Abstract: A catalytic cracking process is provided in which entrained nitrogen is stripped from the regenerated cracking catalyst with a stripping gas comprising at least about 80 mole percent of carbon dioxide prior to contacting the hydrocarbonaceous feed with the regenerated catalyst.
Abstract: A coal liquefaction chargestock is first treated with a hydrogen sulfide-containing gas and thereafter subjected to coal liquefaction conditions.
Abstract: A catalyst is provided which comprises a hydrogenation component composited with a support. The hydrogenation component comprises a rare earth metal component and a transition metal component. Preferred catalysts are bimetallic catalysts consisting of cobalt and a rare earth metal on an alumina support. Also provided is a hydrodesulfurization process utilizing said catalyst.
Abstract: A catalyst is provided which comprises a hydrogenation component composited with an alumina support prepared by hydrolyzing an aluminum alcoholate to aluminum hydroxide and thermally decomposing the aluminum hydroxide in a solvent at a temperature above the critical temperature of the solvent. A preferred catalyst is cobalt-molybdenum on alumina. Also provided is a hydrodesulfurization process utilizing said catalyst.
Abstract: Sulfur-containing heavy hydrocarbonaceous oil feeds are simultaneously hydroconverted and desulfurized by reaction of the feed with an alkali metal alkoxide in the presence of added hydrogen at elevated temperatures.
Abstract: A low sulfur content coke is obtained in an integrated coking and gasification process wherein a portion or all of the steam reactant conventionally introduced into the gasification zone is replaced by a hydrogen-containing gas.
Abstract: A process for catalytically hydroconverting coal to produce coal liquids is effected by forming a mixture of an oil soluble metal compound, a hydrogen donor solvent and coal, converting the compound to a catalyst within said mixture and reacting the mixture with hydrogen. The recovered hydrogen donor solvent may be recycled to the hydroconversion zone without intervening hydrogenation. Preferred compounds are molybdenum compounds.
Abstract: A catalyst is provided which comprises a hydrogenation component composited with an alumina-containing support. The catalyst has a median pore radius ranging from about 70 to about 95 Angstroms and a narrow specified pore size distribution in a range of 10 Angstroms above and 10 Angstroms below the median pore radius. A preferred catalyst is cobalt-molybdenum on alumina. Also provided is a hydrodesulfurization process utilizing said catalyst.
Abstract: A heavy hydrocarbonaceous oil is converted to lower boiling hydrocarbon products by treatment with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a metal phthalocyanine and a particulate iron component.
Abstract: A catalytic hydroconversion process is effected by reacting with hydrogen a heavy hydrocarbonaceous oil containing a catalyst comprising an iron component and a catalytically active other metal component prepared by dissolving an oil soluble metal compound in the oil and converting the metal compound in the oil to the corresponding catalytically active metal component. Preferred oil soluble compounds are molybdenum compounds.
Abstract: In a coking process wherein a stream of fluidized solids is passed from a fluidized bed coking zone to a second fluidized bed, entrained coke fines recovered from the gaseous effluent of the second fluidized bed zone are recycled as dry fines to the coking zone.
Abstract: A sulfur-containing naphtha is separated into at least three fractions. Each fraction is desulfurized separately by a different desulfurization method. Subsequently, the desulfurized fractions are recombined. The intermediate boiling point naphtha fraction is desulfurized by an alkali metal desulfurization process, preferably in the presence of added hydrogen.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 14, 1976
Date of Patent:
December 13, 1977
Inventors:
Kent A. Howard, William E. Winter, Jr., Karsten H. Moritz, John D. Paynter
Abstract: A hydrocarbonaceous oil is introduced to a quench and scrubbing zone mounted on a fluid coking reactor. Heat from the coker vapor product vaporizes a portion of the hydrocarbonaceous oil. The unvaporized portion of the oil is used to quench and scrub the coker vapor product. The bottoms fraction of the quench and scrubbing zone is passed to a vacuum distillation zone to recover a heavy oil fraction and to produce a vacuum residuum for use as coker feed.
Abstract: A heavy hydrocarbonaceous oil containing a Group IB, IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB or VIII transition metal compound is upgraded by treatment with hydrogen or a hydrogen donor compound in the presence of an aluminum alkyl compound, for example, triethyl aluminum. The transition metal compound may be naturally occurring in the oil or added to the oil. A preferred transition metal compound is vanadyl phthalocyanine.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 2, 1976
Date of Patent:
October 25, 1977
Assignee:
Exxon Research & Engineering Co.
Inventors:
Joseph K. Mertzweiller, Roby Bearden, Jr.
Abstract: A high surface area perovskite catalyst comprises a perovskite containing at least one transition metal composited with a spinel-coated metal oxide support. The catalyst is prepared by forming a surface spinel on a metal oxide and subsequently co-impregnating or co-depositing the appropriate perovskite precursor component on the spinel coated metal oxide, followed by calcination at a temperature of at least 540.degree. C. A preferred catalyst is LaCoO.sub.3 supported on a spinel-covered alumina.
Abstract: In a fluid coking process, a gas containing coke particles is elutriated in a riser portion of a vessel to remove selectively the larger coke particles. The elutriated gas flows into a bed of solids positioned in the upper portion of the vessel.
Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide is removed from a gaseous mixture by reaction with tellurium dioxide. After the reaction, the resulting tellurium can be reoxidized.
Abstract: A heavy hydrocarbonaceous oil is converted to lower boiling products by treatment with hydrogen in the presence of a particulate acidic copper chloride catalyst.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 11, 1976
Date of Patent:
September 27, 1977
Assignee:
Exxon Research & Engineering Co.
Inventors:
Roby Bearden, Jr., William C. Baird, Jr.
Abstract: A fluid coking process is provided in which a relatively large amount of hydrogen sulfide is added to the coker fluidizing gas. A preferred fluidizing gas is a mixture of hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 27, 1976
Date of Patent:
September 27, 1977
Assignee:
Exxon Research & Engineering Co.
Inventors:
William J. Metrailer, Charles Rebick, Richard K. Lyon
Abstract: A two-stage hydrotreating process is provided in which a heavy hydrocarbon feed is treated with hydrogen and a small pore catalyst in a first zone and the hydrotreated hydrocarbon product is treated in a second zone with hydrogen and a larger pore catalyst having a specific pore size distribution.