Abstract: A proximity switch having a coil former (3) which is fitted with at least one coil (4, 5, 6), has an associated board (8) and is held by a plastic housing (1), and having an electrically conductive shield (2) between the coil former (3) and the inner wall of the plastic housing (1), with the shield (2) making electrically conductive contact with a circuit (9) which is mounted on the board (8), wherein the shield (2) is formed by an electrically conductive inner wall coating on the plastic housing (1).

Abstract: In a device for producing an image with a high light intensity by an image reproduction apparatus (9) which contains light valves, a light source comprising a light-emitting diode matrix (1, 2, 3) is provided for background lighting of the image reproduction apparatus (9). An optical device (5, 8, 10) for focussing and scattering the light which is produced by the light-emitting diode (1) is arranged between the light source (1, 2, 3) and the image reproduction apparatus (9).

Abstract: A method is required in which a plate-like flange member may be firmly secured at the front end of a hollow shaft member through a plastic working treatment by virtue of caulking combination, so as to manufacture a hollow shaft having a flange at one end thereof.

Abstract: An air mass flowmeter, suitable for connection to an air-intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, measures an air mass taken in by the engine. The flowmeter has an air passage consisting of a first channel and a second channel joined by a turning area. An air mass sensor is located in the second channel downstream of the turning area, on an inner wall of the second channel. A flow element is located in the turning area, projects from an inner wall of one of the channel sections towards a curved wall of the turning area to define a point of separation of a stream of air from an inner channel wall upstream of the air mass sensor.

Abstract: A system for operating a door lock (14) and a latching device (16), which can be arrested in a positive-locking manner, of a sliding door (10), said latching device preventing the sliding door (10) in its open position from sliding back. The operation of the door lock (14) and latching device (16) takes place mechanically via connecting elements, and the logical closing functions, are integrated in the door lock (14) which is situated remote from the door handles. In order to avoid very long connecting elements with cumulative tolerances, the connecting elements (22, 24) between the door handles and the door lock (14) have driver elements (40, 42) which act via a driven element (32, 44) on a connecting element (28) connected to the latching device (16).

Abstract: When using solenoid coils in an explosion-hazard environment, in order that no sparks are produced in the event of a discontinuity in an electrical line leading to the solenoid coil, two or more identical zener diodes are connected in parallel with one another and to the solenoid coil. In order to verify the operability of all the zener diodes which are connected in parallel with one another and to the solenoid coil, the electrical values of the zener diodes and of the solenoid coil are measured before assembly. The total capacitance of the circuit arrangement is measured after assembly. The capacitance of the solenoid coil is subtracted from the total capacitance, and the remaining value is divided by the number of parallel-connected zener diodes. The result is compared with the capacitance of a single zener diode, with the magnitude of the difference between these values being used as a criterion for the operability of the zener diodes.

Abstract: In a pressure switch, which emits an electrical switching signal as a function of the magnitude of a pressure which is supplied to it, which electrical switching signal assumes a first value when the pressure is less than the threshold value and which assumes a second value when the value is greater than the threshold value, the threshold value is adjusted—assuming that this is provided at all—by hand, for example by moving a cam disk which is coupled to a rotary knob. In order to adjust the threshold value by an electrical signal, the pressure is supplied to a pressure sensor, which emits an electrical output signal, which is a measure of the pressure which is supplied to the pressure sensor. The pressure switch is supplied with an electrical input signal which is a measure of the threshold value.

Abstract: A drive device which is used in particular for the closing unit, the injection unit or the ejectors of an injection molding machine for plastics and which has a drive element which can be moved axially by an electric motor, and a hydraulic unit which can be moved in the same direction as the drive element by moving the latter. In drive devices for the applications, it is important to first of all perform a rapid regulating movement and then exert high forces. In a known drive device having these features, the hydraulic unit is a hydraulic cylinder which is adjusted by the electric motor via a stroke spindle during the regulating movement and to which pressure medium is fed via a valve for exerting a high force. In this known drive device, in addition to the electrical installation, a complete hydraulic system is also necessary. In addition, high reaction forces act on the stroke spindle.

Abstract: A driving rod lock, in particular a sliding door lock, with at least one driving rod (2, 3) starting from a lock housing (1), for driving at least one bolt element (4), wherein the at least one driving rod (2, 3) is displaceable by means of energy stored in an energy storing device (5) after release of the energy storing device (5) by discharge from a ready-to-close position into a closed positions, wherein the energy storing device (5) can be loaded by actuation of a latch nut (6) upon return of the at least one driving rod (2, 3) and released by a release mechanism. The release mechanism is formed by a blocking member (7) which holds the at least one driving rod (2, 3) in the closed position against return by the latch nut (6), wherein the latch nut (6) is blocked against rotation in the blocking position of the blocking member (7).

