minimized or avoided. The invention is particularly useful in a process for the preparation of difluoromethane wherein at least one distillation column separates difluoromethane from unreacted starting materials such as methylene chloride, hydrogen fluoride and monochloromonofluoromethane.

Abstract: This invention provides compositions of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, water and at least one hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of n-pentane, isopentane, cyclopentane and hexane that are environmentally desirable for use as refrigerants, aerosol propellants, metered dose inhalers, blowing agents for polymer foam, heat transfer media, and gaseous dielectrics.

Abstract: An improved thermal energy storage system and a process for thermal energy storage and transfer are disclosed. The cooling medium, a clathrate forming mixture, comprises water, and a hydrofluorocarbon having at least three carbon atoms and a molecular diameter less than about 7 .ANG.. Preferably the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from hydrofluoropropanes and more preferably is selected from the group consisting of CHF.sub.2 CHFCHF.sub.2, CF.sub.2 HCF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 F, CF.sub.3 CHFCH.sub.2 F, CF.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 H, CF.sub.3 CF.sub.2 CH.sub.3, CF.sub.3 CHFCF.sub.2 H, CF.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CF.sub.3, CF.sub.3 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 H, CH.sub.2 FCF.sub.2 CF.sub.3, CHF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CH.sub.3, CF.sub.3 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CH.sub.3, CF.sub.3 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 H, and CF.sub.3 CFHCFHCF.sub.3.

Abstract: A process for producing a fluorinated organic compound comprising: (a) reacting an organic starting material with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a fluorination catalyst and an HFC reaction solvent to produce a product stream containing the fluorinated organic compound wherein the reaction solvent has a boiling point higher than that of the fluorinated organic compound; and (b) recovering the fluorinated organic compound from the product stream.

Abstract: In the synthesis of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (R-245fa), a mixture of R-245fa and the impurity 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1233zd) is purified and R-1233zd is removed from the mixture by contacting the mixture with 1-5 mols of chlorine for each mol of R-1233zd in the presence of ultraviolet light having a wavelength between about 300 to 400 nm which provides at least 0.02 watts-hour/kg of the mixture, the R-1233zd being reduced to below 10 wt. ppm or lower, as it is converted to 1,2,2-trichloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropane (R-233) or other propane which contains more chlorine and which has a higher boiling point than R-245fa and can be separated easily from R-245fa, the photochlorination being effected in a manner such that at least about 96 wt. % of the starting amount of R-245fa is maintained in the mixture.

Abstract: A compound having the formula:CF.sub.3 CH.sub.2-w (H.sub.1-x CH.sub.2-y R.sub.m R'.sub.n CH.sub.1-z).sub.p H.sub.2-q CF.sub.3wherein w=0, 1 or 2; x=0 or 1; y=0, 1 or 2; m=0, 1 or 2; n=0 or 1; z=0 or 1; p=1 or 2; and q=0, 1 or 2; with the provisos that 1.ltoreq.w+x.ltoreq.2, 1.ltoreq.q+z.ltoreq.2, and p.multidot.y=p(m+2n)+(p-1)(x+z)+q+w+x+z-2; and wherein R includes the halogens having an atomic number greater than 9, and radicals having a valence of 1, and wherein R' is a group having a valence of 2, and a process for preparing the compound.

Abstract: Provided are azeotropic and azeotrope-like mixtures of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa) and hydrogen fluoride. Such are useful as an intermediate in the production of HFC-245fa. The latter is useful as a nontoxic, zero ozone depleting fluorocarbon useful as a solvent, blowing agent, refrigerant, cleaning agent, aerosol propellant, heat transfer medium, dielectric, fire extinguishing composition and power cycle working fluid.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel azeotrope-like compositions of 1-bromopropane, 4-methoxy-1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-nonafluorobutane (HFE-7100) and at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, 2-methyl-2-propanol, tetrahydrofuran, nitromethane, and methylene chloride and more particularly to azeotrope-like compositions based on these compounds which are useful as solvents in refrigeration flushing, oxygen system cleaning and vapor degreasing applications.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of fluorinated propanes and propenes. CF.sub.3 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 is produced from CF.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CHF.sub.2 by the sequential steps of dehydrofluorination, a reduction, and a second dehydrofluorination in which the same catalyst is preferably used for each step. Preferably the catalysts is palladium on carbon. The process provides the steps of passing CF.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CHF.sub.2 over a Pd/C catalyst to form CF.sub.3 CH.dbd.CHF; hydrogenating CF.sub.3 CH.dbd.CHF over a Pd/C catalyst to give CF.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 F; and passing CF.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 F over a Pd/C catalyst to give CF.sub.3 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2.