Abstract: The invention is based on a pressure-medium cylinder having a piston which has a piston rod, and having a measuring system for determining the absolute position of the piston rod relative to a reference point. Firstly, the measuring system has a code track of binary code elements which is applied to the piston rod and runs along the piston rod, which code elements are formed by grooves and plateaus which run in the circumferential direction in a magnetically conductive base material, which is coated with a protective layer, of the piston rod, and, secondly, the measuring system has a sensor which is in a fixed position relative to the reference point and has two or more sensor elements, which are arranged along the code track and each scan a limited number of code elements.

Abstract: Bitumen or asphalt for producing a road topping, whereby the bitumen or asphalt contains a proportion of paraffin obtained by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FT paraffin). A road topping with the bitumen and a method for producing a corresponding road topping or roadway covering using the bitumen.

Abstract: A drive device which is intended for displacing two linearly movable components of a plastics injection-molding machine at least partly at successive times, in particular for displacing the injection unit for bringing the injection nozzle into contact with a mold and for displacing the injection mechanism for injecting polymer into the mold. With a known drive device, arranged downstream of an electric rotating motor are two clutches, by which rotational movements are transmitted on the basis of frictional engagement, and with which wear accordingly occurs. Each clutch is followed by a threaded drive, by which the rotational movement of the output element of a clutch is transformed into the linear movement of the machine component to be displaced.

Abstract: Pump (4) which is actuable by a hand lever for spraying liquid (3), especially for placing on bottles (1) with a pump piston (13) which is linearly displacable in a pump chamber (17) on a housing side, against force of a compression spring, for spraying the liquid (3) out of a mouthpiece nozzle (24).

Abstract: A vehicle mirror has a mirror glass (1) which also forms a substrate for an OLED display (7). This OLED display (7) fully covers the mirror glass (1). A front cover glass (5) forms the second substrate for the OLED display (7).

Abstract: A device for displaying pictograms in a vehicle wherein the device comprises a control unit and a display unit, in particular an LCD display unit, the control unit controlling the display unit, and a method for operating the device, wherein a) the display unit is divided into symbol fields (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) which are arranged one next to the other in a row, the control unit only ever displaying one pictogram in each symbol field simultaneously, b) the control unit always displays in a specific symbol field (2) each new pictogram which is to be displayed in the symbol fields (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) which are arranged one next to the other in a row, and displaces by one symbol field the pictograms which have already been displayed, without changing their order, c) a control element (13) is provided with which a coherent section of the pictograms which are arranged one next to the other in a row can be displayed in the symbol fields of the display unit if more pictograms are to be displayed simultaneously than symbol fie

Abstract: A flexible element, for example a flexible shaft, has a core (12) and a tubular sheathing (16) protecting the latter. Sleeve elements (20) surround the core and hold the tubular sheathing (16) between them. Different co-efficients of thermal expansion of the material for the tubular sheathing in comparison to the material of the core have previously led to undesirable distortions. To avoid these distortions in a structurally simple manner, at least one sleeve element (20) holds the tubular sheathing (16) with limited axial play (26). The play compensation between the sleeve element (20) and tubular sheathing (16) is particularly advantageous when the sleeve elements (20) are used for fixing the flexible elements (10).

Abstract: With an electrical device with a circuit arranged on a support plate and with a leadframe, forming electrical leads, for the electrical connection of the circuit to further electrical components, the support plate is in heat-conducting connection with at least a part of the leadframe. The leadframe may be formed at least partly with a flat surface area and the support plate may rest on the flat part. An electrical insulation between the support plate and the leadframe may be formed by a double-sided adhesive film or by a printed-on adhesive.

Abstract: A method for modulating a basic clock signal for digital circuits, in which distances between adjacent switching edges are altered, the basic clock signal being conducted via a changing number of delay units for altering the distances between the adjacent switching edges, the method comprising the step of calibrating delay times of the delay units (D1-Dn), wherein the delay units (D1-Dn) each have a plurality of delay elements (10) which are controlled to impart zero delay or a non-zero value of delay to a clock signal individually or in groups of the display elements; wherein the respective distance between two adjacent switching edges is derived from numbers of a random number generator; and wherein the distance between two successive switching edges is derived as a function of the random number and a modulation factor.

Abstract: A device for controlling a hydraulic actuator includes an electrically operated valve that controls the flow of a pressure medium in the actuator in response to the operations of three controllers. A first of the controllers designates a position of a piston of the valve. A second of the controllers commands movement of the actuator. And a third of the controllers electronically controls a sequence of movements of the actuator. The three actuators are arranged in a common housing located on the valve.

Abstract: A composite material has a laminated structure of fiber-reinforced resin layers and films of a shape-memory alloy. A predetermined strain has been applied to each film. A damage sensor has a film of an alloy of nickel and titanium. An electric circuit is bonded to the film, and strain gages are connected to the electric circuit. The damage sensor can be laminated to the resin layers in place of the film of the shape-memory alloy. Damage to the composite material is suppressed as follows: A current is applied to the films of the shape-memory alloy, to monitor change in electric resistance of the films. The damage is located in response to the change in electric resistance. Another current is applied to a film of the shape-memory alloy for which the change is larger than the other films to generate heat for deforming the film to generate shrinking stress or shear stress to the damage.